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1、认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目专八作文应试秘籍专八作文应试秘籍1认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目一一 考试大纲(新变化)考试大纲(新变化)时间:时间:45分钟。分钟。字数:字数:400单词。单词。一:考试概述一:考试概述2认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目二:二:作文评分作文评分1.评分标准:评分标准:内容内容(content)结构结构(o
2、rganization)语言语言(language)2.评分方法:整体评分法评分方法:整体评分法(global scoring)。3认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目三:三:命题分析1.命题组成命题组成l提供文章相关的背景和提示,给出题目或要求学生根据相关的背景和提示自拟题目l(以以2008年真题为例:年真题为例:In a few months time you are going to gra
3、duate from university.How do you think your college years have prepared you for your future life?Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic)l对文章结构提出要求,包括在引言部分点题,在正文部分用相关细节论述,在结尾部分做自然概括。(In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument,and in the second part y
4、ou should support your argument with appropriate details.In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary).l说明评分标准(Marks will be awarded for content,organizations,grammar and appropriateness.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a los
5、s of marks).52.命题范围命题范围 2011年:年:Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons?2009年:年:Are dialects just as acceptable in public places?2008年:年:What I have learned from years at university2007年:自拟,谈谈贫富差距是否影响友谊年:自拟,谈谈贫富差距是否影响友谊.2006年:年:On Ambition2005
6、年:自拟,谈谈你对面试的看法。年:自拟,谈谈你对面试的看法。2004年:年:Should University Students Go in for Business?2003年:自拟,与以前时代的人相比,讨论当今中国的年轻人是否更年:自拟,与以前时代的人相比,讨论当今中国的年轻人是否更以自我为中心,缺乏同情心。以自我为中心,缺乏同情心。2002年:年:The Most Important Personality of a University Student2001年:补充题目年:补充题目The Impact of the Internet on_.2000年:年:Education as
7、a Lifelong Process1999年:年:Competition or Cooperation1998年:年:One Major Problem in the Process of Urbanization1997年:年:Sowing the Seeds,Nurturing Growth and Harvesting the Rewards1996年:年:In Support of Dormitory Policy6认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目 3.命题范围命题范围社会热点问题社会热点问题l包括
8、就业、环境、能源、媒体、交通、婚姻、伪劣商品、包括就业、环境、能源、媒体、交通、婚姻、伪劣商品、犯罪等。犯罪等。l学校生活学校生活l学习方法、课堂活动、体育、人际关系、讲座、军训等。学习方法、课堂活动、体育、人际关系、讲座、军训等。l科技科技l电脑、克隆、空间科学、交通工具、海洋资源、能源利用电脑、克隆、空间科学、交通工具、海洋资源、能源利用等。等。l个人兴趣个人兴趣l业余爱好、生活方式、时尚、旅行等。业余爱好、生活方式、时尚、旅行等。l青少年问题青少年问题l代沟、吸烟、理想、职业、减负等。代沟、吸烟、理想、职业、减负等。7认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国
9、家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目四:写作步骤及时间分配四:写作步骤及时间分配l写作阶段:写作阶段:以准确有效的语言语言呈现内容内容和结构结构,用时30分钟分钟。l前写作阶段:前写作阶段:以标题式大纲大纲确定内容和结构,用时58分钟分钟。l后写作阶段:后写作阶段:检查并改正错误,美化语言,用时25分钟分钟。Pre-WritingWritingPost-Writing8认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1.Pre-writing高效审题目前专八写作项目形成自己的特色。这个特色就是项目内的几个部分(观
10、点/情景、标题、写作要求)具有内在的联系,从而构成一个整体,因此审题就意味着不仅仅是浏览一个标题,而是还要兼顾其他部分。只有这样才能明确写作的目的,领会写作的要求)认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目专八写作题目解析专八写作题目解析l2011真题:真题:Accordingtoarecentnewspaper,manyfamoussitesofhistoricalinterestinChinahavebegunorareconsideringtouristshigherentryfeesduringpeaktrav
11、elseasons.Thishasarousedalotofpublicattentionandalsopublicdebate.Whatisyouropinion?ShouldfamousChinesesitesofhistoricalinterestchargehigherfeesduringpeaktravelseasons?Writeanessayofabout400words.Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyouressay.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目
12、2010年真题认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目2009年真题认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目l2008年真题年真题:In a few months time you are going to graduate from university.How do you think your college years have prepared you for your future life?Write an essay of
13、about 400 words on the following topic:What I Have Learned from My Years at University认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目l2007年真题年真题:Some people think that financial disparity affects friendship.What do you think?Write an essay of about 400 words.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病
14、除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目l2006年真题年真题:Joseph Epstein,a famous American writer,once said,We decide what is important and what is trivial in life.We decide(so)that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do.But no matter how different the universe may be to our choices
15、and decisions,these choices and decisions are ours to make.We decide.We choose.And as we decide and choose,so are our lives formed.In the end,forming our own destiny is what ambition is about.Do you agree or disagree with him?Write an essay of about 400 words entitled:On Ambition认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对
16、症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目l专八写作任务类型(议论文和说明文为主):第一类:是否同意某一观点;第二类:两个观点选择一个;第三类:解释事物或现象的因或果;第四类:就某问题或现象提出建议。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目列好作文提纲lTopic outline Title:The Advantages of Taking a Part-time Job 1.Introduction:Therearemanyadvantagesoftakingapart-time
17、jobforcollegestudents.(Thesisstatement)2.Theadvantagesoftakingapart-timejobA.BeingeconomicallyindependentB.HavingmoresocialexperienceC.Beinghelpfultotheiracademicstudies3.Conclusion:Beingbeneficialtothecollegestudents17认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目lSentence OutlineTitle
18、:The Advantages of Taking a Part-time Job1.Introduction:Therearemanyadvantagesoftakingapart-timejobforcollegestudents.(Thesisstatement)2.Takingapart-timejobcandocollegestudentsalotgood.A.Collegestudentscanbeeconomicallyindependentbytakingapart-timejob.B.Collegestudentscangainmoresocialexperiencebyta
19、kingapart-timejob.C.Collegestudentscanimprovetheir academicstudiesbytakingapart-timejob.3.Conclusion:Takingapart-timejobisbeneficialtothecollegestudents18认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目la rough outline(简易提纲)(简易提纲)Example:Thesis statement:Going to college is expensive.Tuit
20、ion and other fees Books and suppliesTransportation costs19认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目2.wrinting开头写好引言段开头写好引言段引言段功能:引言段功能:l基本:引出文章话题(topic)l基本:表明文章目的(说明文)或观点(议论文)l进阶:暗示文章结构l高级:激发读者兴趣20认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目引言段第一部分:吸引兴趣引言段第一部分:吸引兴趣1
21、 数字数字Everydaymillionsofjob-huntersintheworldwritelettersofapplicationwishingthattheywouldbegivenachanceofinterview.数字使人感到不是在空谈,能给人真实可信的感觉。在实际考试时数字可以适当夸张以达到出人意料的效果。21认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目 2问题问题 Why have I chosen to attend college?Is the four-year academic life wo
22、rthwhile?After pondering these questions on many occasions,I have finally reached the conclusion that college education is something I truly want to do and it is worthwhile.在文章开始向读者提问,读者回答问题时便是在阅读我们的文章。通常问题是设问句,问题答案即是文章的话题。注意问题不能太傻,也不能太多,最多不超过三个。22认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“
23、精准扶贫”项目3 引语引语“Success comes not only from perspiration and inspiration,but also from satisfactory performance in interviews,”commented Dr.Kenly in his book.l引用名人名言或者专家的话或者谚语等,可以是与中心思想相一致的,也可以是具有争议的,都可以吸引读者眼球。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目引言段第二部分:引出话题引言段第二部分:引出话题l1 开门见山开门
24、见山Nowadays interview is becoming more and more important in recruitment.l从基本功能出发,引言段可以直接表明文章的主题。这种方法虽然简单,但容易显得唐突,而且使文章内容显得单薄,使作者思想显得贫乏,所以要慎用。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目2 收网收网WiththedevelopmentofmarketeconomyinChina,moreandmorecompanieshavecomeintobeing.Whentheyneedtot
25、akeupmorepeople,employersusuallyselectthroughinterviews.Similarly,whenpeopleneedtofindajob,theyalsoneedtoperformwellininterviews.Therefore,interviewisbecomingincreasinglyimportantinthemodernsociety.l这种方法通常由一个宽泛的、读者认同的事实开始,逐步把读者的注意力引向文章要讨论的话题。前面的开头相当于铺垫,给读者一种自然而然的感觉。使用这种方式的关键是网要撒得宽。收网不能太快,否则显得突兀;也不能拖
26、泥带水,否则文章会有跑题的危险。建议最多用三句话收网。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目3 驳论驳论ManyofusmayagreethatChinaisasocietyrelyingheavilyonguanxi,orrelationship.Wemayallhavetheexperienceofhavingtoresorttocertainrelationshipinordertogetsomethingdone,tofindagoodjob,forexample.Butwiththedevelopment
27、ofmarketeconomy,recruitmentsconductedmoreandmoreonthebasisofinterviewratherthanonvariouspersonalconnections.l先说出一种与本文观点相反但读者可能会认同的观点,然后话锋一转,指出这种观点是错误的,并亮出自己的观点。在这种方式中,要用好转折衔接手段,给读者留下良好的第一印象。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目4 其他其他可以采取讲故事的方式,但相对来讲不如前三种简洁高效。有些考生喜欢直接引用题目中的提示部分,
28、以确保紧扣主题,但这样可能得不偿失,因为沿用题目内容不但有投机之嫌,或者阅卷老师认为考生独立写作水平有限,而且会有不少考生使用这种开头方式,也使作文有千篇一律之感,所以这种方式也不推荐。例如:lNowadays interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees.As a result,there have been many arguments for or against it as a selection procedure.Some people regard it
29、as a good way to select employees within a short time while others think it is not proper to decide on a person just by interview.Both of them have some truth.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目引言段第三部分:引言段第三部分:提出观点,暗示结构提出观点,暗示结构l这个部分必须有两方面内容,一是文章的这个部分必须有两方面内容,一是文章的话题,二是作者的观点或
30、看法。话题,二是作者的观点或看法。l与此相对应,与此相对应,thesis statement也可分成两也可分成两部分,一是部分,一是topic,一是,一是controlling idea。例如:例如:认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1)I believe that interview is very beneficial.2)Obviously,interview has been crucial to ensure the quality of employees.3)In my opinion,inter
31、view has become very important for both employees and employers.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目2.写好文章正文部分写好文章正文部分The body正文段功能:用一定的细节来支持引言段中提出的中心思想。正文段是文章中最重要部分,其质量直接决定文章的论述质量。题目中要求提供细节,但实际写作时,正文段并不是直接提供细节,而是先将论据划分为三个方面,每个方面包含一个要点,再提供细节证明这些要点,而这些要点结合起来即可证明中心观点。30认识到了贫困户贫困
32、的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目主题句主题句写好主题句对正文段的成功至关重要。主题句与中心思想句相似,由两部分构成:subject+focus。好的主题句要有 limited subject(主题范围适度)和 sharp focus(中心内容突出)。例如:认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目I believe that interview can be very beneficial.lInterview provides crucial inf
33、ormation for both parties involved.lInterview offers a broad selection for both interviewers and interviewees.lInterview embodies an important principle of the modern society:fairness.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目主题句的顺序:主题句的顺序:l1 按照重要性。既可使用由轻到重的升序,也可以采用由重到轻的降序。总的来说,中国模式
34、更倾向于前者,把最重要的放最后,而欧美思维方式更倾向于后者,最重要的放在最前面。l2 按所涉及的话题。有时候两三个主题句之间很难分出孰轻孰重,就只要分别把这些主题句拓展充分就可以了。比如中心思想句为 Interview is beneficial both to the employers and to employees,那正文部分就分两段,分别探讨对招聘方和求职方各自的好处即可。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目正文段写法小结正文段写法小结正文段应该以主题句开始,而不是细节句。主题句的subject应与全文
35、的保持一致,以确保文章不跑题和全文内容的连贯性。主题句合在一起应该能支持全文的中心思想句。正文段除主题句以外的支持句应该分组,每组对应一个论据,不能出现不想关联的句子。正文段的内容要按照合理顺序安排,以保证文章的通顺。认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Transitional ExpressionslTo show addition:lagain,and,also,besides,equally important,first(second,etc.),further,furthermore,in additi
36、on,in the first place,last but not leastlTo give examples:lfor example,for instance,in fact,specifically,that is,to illustrate,as an illustration,in other words,such as,namely lmoreover,next,too,more importantly,35认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Transitional ExpressionslTo
37、 compare:also,in the same manner,likewise,similarly lTo contrast:although,and yet,at the same time,but,despite,even though,however,in contrast,in spite of,nevertheless,on the contrary,on the other hand,still,though,yet 36认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Transitional Express
38、ionslTo summarize or conclude:all in all,in conclusion,in other words,in short,in summary,on the whole,that is,therefore,to sum up lTo show time:after,afterward,as,as long as,as soon as,at last,before,during,earlier,finally,formerly,immediately,later,meanwhile,next,since,shortly,subsequently,then,th
39、ereafter,until,when,while 37认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Transitional ExpressionslTo show place or direction:above,below,beyond,close,elsewhere,farther on,here,nearby,opposite,to the left(north,etc.)lTo indicate logical relationship(to show cause and effect):accordingly
40、,as a result,because,consequently,for this reason,hence,if,otherwise,since,so,then,therefore,thus 38认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目写好结尾部分写好结尾部分l结尾部分应该写得简洁明确、发人深结尾部分应该写得简洁明确、发人深省,突出强调文章的主旨。省,突出强调文章的主旨。l避免在结尾部分提出新的未加说明或避免在结尾部分提出新的未加说明或论证的主题论证的主题39认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药
41、到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1复述式复述式However,in my opinion,I would rather place confidence in the first place.But why?To sum up,I want to say,being confident is not a clich but an ongoing task for every potential winner.(2002The Most Important Personal Quality of a University student)40认识到了贫困户贫困的根
42、本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目(2003)Love,and Then Be LovedWith the development of science and technology,remarkable changes have taken place in our life.Some changes are good while others are not.One of these unwelcome changes is that individualism has come to be accepted among you
43、ng people.Young people today are in general more self-centered and unsympathetic than older generations although many young people dont see this way.(实事描述法引出话题,提出自己的观点,即论点句。)Thats way I draw such a conclusion that young people today are more self-centered and unsympathetic than older generations.Its
44、 necessary for us young people to learn from them:love and then be loved.After all,individualism can only be permitted without the sacrifice of others.(重述观点并提出建议)41认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目2.展望式展望式Living in the suburbs is becoming a predominant pattern,and with the
45、improvement of traffic and the perfection of services,it will prove to hold great superiority over city life.(Why do I Choose to Live I the Suburbs)42认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目3建议式建议式lGenerally speaking,the disadvantages of private tutoring overweigh the advantages.T
46、herefore,greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice,on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupils potentialities.Only in this way can a new generation be healthily brought up.(提出建提出建议议)(The Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Tutoring)43认识到了贫困户贫困
47、的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目4警示式警示式lIf we dont ease our school childrens burden now,just imagine what would become of our children in a few years:their eyes short-sighted,their backs hunched,they are nothing but book worms(指出后果指出后果)。Therefore,easing our childrens burden is not
48、only a necessity,but a must.(Ease Burden of Our School Children)44认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Some problems in writing a conclusion1)Shout empty sloganslDo it now!lNo electricity,no power,no world,no future,no human beings!2)Show ones determinationlIm determined to ove
49、rcome any difficulties and study English better in the future!lI must do my best to make our city greener!)Give a simple summarylSo,I think that making our city greener is very important.lTherefore,no electricity should be wasted.45认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才能开始对症下药,然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视,已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目用地道语言写地道作
50、文用地道语言写地道作文1)选择词化度高的表达方式)选择词化度高的表达方式词化是指一个短语或句子在使用过程中逐渐凝固成一个词或词项,如词化是指一个短语或句子在使用过程中逐渐凝固成一个词或词项,如“enjoy”一词,所表达的意义是一词,所表达的意义是“享受享受的乐趣的乐趣”。这种用一个词表达一。这种用一个词表达一个短语的含义的表达法叫做综合型表达法,个短语的含义的表达法叫做综合型表达法,相反,对于同一个概念,若用短语相反,对于同一个概念,若用短语来表达则是分析性表达法。综合性表达法就是词化了的表达法。比较英汉两种来表达则是分析性表达法。综合性表达法就是词化了的表达法。比较英汉两种语言,我们发现,汉