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1、副词为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能1.1.定义定义2.2.副词的分类副词的分类3.3.副词在句子中的位置以及作用副词在句子中的位置以及作用 4.4.一些具体副词的用法和比较一些具体副词的用法和比较5.5.形容词、形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级副词的原级、比较级和最高级为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能副词的定义用来说明事情或动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主
2、义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能副词的分类副词的分类 时间副词时间副词频度副词频度副词 地点地点/方位副词方位副词 程度副词程度副词 方式副词方式副词 疑问疑问/连接副词连接副词 其他副词其他副词 为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能副词在句子中的位置以及作用副词在句子中的位置以及作用：作状语作状语作表语作表语 作定语作定语作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能时间状语 时间副词作状
3、语时间副词作状语：一般放在句首或句尾.注意注意：1 earlyearly、latelate、beforebefore、laterlater、yetyet等一般放在句尾;2 2 already already、justjust一般放在动词的前面。如：We will visit the Great Wall We will visit the Great Wall tomorrowtomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城)/They have/They have alreadyalready been to the UK twice.been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次)
4、/SoonSoon the lost boy found his way back homethe lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能频度状语频度副词作状语频度副词作状语：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimessometimes、oftenoften等还可以放在句首或句尾,usuallyusually可放在句首,onceonce可放在句尾,twicetwice、three timesthree
5、times等一般放在句尾。如：SometimesSometimes I get up early.I get up early.(我有时起得早)/The workers/The workers usuallyusually have lunch at the have lunch at the factory.factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭)/Take this medicine/Take this medicine twicetwice a daya day.(这种药一天吃两次)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育
6、人功能方式状语方式副词作状语方式副词作状语：一般放在行为动之后,suddenlysuddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Old people can hardly walk asOld people can hardly walk as quickly quickly as young as young people.people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快)/SuddenlySuddenly he saw a light in the dark cavehe saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)为深
7、入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能地点状语地点状语地点副词作状语地点副词作状语：一般放在句尾,但herehere、therethere还可放在句首。如：ThereThere you can see thousands of bikes you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(running in all directions(方向方向).).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动)/The frightened wolf ran/The
8、frightened wolf ran awayaway.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)/He walked/He walked outout quietly and turned quietly and turned backback soonsoon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能程度状语程度状语程度副词作状语程度副词作状语：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enoughenough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；onlyonly位置比较灵活
9、,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：I I nearlynearly forgot all about it if he did not forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了)/It was/It was soso strange that I could strange that I could hardlyhardly believe my ears.believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵)/She got to the station
10、early/She got to the station early enoughenough to to catch the first buscatch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能疑问词疑问词疑问副词作状语疑问副词作状语：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如：When and whereWhen and where were you born?were you born?(你何时何地出生？)/WhyWhy did little Edison
11、 sit on some eggs?did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？)/HowHow do you do?do you do?(你好！)注意疑问注意疑问词的顺序词的顺序为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能连接副词连接副词用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。How I am going to kill the catHow I am going to kill the cat is still a is still a question.
12、question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)/That is/That is why everyone is afraid of the why everyone is afraid of the tigertiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)/He wondered/He wondered how he could do it the how he could do it the next daynext day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)连接副词为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能关系副词用来引导定语
13、从句,在从句中作状语。如：This is the place This is the place where Mr Zhang where Mr Zhang once livedonce lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)/Please tell me the way/Please tell me the way how you have how you have learned English so welllearned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)关系副词关系副词为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育
14、大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能其它副词其它副词：tootoo“也”,用在句尾；alsoalso放在动词前；eithereither“也不”,放在句尾；nornor“也不”,放在句首；soso“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/offon/off“开/关”放在动词之后；notnot放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhapsmaybe/perhaps放在句首；certainlycertainly放在句首或动词之前。如：He went to the Palace Museum and I went He went to the Palace Museum
15、and I went there,there,tootoo.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了)/MaybeMaybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里)/-Tom doesn/-Tom doesnt have a computer.t have a computer.NorNor do I.do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能作表语作表语地点
16、副词一般可以作表语,放在bebe等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如：I Im very sorry he isnm very sorry he isnt t i in n at the moment.at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/I have been/I have been awayaway from my hometown for nearly 20 from my hometown for nearly 20 years.years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了)/Jim is over/Jim is over therethere.(吉姆就在那边)为深入学习习
17、近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能作定语作定语时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如：People People nownow often have their festival dinners at often have their festival dinners at restaurants.restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)/Women Women therethere were living a terrible life in the 1920s
18、were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如：Put your dirty Put your dirty sockssocks awayaway,Jim!They,Jim!They are giving out bad smell!are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。)/Father kept him
19、/Father kept him inin and doing his and doing his lessonslessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)注意“动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：He wrote He wrote downdown the word.the word.(他写下了那个词。)He wrote it He wrote it downdown.(他把它写了下来。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能ASASASAS常构成一些词组：as soon asas soon as
20、(一旦就),as well asas well as(同样),asas+形容词/副词+as possibleas possible(尽可能地)。如：Please ring me up Please ring me up as soon asas soon as you get to you get to Beijing.Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)/Miss Gao hurried to the school gate/Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as quickly asas possible.possible
21、.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)注释注释 “as long/much as as long/much as+名词”可以表示“长达/多达”的含义。如：The house costs The house costs as much asas much as five hundred five hundred thousand yuanthousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)/They stayed in the cave /They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long asas long as two two weeksweeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周
22、。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能LATERLATER、AFTERAFTER、AGOAGO、BEFOREBEFORE的“一段时间+later/agolater/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。“after/beforeafter/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。agoago与beforebefore：agoago只能用于过去时,beforebefore用于完成时。如：He had an accident a week He had an accid
23、ent a week agoago.(一周前出了一个事故)/Some years/Some years laterlater,the boy became a very,the boy became a very famous singer.famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/Have you been there/Have you been there before before?(你从前到过那儿吗？)/AfterAfter a few years he gave up smoking.a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了
24、烟。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能ABOVEABOVE、BELOWBELOW、OVEROVER、UNDERUNDER在上下方用aboveabove和belowbelow,在高低处用overover和underunder.如：The stars are high The stars are high above above in the sky.in the sky.(星星高挂在空中)/A plane flew/A plane flew overover quickly quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。)当a
25、boveabove、belowbelow、overover、underunder是介词性质时,意义相似。为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能TOOTOO、ALSOALSO、EITHEREITHER、NORNORtootoo(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；alsoalso(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；eithereither(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nornor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首；如：Are you American,Are you American,tootoo?(你也是美
26、国人吗？)/He is not happy and I am not happy,/He is not happy and I am not happy,eithereither.(他不愉快,我也不。)/He didn/He didnt watch the football game.t watch the football game.NorNor did I.did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)You can You can alsoalso find the market is very find the market is very goodgood.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)
27、为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能ENOUGHENOUGH、TOOTOO、SOSO、VERYVERY、QUITEQUITE、VERY VERY MUCHMUCH的用法：enoughenough(“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；tootoo(“太”)、veryvery(“非常”)、quitequite(“相当”)、soso(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,very muchvery much(“非常”)放在动词之后。如：It Its s too/so/very/quite too/so/very/quite e
28、xpensive.expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)/I don/I dont like sweets t like sweets very much.very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)注意注意 very very与 much much的区别：veryvery修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,muchmuch修饰形容词和副词的比较级；muchmuch还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,veryvery不可以。如：He is He is veryvery stupid.stupid.(他很笨)/The film was/The film was veryvery m
29、oving and everyone swept.moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)/You must work/You must work muchmuch harder or you will fail to enter the harder or you will fail to enter the good school.good school.(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)/I don/I dont like him t like him muchmuch.(我不太喜欢他)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大
30、精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能SOMETIMESSOMETIMES、SOMETIME SOMETIME、SOME TIMES SOME TIMES、SOME TIMESOME TIMEsometimessometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、sometimesometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、some timessome times(数次)表示次数、some timesome time(一些时间)表示一段时间。如：SometimesSometimes they go hiking in the they go hiking in the mountains.m
31、ountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)/I will stay here/I will stay here some timesome time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)/I will meet your father/I will meet your father sometime.sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能HOWHOW、WHATWHAT用于感叹句对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用howhow,对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what.wha
32、t.如：What a fine day(it is)today!What a fine day(it is)today!(今天天气真好！)/How difficult(the problem is)/How difficult(the problem is)!(问题)真难呀！)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能ALREADYALREADY、YETYET在完成时中,alreadyalready一般用于肯定句,yetyet一般用于否定句和疑问句。如：Have you done it Have you done it alr
33、eadyalready?(你已经做好了？)/I have not had my breakfast/I have not had my breakfast yet.yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能HARDHARD与HARDLYHARDLYhardhard作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardlyhardly是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/couldcan/could连用如：They study English They study English very ha
34、rdvery hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)/You can/You can hardly hardly see a person spit in a public place.see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)Work hard 副词Hard work 形容词为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能LIKE.VERY MUCHLIKE.VERY MUCH、LIKE.BETTER(=PREFER)LIKE.BETTER(=PREFER)LIKE.
35、BESTLIKE.BEST三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢”、“更喜欢”、“最喜欢”如：I like baseball I like baseball very muchvery much.(我非常喜欢棒球)/Do you like butter/Do you like butter betterbetter than cheese?than cheese?/They like hamburgers /They like hamburgers best.best.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能“QUITE/WHAT+A+
36、QUITE/WHAT+A+形容词+名词”记住：quite/such/what.+aquite/such/what.+a+形容词+名词;too/so/howtoo/so/how+形容词+a+名词;rather+arather+a+形容词+名词=a+rathera+rather+形容词+名词。如：I have never seen I have never seen suchsuch a strange guy a strange guy(家伙家伙).).(我从未见过这样奇怪的家伙)/It is/It is quite quite a nice day for a walka nice day f
37、or a walk.(这真是散步的好日子)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能HOWHOW 的几个短语how oftenhow often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般时态,对表示频度的词语进行提问；how soonhow soon“多久以后”,用于将来时态；how longhow long“多久”,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态；how many timeshow many times“多少次”,用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问；how muchhow much“多么,多少”,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或
38、金钱进行提问。如：How longHow long have you been like this?have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了？)/How often How often does he wash his facedoes he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸？)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能MUCHMUCH、MOREMORE与MOSMOST这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外,还是程度副词,muchmuch表示“很”,修饰原级，比较级。最高级形/副,mo
39、remore表示“更”用来构成多音节形/副的比较级,mostmost表示“最”用来构成多音节形/副的最高级。此外,much也可以修饰比较级形/副。如：This park is This park is muchmuch moremore beautiful than that beautiful than that one.one.(这个公园比那个漂亮多了)/It is the/It is the mostmost instructive film I have ever seen instructive film I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影)为深入学习
40、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能NO MORENO MORE、NO LONGERNO LONGERNOT.ANY MORENOT.ANY MORE、NO.ANY LONGERNO.ANY LONGER表示时间,可以用no longerno longer、not.ny morenot.ny more、no.any longerno.any longer,而且no longerno longer只能放在谓语动词之前；表示程度,可以用no moreno more、not.any morenot.any more.如：He He no
41、 longerno longer lived there.lived there.(他不再住在那里)/Tom wanted/Tom wanted no moreno more cakes.cakes.(他不想再要蛋糕)/He did/He didn n t t smoke smoke any more/longer.any more/longer.(他不再抽烟)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能 被动语态中,方式副词方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。如：The runner was The runner was ba
42、dlybadly hurt.hurt.(赛跑运动员受了重伤)/English is/English is widely widely spoken in the world todayspoken in the world today.(如今世界上英语说得很广泛)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能TOO.TO.TOO.TO.与SO.THAT.SO.THAT.副词too/sotoo/so后面跟形容词或副词,toto后面跟动词,thatthat后面跟从句。Too.to.Too.to.(“太.以致不”)是否定的结构,用于简单
43、句；so.that.so.that.(“如此以致”)是肯定结构,用于复合句。如：The child is The child is too too young to join the young to join the army.army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)/He is/He is soso strong strong thatthat he can lift the he can lift the heavy boxheavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子。)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能既是
44、形容词也是副词early,late,long,last,next,first,near,early,late,long,last,next,first,near,enough,much,all,hard,alone,fast,enough,much,all,hard,alone,fast,slow,high,low,straightslow,high,low,straight等等。如：It was a It was a longlong holiday.holiday.(那是个长假)/He stayed there very/He stayed there very longlong.(他在那
45、儿呆了好久)/Think/Think hardhard then you will find a way.then you will find a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)/He is a very/He is a very hard hard(难对付的)person person.(他是个难玩的家伙)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能FARTHERFARTHER与FURTHERFURTHER表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为“更远、较远”,但是furtherfurther还表示“更多、进一步、额外”等意
46、思,此时不能换为fartherfarther.如：They decided to go They decided to go farther/further farther/further the next day.the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)/This problem will be/This problem will be furtherfurther discussed.discussed.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)/Every one of them had their/Every one of them had their furtherfurther st
47、udies after they left collegestudies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能RATHERRATHER与QUITEQUITE同veryvery一样,两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度,quitequite表示“不到最高程度但是比预料的好”,ratherrather比quitequite更接近veryvery的含义,含有令人惊讶的意思。见下图对“nicenice”程度的描绘：not nice (fairly)nice
48、 quite nice not nice (fairly)nice quite nice rather nice very nicerather nice very nice 如：It Its s quite a nice filmquite a nice film.(这是部好片子)。(可能意味着不是一部最好的电影)/It Its s rather a nice filmrather a nice film.(这是部很不错的电影。)(意味着比大多数电影都好)注意注意 注意quite与rather后面的次序词序。为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充
49、分发挥中小学图书室育人功能MAYBEMAYBE、POSSIBLYPOSSIBLY、PERHAPSPERHAPSmaybemaybe“可能、也许”,比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大；possiblypossibly“可能地、或者、也许”,可能性较大,在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何”；perhapsperhaps“可能”,较为常用而且正式,可能性也不大。如：You could put it over there,You could put it over there,maybemaybe.(也许你可以把它放在那边)/I couldn/I couldnt t possibly possib
50、ly have finished such a long have finished such a long book in such a short time.book in such a short time.(我不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么长的一本书)/I thought/I thought perhapsperhaps it was the letter you have it was the letter you have been expecting.been expecting.(我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件)为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国