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1、(定语从句定语从句)Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersJackWhich house is mineWhich house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy houseThe Attributive ClauseA clause is a part of a sentence.
2、The Attributive Clause tells us which person or thing(or what kind of person or thing)the speaker means.e.g.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.Which woman is a teacher?The woman who lives next door is a teacher.1.The woman is a teacher.2.The woman lives next Look at the following phrases whi
3、ch describe certain types of people.Match and combine them into sentences using the Attributive Clause.Are you one of them?What kind of person are you?A bookwormA couch potatoA sports fanA workaholicloves to play or watch.likes reading very much.Often works very hard.spends a lot of time watching TV
4、.1.A bookworm is someone who likes reading very much.2.A couch potato is someone who spends a lot of time watching TV.3.A sports fan is someone who loves to play or watch sports.4.A workaholic is someone who often works very hard.A bookwormA couch potatoA sports fanA workaholicloves to play or watch
5、.qlikes reading very much.Often works very hard.spends a lot of time watching TV.The attributive clauseTalking about people1.She looked at Jeff who was waving his arms.2.Do you know the boy whose parents are on holiday?Talking about things1.The story that you read is“The Rescue”.2.And there she saw
6、a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.The Attributive Clause（定语从句）（定语从句）在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词。由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此，句中充当一个成分，因此，要正确判断关系代词在从要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是
7、宾语等。句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。关系代词关系代词:1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.3.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物
8、，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省作宾语可省 略略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using ismade in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?4.that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine.It
9、can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man.I told you about him.He is the man(that)I told you about.(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world.whom that(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.The dress t
10、hat she is wearing is new.which (3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen.Fill in the blanks with who,whom,that,or which.1 The earthq
11、uake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2 We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.3 The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4 A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.5Luckily none of the people _ I know
12、were killed in the earthquake.6 people _ study earthquakes thinks that there will be another big one soon.which/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/whomwho在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：1 1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此，句中充当一个成分，因此，要正确判断关系代词在从要正确判断关系代词在从句中的
13、功能，如作主语还是宾语等。句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。2 2 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用当先行词指人时，关系代词可用whowho（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），thatthat（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），whomwhom（作宾语），作宾语），whosewhose（作作定语）定语）3 3 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用当先行词指物时，关系代词可用thatthat（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），whichwhich（做主语，宾语）做主语，宾语）4 4 再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后
14、只用后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whomwhom，指物时，介词后只用指物时，介词后只用whichwhich。5 5 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用whowho，指物时，指物时，只用只用whichwhich。Unit4 Grammar(定语从句定语从句)在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：1 1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，有在从由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，有在从句中充当一个成分，因此，句中充当一个成分，因此，要正确判断关系代词在从要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，
15、如作主语还是宾语等。句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。2 2 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用当先行词指人时，关系代词可用whowho（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），thatthat（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），whomwhom（作宾语），作宾语），whosewhose（作作定语）定语）3 3 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用当先行词指物时，关系代词可用thatthat（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），whichwhich（做主语，宾语）做主语，宾语）4 4 再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用，
16、指物后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用，指物时，介词后只用。时，介词后只用。5 5 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用whowho，指物时，指物时，只用只用whichwhich。当先行词指人时，关系代词可用当先行词指人时，关系代词可用whowho（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），thatthat（做主语，宾语），做主语，宾语），whomwhom（作宾语），作宾语），whosewhose（作定语）作定语）Talking about people1 She looked at Jeff who/that was waving his arms.2 Do y
17、ou know the boy whose parents are on holiday?3 Is this the boy whom you spoke to just now?当先行词指物时，关系代词可用当先行词指物时，关系代词可用thatthat（做主语，宾做主语，宾语），语），whichwhich（做主语，宾语）做主语，宾语）Talking about things1 The story that/which you read is“The Rescue”.2 And there she saw a wall of water that/which was quickly advanc
18、ing towards her.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略指物，只用指物，只用 which指人指人,只用只用whomIs this the library from which you borrow books?Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：My siste
19、r,who is twenty,works in a bank.The man who came here yesterday has come again.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然
20、清楚。这种从句，这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。写时往往逗号分开。在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用whowho，指物时，只用指物时，只用whichwhich。She looked at Jeff,who was waving his arms.Football,which is a very interesting game,is loved by most people in the world.whose 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作定语定语，表示引导词，表示引导词与与 whose 后的后的名词为所属关系名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与
21、多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。互换使用。Whose is used instead for his/her/their/its.This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.Fill in the blanks with who,whom,whose that,or which.1 I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.2 Yesterday Emily was wearing the
22、new dress _ I gave her.3 The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.4 Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.whowhich/thatwhoseWhich/thatFill in the blanks with who,whom,whose that,or which.5 The family _ Im staying with lives in town.6 I know the student _ article was p
23、ublished.7 Betty,_ has never been abroad,is studying English very well.8 My parents live in a house _ is more than 100 years old.9 The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.thatwhosewhowhich/thatwhomHomework1.Workbook P.105 Ex.2Unit4 Grammar(定语从句定语从句)The road which/that was destroyed in the earthquake
24、 has now been built stronger.The road was destroyed in the earthquake.It has now been built stronger.ItThe soldier have saved the peopleWhom/that were in danger.The people were in danger.The soldiers have saved them.themThe waiter who/that served us tea was very friendly and polite.The waiter was ve
25、ry friendly and polite.He served us tea.HeA dictionary is a book which/that you can use to learn more words.A dictionary is a book.You can use it to learn more words.itXiao Ming works in a shop which/thatsells photo cameras.Xiao Ming works in a shop.The shop sells photo cameras.What was the name of
26、the farmer?He discovered the tomb of Qin Shi Huang.What was the name of the farmer who/that discovered the tomb of Qin Shi Huang.I like treavelling to places which/that are very beautiful.I really like travelling.I like beautiful places.The bus goes to the airport.It runs every half hour.The bus whi
27、ch/that goes to the airportruns every half when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.on whichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.in which=why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词介词for+for+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。Do you know the reason why she was late.for which=