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1、从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。What qualities(品质)should a good friend have?从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市
2、地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。What qualities(品质品质)should a good friend have?responsiblehonestbravegenerouspatientselflessconsiderateKindheartedOpen-mindeddiligenthelpfulhumorous从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。相关名言相关名言A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。Afriendinneedisaf
3、riendindeed.患难见真情。Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.得朋友难,失朋友易Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.需要之时方知友。Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.没有十全十美的朋友Ahedgebetweenkeepsfriendshipgreen.君子之交淡如水。Afaithfulfriendisthemedicineoflife.真诚的朋友如一剂生活的良药。Friendshipisessentiallyapartnership.友谊说到底就是好伙伴。Whatisafriend?Asi
4、nglesouldwellingintwobodies.朋友是什么?两幅躯壳拥有同一个灵魂。Afriendlovesatalltimes.朋友爱心无时不在。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。Do you know her name?Anne Frank从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。Background This is a true story.It took place in This
5、 is a true story.It took place in Amsterdam,HollandAmsterdam,Holland in the early 1940s after in the early 1940s after the the German Nazis German Nazis had occupied most of had occupied most of Europe.The Nazi Party ruled Germany from Europe.The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945.One of the
6、ir key policies was to 1933 to 1945.One of their key policies was to kill all the Jews kill all the Jews in Europe.If any persons in Europe.If any persons known to be Jews were found,they would be known to be Jews were found,they would be sent to sent to concentration campsconcentration camps farthe
7、r east,farther east,mostly in Poland.Families were separated and mostly in Poland.Families were separated and transported intransported in trainstrains.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。奥斯维辛集中营奥斯维辛集中营第二次世界大战第二次世界大战希特勒希特勒种族灭绝种族灭绝从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开
8、式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。concentration camp从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。For many days,they went For many days,they went without without food,water or fresh air.food,water or fresh air.To avoid this To avoid this terrible fate,some Jewish families went t
9、errible fate,some Jewish families went into hiding,often with the help of non-into hiding,often with the help of non-Jewish friends.This diary was written Jewish friends.This diary was written during the time when Anne and her during the time when Anne and her family moved to family moved to escape
10、from being killed escape from being killed by Nazis.by Nazis.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。Annes father:Otto FrankAnnes mother:Mrs.FrankAnne FrankAnnes older sister:MargotPeter,who lived with the Franks in the atticMain characters从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾
11、构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。They stayed on the top floor,with curtains drawn so as not to attract unwanted attention.curtainattic从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。2.Now observe the text carefully to find out:It contains two parts.One part is one page of A
12、nnes diary,the other one is the background knowledge about Anne and her diary.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。1.Read the first part of the reading section and answer these questions:Who was Annes best friend?When did the story happen?Her diaryKitty.During World W
13、ar II.Skimming从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。2.Join the correct parts of the sentences.1.Anne kept a diary because2.She felt very lonely because3.They have to hide because4.Anne named her diary Kitty becauseA.she couldnt meet her friends.B.Jews were caught by Na
14、zis and put away.C.she could tell everything to it.D.she wanted it to be her best friend.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。1.laughat因而发笑;嘲笑;蔑视;对满不在乎 有关笑的单词:Smile是微笑;Laugh常表示出声的笑;Giggle格格地笑;Grin露齿而笑;Chuckle含笑,轻声笑;Snicker忍笑;暗笑(通常有不敬的成分);Roar哄笑,大笑;Taunt嘲笑 从使用情况来看,闭胸式的
15、使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。2.since 的用法(1)1)接时间点:如接时间点:如 I have stayed in that country since I have stayed in that country since 1995.1995.要求:谓要求:谓v.v.用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词。用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词。(2)(2)接一段时间接一段时间 +ago+ago:如:如 They have lived in that They have lived in that house si
16、nce two years ago.house since two years ago.要求:谓要求:谓v.v.用现在完成时,用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词。而且须是延续性动词。(3)(3)接时间状语从句:如接时间状语从句:如 I have loved her since I met I have loved her since I met her last time./Lily has stayed at home since she her last time./Lily has stayed at home since she left school.left school.要求:主句
17、的谓要求:主句的谓v.v.用现在完成时,而且须是用现在完成时,而且须是延延续性动词续性动词;(4)(4)用于句型用于句型“Its/It has been+Its/It has been+一段时间一段时间 +since+since+时间状语从句时间状语从句”中,译作中,译作“自从自从以来以来,已经已经(时间时间)了了”。如。如 Its/has been three months since he moved Its/has been three months since he moved to this city.to this city.要求:主句的谓要求:主句的谓v.v.用一般现在时或现在完
18、成时;用一般现在时或现在完成时;从句的谓从句的谓v.v.用一般过去时,而且须是终止性动词用一般过去时,而且须是终止性动词。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。(5)(5)用于句型用于句型“一段时间一段时间 +has passed since+has passed since+时间状语从时间状语从句句”中,译作中,译作“自从自从以来,以来,(时间时间)已经过去了已经过去了”。如上个例。如上个例句还可写成:句还可写成:Three months has passed since he moved T
19、hree months has passed since he moved to this city.to this city.(6)(6)注:当注:当sincesince用于否定句时,主句的谓用于否定句时,主句的谓v.v.可以是终止性动词。可以是终止性动词。如如 He hasnt seen the film since last month.He hasnt seen the film since last month.(7)(7)相关词组:相关词组:“从那时起从那时起”:ever sinceever since、since thensince then、from then on.from
20、then on.注:注:ever sinceever since作为一个词组,放句尾可单独使用。如作为一个词组,放句尾可单独使用。如I have I have given up smoking ever since.given up smoking ever since.另外,还可在另外,还可在sincesince后接句子。后接句子。sincesince前加前加everever,只是加重语气,只是加重语气而已。如而已。如 I have given up smoking ever since I caught a I have given up smoking ever since I caug
21、ht a bad cough.bad cough.(8)since(8)since还可引导原因状语从句,译作还可引导原因状语从句,译作“由于;因为由于;因为”,相当,相当于于becausebecause。如。如 Since he was lazy,he didnt finish his Since he was lazy,he didnt finish his homework.homework.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。3.grow/be crazy about对对.十分狂热,十分
22、痴迷十分狂热,十分痴迷Heiscrazyaboutpopularmusic.4.somethin/anything/everything to do with与与.有有关关Sheguessedthattheletterhadsomethingtodowithherhusband.Theyareshouting.Itmustbesomethingtodowithmoney.相反:相反:nothing to do with 与与.无关无关Whathedidisnothingtodowithstudy.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市
23、地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。5.far 常与too 或形容词的比较级连用,意为“过于;.得多”The room is far too much dark that I can see nothing.The ticket is far more expensive that I cant afford.从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。6.dare 6.dare 的用法的用法1)dare用作实义动词,此时其后的动词不定式可带to也可不带to,且dare有人称和数以及时态的变化。例
24、如:I dare to jump down from the top of the wall.我敢从那墙头上跳下来。She doesnt dare(to)meet her teachers eyes.她不敢与老师对视。2)dare用作情态动词,后跟动词原形,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。例如:How dare she do things like that to me?她怎么敢对我做那种事?-Dare you catch the mouse?你敢去抓那只老鼠吗?-I darent do that.我不敢抓。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但
25、在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。7.happentodo碰巧,偶然(做某事)=dosthby chance/by accident8.untiluntil“直到”,表示某一种行为一直持续到某一时间。用在肯定句中,谓语动词可延续性的。not.until“直到.才”表示直到某一时间,某一行为才发生,之前该行为并没有发生.用在否定句中,主句中的谓语可以是短暂性动词。1.IstudiedEnglishuntil9oclocklastnight.2.IdidnotstudyEnglishuntil9oclocklastnight.1.我咋晚学英语一直学到9点钟.(表示9点前一直在学
26、)2.我咋晚直到9点钟才学英语.(表示9点才开始学)从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。9.It isthat 9.It isthat 表强调表强调定义:强调句型是通过it强调词来改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分受到强调而构成的强调结构2、基本结构:(1)陈述句的强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其它部分。强调句可以强调除谓语以外的一切成分。I met Li Ming at the railway station yes
27、terday.强调主语:It was I that(who)met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语:It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语:It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station 从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压
28、式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。I bought a new book at the book store this morning.强调主语It was I that bought a new book at the book store this morning.强调宾语It was a new book that I bought at the book store this morning.强调地点状语It was at the book store that I bought a new book this morning.强调时间状语
29、It was this morning that I bought a new book at the book store 从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。区别于定语从句ItisintheparkthatImethim.Itistheparkwhere(inwhich)Imethim.10.某人第一次做某事Itisthefirsttime.thatsbhasdonesthItwasthefirsttimethatsbhaddonesth从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。Thank you!