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1、人教版选择性必修第二册全册练习题Unit1 Science and Scientists. - 2 -课时作业一 . - 2 -课时作业二 . - 7 -课时作业三 . - 11 -单元综合检测. - 16 -Unit2 Bridging Cultures . - 29 -课时作业一 . - 29 -课时作业二 . - 34 -课时作业三 . - 38 -单元综合测验. - 42 -Unit3 Food and Culture. - 57 -课时作业一 . - 57 -课时作业二 . - 62 -课时作业三 . - 66 -单元综合测验. - 70 -Unit4 Journey Across
2、a Vast Land. - 83 -课时作业一 . - 83 -课时作业二 . - 88 -课时作业三 . - 92 -单元综合测验. - 97 -Unit5 First Aid . - 111 -课时作业一 . - 111 -课时作业二 . - 116 -课时作业三 . - 120 -单元综合测验. - 125 -Unit1ScienceandScientists课时作业一.单词拼写根据汉语提示写出单词。1. The evidence demonstrates how easily people can hold contradictory (相互矛盾的) beliefs.2. Was h
3、is mother too severe (严厉) on him?3. The driver of the crashed car received multiple (多样的) injuries.4. We should transform our subjective world while transforming ( 改 变 ) the objective world.5. According to official statistics (统计数字)，the island had 37 people. 6The traffic accidents in the city decrea
4、sed (减少) last year.7. They made substantial (重大的) changes to the arrangements.8. The prime minister was always demanding active intervention (干涉) early on. 9The police have now narrowed down their list of suspects (犯罪嫌疑人) 10He was not displeased at the way he had handled (处理) the problem.阅读理解AJohn v
5、on Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker，and his speed of learning new ideas and of solving problems stood out early.At 17，his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician， and so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as
6、well.In 192，6 at 23，he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D.in mathematics.From then o，n mathematics provided well enough for him，and he never had to turn to chemistry.In 1930，von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there.His first book was pub
7、lished in 1932.In 1933 ，the Institute for Advanced Study was formed，and he became one of the 6 fulltime people(Einstein was one of the others)in the School of Mathematics.World War hugely changed von Neumanns areas of interest.Until 1940 he had been a great pure(纯粹的)mathematician.During and after th
8、e war，he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice.During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamentalcontributions.After the war，von Neumann continued his work with computer，s and was generally very active in
9、 government service.He received many award，s was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission.He died in 1957 of cancer.Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place history.He will
10、be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.Von Neumann really was a legend传( 奇)in his own time，and there are a number of stories about him.His driving ability is a part of this legend.He reported one accident this way，“I was driving down the road.The trees on the right were passi
11、ng me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour.Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了伟大的数学家John von Neumann(约翰冯诺依曼)的生平事迹。1. According to the text，von Neumanns father believed thatAa mathematician couldnt earn a lot of moneyBa mathematician needed a good memoryCvon Neumann had the a
12、bility to learn two subjects at the same timeDvon Neumann had a gift for solving problems at a high speedA 细节理解题。根据第一段“his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician”可知，他的父亲认为数学家的生活可能会比较清贫。2. Von Neumann published his first book a
13、t the age of A23 B26 C29 D32C 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1926， at 23.”和第二段“His first book was published in 1932.”不难得出，他29 岁时出版了第一本书。3. How did World War affect John von Neumann? AHe realized the importance of engineering.B. He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.C. He left college and served
14、at the government department.D. He lost interest in chemistry.B 细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知，第二次世界大战使他的兴趣从纯粹数学领域转到了应用数学领域。4. Which of the following is TRUE of von Neumann? AHe had three children.B. He died from an accident.C. He received many awards in his life.D. He and Einstein were classmates in PrincetonUni
15、versity.C 细节理解题。A 选项对第一段第一句话可知，A 选项错误；由第三段末句可知，B 选项错误；由第三段第六句可知，C 选项正确；由第二段末句可知，D 选项错误。BOne morning，more than a hundred years ago，an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep.He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult proble：mIt
16、 seemed impossible to get the thread to run smoothly around the needle.Though he was tired，Howe slept badly.He turned and turned.Then he had a dream.He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine.When he
17、tried to do ，soHowe ran into the same problem as before.The thread kept getting caught around the needle.The king flew into the cage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe.They came up towards him with their spears raised.But suddenly the inventor noticed something.There was a hole in the tip of each
18、 spear.The inventor awoke from the dream， realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem.Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle，he should make it run through a small hole in the centre of the needle.This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build th
19、e first really practised sewing machine.Elias Howe was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way.Thomas Edison，the inventor of the electric light，said his best ideas came into him in dreams.So did the great physicist Albert Einstein.Charlotte Bronte also drew in her dreams in
20、 writing Jane Eyre.To know the value of dreams，you have to understand what happens when you are asleep.Even then，a part of your mind is still working.This unconscious无( 意识的)， but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day.It stores all
21、 sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed.It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake.Howeve，r the unconscious part acts in a special way.It uses strange images which the conscious part may
22、not understand at first.This is why dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to ourselves”【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲了许多发明源于科学家梦中的灵感。梦有时被称为“我们自己的秘密信息”，因为奇怪的影像被用于交流想法。5. The problem Howe was trying to solve was Awhat kind of thread to useB. how to design a needle which would not breakC. where to put the
23、 needleD. how to prevent the thread from getting caught around the needleD 细节理解题。答案定位在第二段“The thread kept getting caught around the needle.”可知Howe 努力解决的问题是怎样解决线不断地被针卡住，故选D。6. Thomas Edison is spoken of because Ahe also tried to invent a sewing machineB. he got some of his ideas from dreamsC. he was
24、one of Howes best friendsD. he also had difficulty in falling asleepB 细节理解题。答案定位在第四段“Thomas Edison，the inventor of the electric light，said his best ideas came into him in dreams.”可知谈到托马斯爱迪生是因为他从梦中获得了一些创造的灵感，故选B。7. Dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to ourselves” because Astrange images are
25、 used to communicate ideasB. images which have no meaning are usedC. we can never understand the real meaningD. only specially trained people can understand themA 细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段“It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first.This is why dreams are sometimes called secre
26、t messages to ourselves”可知梦有时被称为“我们自己的秘密信息”是因为奇怪的影像被用于交流想法，故选A。.阅读七选五No one likes to fail.Whether its at wor，k at home，or in another area of your life，failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms otfime，money，or both.1If you never suffer a failure，then youre probably not pushing yourself to
27、 your full potential.The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after youve failed.Remember that other people fail too.2Theyll tell you about that greantew contract they signed，not the deal that failed eventually though they worked on itfor months.But failure is norma，l and lots of peopl
28、efail time and timeagain before meeting with success.Remind yourself of your past successes.Failing doesnt mean that youre worthless，or that youll never achieve the things you want. 3 Maybe you had high marks last term，or you lost weight，or you learned to play a musical instrument.You might want to
29、write down a list of successesthings that youve accomplished over the past few years，whether big or small.If you ever lack confidence，you can go back and read over that list.4 Your past successes are important，but so are your past failures.Youve made mistakes before，and youve survived them.Perhaps y
30、ou did badly in an exa，mor lost your temper and had to apologize.Its not fun to think about the times when things went wrong，but by acknowledging your failures，you can remind yourself that today is no different.Just as you recovered in the pas，t you can recover from your recent failure too.5 Whateve
31、r went wrong，youre probably facing some sort of decision.Dont rush into making hasty decision，but do look for a forward path.That might require some deep thinking.AMake a decision. BLimit the damage caused.CRemind yourself of your past failures. DHowever，failure is a normal part of life. EGet some a
32、dvice and support from others.FMost people dont talk openly about their failures.GThink of all the times in the past when youve succeeded.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论“失败”。失败是生活中很正常的一部分， 大多数人不会公开谈论他们的失败。你过去的成功很重要，但你过去的失败也很重要。要提 醒自己过去的失败。1D上文提示“无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在生活的其他方面，失败都是痛苦的， 而且在时间、金钱方面，或者两者兼而有之。”再根据下文提示“如果你从
33、未经历过失败， 那么你可能并没有将自己的潜力发挥到极致。”承接上下文，D 项“However，failure is a normal part of life.”(然而，失败是生活中很正常的一部分。)切题。2F 上文提示“记住，别人也会失败。”承接上文，F 项“Most people dont talk openly about their failures.”(大多数人不会公开谈论他们的失败。)切题。该项中的 dont talk openly 和上文的other people fail too 相吻合。3G上文提示“失败并不意味着你一文不值，或者你永远无法实现你想要的东西。” 再根据下文提示
34、“也许你上学期成绩很好，也许你减肥了，也许你学会了演奏乐器。”承接上下文，G 项“Think of all the times in the past when youve succeeded.”(想想过去你成功的所有时刻。)切题。4C下文提示“你过去的成功很重要，但你过去的失败也很重要。”承接下文，C 项“Remind yourself of your past failures.”(提醒自己过去的失败。)切题。5A下文提示“不管出了什么问题，你都可能面临某种决定。”承接下文，A 项“Make a decision.”(做出一个决定。)切题。课时作业二.单句语法填空1. Give the b
35、ottle a couple of shakes before pouring(pour) the juice. 2We are determined to defend (defend) our motherland at all costs.3. Klan called his assistant (assist)，Hasher，to take over his duties while he went out.4. Early astronomers (astronomer) thoughtthat our planet was the centre of the universe.5.
36、 He stopped，shifting (shift) his cane to his left hand.6. He came down with illness last night and is still under emergency treatment. 7Someone must be put in charge of writing down all the ideas.8. Fires broke out everywhere，the entire city went up in flames. 9The characters in the book are vividly
37、 (vivid) presented.10I was disappointed whenever the cook found fault with me. .完形填空Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientis？t A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full 1 of the facts he observes.He doesnt accept ideas which are not based on obvious fac
38、，tsand therefore 2 to accept authority as the only reason for truth.He always checks ideas 3 and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 4 as far back as thetime of Roger Bacon，the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived between the years 1214 and 12
39、92.He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to5that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us，and he himself6 many important truths.Galileo(15641642)，however，who lived more than 300 years later，was the greatest of several great men in Italy，France，Germany，and England，7began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees.Before Galil，eo learned men believed that large bodies fell more8towards the earth than small ones，9Aristotle said so.But