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1、71994-2016 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved, http:/ Abstract As the title of this dissertation indicates, this dissertation is intended to describe and explain the common and different strategies of requests in both English and Chinese in a contrastive approach
2、, which is based on the questionnaire survey of Americans and Chinese people. Request is chosen mainly because it is widely used in a variety of situations of our daily life. For example, asking somebody to pass the salt at the dinner table, or asking someone to turn down the TV when we are sleeping
3、. From the studies of requests by scholars, such as Lyons (1977), Searle(1979), Leech(1983), Searle & Vanderveken(1985), Tsui(2000) and our present research, we could arrive at some understanding of requests: requests are attempts on the part of the speaker in discourse to get the hearer to perform
4、cr to stop performing some kind of action, meanwhile the addressee is left with the right to refuse to comply (see Section 1.3). Note that the requested act is a future act within the reach of the addressee 1 s ability. This definition can be fully evidenced in the most popular use of the convention
5、ally indirect strategy in requests. Consider the examples below: (1) 帮我打扫一下厨房，好吗？ (2) Would you mind helping me clean up the kitchen? By the term of strategy, we dont mean the “disease to please” somebody (To be a nice person, one tries to live up to the requirements of ten should), as described by
6、Braiker (2001), but mean that the speaker is not necessarily seen to use a single choice of expressions in expressing requests, s/he can be allowed to make full exploitation of whatever strategy or strategies s/he wishes to apply for the maximum effect in terms of concrete situations. That is, the c
7、hoice of the vocabulary, grammatical structure, sentence pattern, the arrangement of the text and even the intonation in order to achieve the desired goal. The studies of many scholars, such as Searle (1976), Ervin-Tripp(1977), House (1986), Blum-Kulka (1987), Blum-Kulka & House (1989), Blum-Kulka, et al (1989), Ellis (1994), Liao (1997) and Gibbs (1998) have found that three categories of head request strategies are employed widely in daily verbal communication. They are direct (e.g. I want you to shut up. / You911 have to move the car.), conventionally 1