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1、Beijing Beijing Opera OperaCONTENTCONTENTS S、History&Status、Stylized action、Skill&Roles、Facial makeupBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaHistoryHistoryPart onePart oneBeijinBeijing gO Operapera&Status&StatushistoryhistoryBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaKnownasChinasnationalopera,BeijingOperaoriginatedinthelate18thc
2、enturyfromthebasisofsomelocaloperasinAnhuiandHubeiProvinces.DuringthereignoftheQianlongemperorintheQingdynasty,Qianlonghadinterestinthelocalopera.In1790,tocelebratehiseightiethbirthday,hesummonedoperatroupes（戏班）fromdifferentplacestoperformforhiminBeijing.FourfamoustroupesfromAnhuiprovinceremainedinB
3、eijingafterthecelebration.In1828,aHubeitroupecametoBeijingandoftenperformedtogetherwiththeAnhuitroupes.ThetwotypesofsingingmixedtogetherandgraduallyanewtypecameintobeingknownasBeijingOpera.The early Qing Dynasty saw a great development of a plethora of operas.In the middle of the Qing Dynasty,Hui an
4、d Han operas were brought into Beijing.They became immensely popular with the imperial family,nobles,officials and the commoners.The marriage of Hui and Han operas became known as the Beijing opera.statusstatusBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijingOperaisthemostinfluentialandrepresentativeofalloperasinCh
5、ina.Ithasahistoryofmorethan200years.IthaswongreatpopularitynotonlyinChinabutalsothroughouttheworld.BeijingOperaisaharmoniouscombinationofmanyartforms.Itisasynthesisoftraditionalmusic,dancing,poetry,acrobatics（杂技）andmartial（尚武的）arts.Itisfamousforitsexquisitecostumes,beautifulmake-uporpaintedface,ande
6、stablishedperformingconventionsandrules.The early Qing Dynasty saw a great development of a plethora of operas.In the middle of the Qing Dynasty,Hui and Han operas were brought into Beijing.They became immensely popular with the imperial family,nobles,officials and the commoners.The marriage of Hui
7、and Han operas became known as the Beijing opera.StylizedStylized（程式化的）（程式化的）action actionPart twoPart twoBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijingoperarecreatessettingsandprops（道具）throughtheuseofmimed（模拟）gesturesandactions.Thestagehasnorealdoor,carriage,boat,mountainorhorse;hencet
8、heactorswillmimetheactionofopeningthedoor,enteringthroughthedoor,gettingonacarriage,rowingaboat,climbingupamountainandridingahorse.Forexample,thehandsshowingtheactionofholdingareinmeanstheactorisridingahorse,theactofopeningadoormeansjustthatandwalkingroundthestageinonecirclemeansalongjourney.SkillSk
9、ill&Roles&RolesPart Part threethreeBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaSkillSkillThatis,sing(唱),read(念),do(做)andfight(打).BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaS ShenghengDanDanJingJingRolesRolesChouChouMaleroleFemalerolePaintedfacemaleroleClownroleBeijinBeijing gO Operapera TherolesontheChineseoperastagefallintofourcateg
10、oriesSheng,Dan,JingandChou.Theseroleshavethenaturalfeaturesofageandsex,aswellassocialstatus,andareartificiallyexaggeratedbymakeup,costumeandgestures.ShengShengTheLaoshengisadignified（庄重的）olderrole.Thesecharactershaveagentleandcultivateddispositionandwearsensiblecostumes.Youngmalecharactersareknownas
11、Xiaosheng.Thesecharacterssinginahigh,shrillvoicewithoccasionalbreakstorepresentthevoicechangingperiodofadolescence.TheWushengisamartial（尚武的）characterforrolesinvolvingcombat.Theyarehighlytrainedinacrobatics（杂技）,andhaveanaturalvoicewhensinging.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaDanDanQing yiQing yi (青衣）青衣）Wu d
12、anWu dan (武旦）武旦）Lao danLao dan (老老旦）旦）Hua danHua dan (花花旦旦)TheDanreferstoanyfemaleroleinBeijingOpera.Danroleswereoriginallydividedintofourtypes.Virtuous（道德高尚的）andelitewomenwereQingyi,martialwomenwereWudan,oldwomenwereLaodan,andvivacious（活泼的）andunmarriedwomenwereHuadan.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaZheng
13、 jingZheng jing (正净）正净）JingJingFu jingFu jing(副副净）净）Wu jingWu jing(武净）武净）TheJingisapaintedfacemalerole.Dependingontherepertoire（全部剧目）oftheparticulartroupe,hewillplayeitherprimaryorsecondaryroles.Thistypeofrolewillentailaforcefulcharacter,soaJingmusthaveastrongvoiceandbeabletoexaggerategestures.Beiji
14、nBeijing gO OperaperaChouChou Wen Wen Chou Chou(文丑）文丑）Wu Wu chouchou(武丑武丑)TheChouisamaleclownrole.TheChouusuallyplayssecondlyrolesinatroupe.Indeed,moststudiesofBeijingoperaclassifytheChouasaminorrole.ChourolescanbedividedintoWenchou,civilianrolessuchasmerchantsandjailers（狱卒）,andWuchou,minormilitaryr
15、oles.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaFacialFacial makeup makeupPart Part fourfourBeijinBeijing gO Operapera BeijingoperatypesBeijingoperatypesofoffacialmakeupinoperasfacialmakeupinoperasBeijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas,isaspecialfeatureofanationalcosmetic.Aseachhistoricalfigureoracertaintypeofperso
16、nhasanapproximatespectraltype,likesing,playmusictothemusic,socalled“typesoffacialmakeupinoperas”.Onthetypesoffacialmakeupinoperassources,thegeneralviewisfrommask.Beijingoperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperasarebasedoncertainpersonality,temperamentorsomespecialtypesoffiguresfortheuseofcertaincolors.BeijinB
17、eijing gO OperaperaBlackfaces,usuallyhaveneutralmeanings,symbolizingjustbravecriticizedintegrityandevenreckless,however,theycanalsosignifiesuprightness.Redfaceshavepositivemeanings,symbolizingloyal,brave,faithfulandwisemen,suchasGuanYu.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaYellowsignifiesviciousbrutality(凶狠残暴),
18、suchasDianWei.Purpleisapositivecolor,whichsignifieswisdomandbravery.Whitefaceshavenegativemeaningsthatsymbolizetreacherous奸诈,insidious阴险andcrafty狡猾men,suchasCaocao.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBlueorgreenhaveneutralmeaningsthatsymbolizetheheroofthebush,withtheformeralsohintingatstrengthandintrepidity（无
19、畏）.Goldandsilverfacessymbolizemysteriousness,andstandformonstersorgods.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaFour Four Famous Famous Dan Dan ActorsActors逼逼格格 Mei Lan fang梅兰芳梅兰芳Xun Huisheng荀慧生荀慧生逼逼格格Cheng Yan qiu程砚秋程砚秋Shang Xiao yun尚小云尚小云BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaTheMeiLanfangSchool梅派Th
20、eChengYanqiuSchool程派TheShangXiaoyunSchool尚派TheXunHuishengSchool荀派Four famous Branches of Beijing Opera named after famous performing artists In this word there are only two kinds of people,those who like Beijing Opera,and the other people dont know they like Beijing Opera.Wang Peiyu(王佩瑜）BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijinBeijing gO OperaperaBeijingOperaistheessenceoftraditionalChinesearts.IhopeyoucanlearnmoreaboutBeijingOperaandenjoythebeautyofBeijingOpera.BeijinBeijing gO OperaperaQ&AQ&AThank Thank You!You!