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1、Lecture1SpeechCommunicationProcess;EthicsinPublicSpeaking;YourFirstSpeech篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统PublicSpeakingandCriticalThinkingnWhatiscriticalthinking?n-Focused,organizedthinkingaboutsuchthingsasnthelogical relationshipsamong ideas,nthesoundness of evidence,andnthedi
2、fferences between fact and opinion;篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Criticalthinkingisn-a matter of logic-nof being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统TheSpeechCommunicationProces
3、s:sevenelementsnspeaker,nmessage,nchannel,nlistener,nfeedback,ninterference,nsituation篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Speaker:n1.Personalcredibility,n2.Knowledgeofthesubject,n3.Preparationofthespeech,n4.Mannerofspeaking,n5.SensitivitytotheaudienceandtheoccasionnButfirstofall:sa
4、y something that sparks your own enthusiasm.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Message:n1.narrowdownyourtopic;n2.doresearchandchoosesupportingdetails;n3.organizeyourideasforlistenerstofollow;n4.expressyourmessageinaccurateandappropriatewords;n5.toneofvoice,appearance,gestures,faci
5、alexpressionandeyecontact;篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Channel:nthemostdirectchannel:nyourlistenerswillseeyouandhearyouwithoutanyelectronicintervention篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Listener:n1.do not assume that listeners will beinterested;n2.understa
6、nd their point of view and gettheminvolved;n3.avoidtoobasic/sophisticatedmessage;n4.relatetotheirexperience,interests,knowledgeandvalues.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Feedback:nverbalornon-verbalnPosture;nReaction;nFacialexpression;nAction篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛
7、的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Interference:nanythingthatimpedesthecommunicationofamessage;nexternalnOrninternal篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Situation:ntime/certainoccasionsnandnplace/physicalsetting篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Cultural diversity in the modern wor
8、ld:ninternationalmulticulturalismnLanguage,nWaysofthinking/seeingtheworldnGestures,facialexpressions,andothernonverbalsignalsn-Neveroverlooklistenersculturalvaluesandcustoms;篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Ethnocentrismnthe belief that our own group or culture is superior to al
9、l other groups or cultures;nkeepinmindthegrowingdiversityoflife;navoidanywordsorphrasesthatmightcausemisunderstanding;ntrytorelatetoawiderangeoflisteners;篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Ethicsinpublicspeakingnguidedbyastrongsenseofintegrity;nThegoalofpublicspeakingistogainadesi
10、redresponsefromlisteners,butNOTatanycost;n“The ideal of commendable speechmaking is the good person speaking well.”篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统nEthics:nthebranchofphilosophythatdealswithissuesofrightandwronginhumanaffairs.nInanidealworld,astheGreekphilosopherPlatonoted,allp
11、ublicspeakerswouldbetruthfulanddevotedtothegoodofsociety.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统GuidelinesforEthicalSpeaking:nMakesureyourgoalsareethicallysound.nBefullypreparedforeachspeech.nBehonestinwhatyousay.nAvoidname-callingandotherformsofabusivelanguage.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少
12、来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Name-calling:Theuseoflanguagetodefame,demean,degradeordehumanizeindividualsorgroups.Avoidracism,sexism,ageism,sizism,shapismthatdevaluesthepeopleinquestionandstereotypestheminwaysthatassumetheinnatesuperiorityofonegroupoveranother.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的
13、计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Putethicalprinciplesintopractice.nItiseasytopaylipservicetotheimportanceofethics,butmuchhardertoactethically.n“Beingethicalmeansbehavingethicallyallthetime-notonlywhenitsconvenient.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Plagiarism:ntopresentanotherpersonslanguageoridea
14、sasyourown;n1.Globalplagiarism:nPiratesanentirespeechfromasinglesource.n2.Patchworkplagiarism:nPiratesaspeechfromseveralsources.n3.Incrementalplagiarism:nFailstogivecreditforborrowedpartsofthespeech.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统GuidelinesforEthicalListening:nBecourteousandat
15、tentive;nAvoidprejudgingthespeaker;nMaintainthefreeandopenexpressionofideas篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Giving your first speech-ice-breaker speech:nDeveloping the speech:n1)selectalimitednumberofpoints;n2)makeyourpresentationmysteriousorsuspenseful;n3)usecolorful,descriptiv
16、elanguage;n4)usewittyremarks,jokes,funnysituations,etc篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Organizingthespeech:anintroduction,abodyandaconclusionnIntroduction:n1)openyourspeechwithaquestion,astory,startlingstatement,quotationn2)orientyourlistenerstowardthesubjectmatterofyourspeech;n
17、3)giveaclearsenseofthetopicandpurposeofthespeech.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统nBody:n1)relatetheeventsinthechronologicalortopicalorder;n2)usetransitionstatements;篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统nConclusion:n1)lettheaudienceknowthatyouareabouttofinishyou
18、rspeech;n2)reinforcethemajorthemeofthespeech;n3)trytoendonadramatic,cleverorthought-provokingnote.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Speaking extemporaneouslyn-combinesthecarefulpreparationandstructureofamanuscriptpresentationwiththespontaneityandenthusiasmofanunrehearsedtalk.nPla
19、nyourmajorpointsandsupportingmaterialswithouttryingtomemorizethepreciselanguageyouwilluse.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统nBringafewbriefnotesnWriteorprintkeytermsandphrasesnKeepyournoteslargeenoughnLearntousethefewestnotesRehearsing the speech:Outloud;Askforfeedback;Timeyourspeech.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的,因此,篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Presenting the speech:narelaxedbutuprightposture;nlookoveryouraudienceandsmile;nnaturalandspontaneousgestures;navoidnervousmannerisms;nlookattheaudiencefrequently;neyecontactwitheverylistener;nuseyourvoiceexpressively.