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1、World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022World Intellectual Property Indicators20222This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.The user is allowed to reproduce,distribute,adapt,translate and publicly perform this publicatio
2、n,including for commercial purposes,without explicit permission,provided that the content is accompanied by an acknowledgement that WIPO is the source and that it is clearly indicated if changes were made to the original content.Suggested citation:World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)(2022)
3、.World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022.Geneva.WIPO.DOI:10.34667/tind.47082Adaptation/translation/derivatives should not carry any official emblem or logo,unless they have been approved and validated by WIPO.Please contact us via the WIPO website to obtain permission.For any derivative work,ple
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5、ntent is solely responsible for clearing the rights with the right holder(s).To view a copy of this license,please visit https:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Any dispute arising under this license that cannot be settled amicably shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with Arbitration R
6、ules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law(UNCITRAL)then in force.The parties shall be bound by any arbitration award rendered as a result of such arbitration as the final adjudication of such a dispute.The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this
7、publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WIPO concerning the legal status of any country,territory or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.This publication is not intended to reflect the views of the Member S
8、tates or the WIPO Secretariat.The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WIPO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.WIPO,2022First published 2022World Intellectual Property Organization34,chemin
9、des Colombettes,P.O.Box 18CH-1211 Geneva 20,SwitzerlandISBN:978-92-805-3426-7(print)ISBN:978-92-805-3463-4(online)ISSN:2709-5193(print)ISSN:2709-5207(online)Attribution 4.0 International(CC BY 4.0)Cover:WIPO3ContentsForeword 4Acknowledgments 6Further information 6Key numbers 7Patents 8Highlights 9Pa
10、tent statistics 20Trademarks 57Highlights 58Trademark statistics 66Industrial designs 94Highlights 95Industrial design statistics 102Plant varieties 126Highlights 127Plant variety statistics 131Geographical indications 141Highlights 142Creative economy 148Highlights 149Creative economy statistics 15
11、5Additional information 165Data description 166IP systems at a glance 169Glossary 174Abbreviations 182Annexes 1834Foreword Emmanuel Berrod/WIPODaren Tang,Director General,World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)This years World Intellectual Property Indicators(WIPI)report reveals strong growth
12、 in intellectual property(IP)filings in 2021,as entrepreneurship,technology,innovation and digitalization continue to drive forward national and global growth.Patent applications grew by 3.6%last year.Trademark and industrial design filing activity grew by even more 5.5%and 9.2%,respectively.And wor
13、ldwide IP filings reached an all-time high,with 3.4 million patent applications,13.9 million trademark applications(specifying 18.1 million classes)and applications for 1.5 million designs filed last year.This is consistent with the fact that 2021 was a year of robust recovery in many parts of the w
14、orld.The global economy grew by 6%last year,the fastest rate of increase in more than four decades.It also reflects the multi-faceted consequences of the COVID-19 crisis.On the one hand,the pandemic triggered extreme disruption across large swathes of the global economy.On the other hand,it proved t
15、o be a 5World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022potent and powerful accelerator of certain economic sectors and trends.This was especially true when it came to new and frontier technologies,with businesses and governments around the world identifying digitalization and innovation as key avenues o
16、f future growth.To underscore this,the report finds that even at the height of the pandemic in 2020 patent filings relating to computer technology grew by over 13%,cementing this area as the most frequently featured technology in published patent applications worldwide.Indeed,taken together,the five
17、 largest fields for patent applications computer technology,electrical machinery,measurement,digital communications and medical technology now account for a third of all applications globally,up five percentage points from a decade ago.Similarly,research and technology is the top sector in which app
18、licants sought trademark protection abroad last year,accounting for one in five global non-resident filings.Next are health,clothing and accessories,and leisure and education,all areas where the relationship between brands and consumers is being reshaped by the digital acceleration.By illuminating k
19、ey growth sectors and headline indicators,as well as providing a whole range of analysis relating to IP activities,we hope that the reports rich dataset will function as a practical tool for policymakers,IP professionals,industry,academia,and other stakeholders around the world.Robust and reliable d
20、ata has always been the bedrock of effective policymaking and has a direct bearing on the ability of governments and authorities to design and implement measures that help make IP a powerful catalyst for growth.Such data takes on added importance during periods of global economic turbulence,serving
21、as an invaluable tool for charting a course through powerful headwinds.Therefore we are grateful to our partners in 150 national and regional IP offices for supporting this report and our work at WIPO.We hope that this years WIPI will help Member States navigate an uncertain global environment while
22、 continuing to generate economic and social impact through innovation,creativity and IP.6AcknowledgmentsWorld Intellectual Property Indicators 2022 was prepared under the direction of Daren Tang(Director General)in the IP and Innovation Ecosystems Sector led by Marco Aleman(Assistant Director Genera
23、l),and supervised by Carsten Fink(Chief Economist).The report was prepared by Kyle Bergquist,Mosahid Khan,Ryan Lamb,Bruno Le Feuvre and Hao Zhou,all from the Department for Economics and Data Analytics.Peter Button and Ariane Besse of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Pl
24、ants(UPOV)provided comments and suggestions for the plant varieties section.Alexandra Grazioli and Matteo Gragnani of the Brands and Designs Sector provided comments and suggestions for the geographical indications section.Gratitude is also due to Enrico Turrin of the Federation of the European Publ
25、ishers for sharing some of the creative economy data.Samiah Do Carmo Figueiredo and Jovana Stojanovi provided administrative support.Gratitude is also due to the Information and Digital Outreach Division for the editing and design and to staff in the Printing Plant for their services.Further informa
26、tionOnline resourcesThe electronic version of this report and the underlying data can be downloaded at www.wipo.int/ipstats.This webpage also provides a link to the IP Statistics Data Center,offering access to WIPOs statistical data.Contact informationStatistics and Data Analytics DivisionWebsite:ww
27、w.wipo.int/ipstatse-mail:ipstats.mailwipo.int7Key numbersPatents20202021Growth rate(%)Share of world total(%)Applications worldwide3,281,9003,401,1003.6100.0China1,497,1591,585,6635.946.6US597,172591,4731.017.4Japan288,472289,2000.38.5Utility modelsApplications worldwide3,000,1002,924,4902.5100.0Chi
28、na2,926,6332,852,2192.597.5Germany12,31810,57614.10.4Russian Federation9,1959,0791.30.3TrademarksApplication class counts worldwide17,193,80018,145,1005.5100.0China9,345,7109,454,7941.252.1US870,276899,6783.45.0EUIPO(EU office)438,469497,54213.52.7Industrial designsApplication design counts worldwid
29、e1,387,8001,515,2009.2100.0China770,362805,7104.653.2EUIPO(EU office)113,195117,0493.47.7UK32,73374,781128.54.9Plant varietiesApplications worldwide22,62025,34012.0100.0China8,96011,19524.944.2Community Plant Variety Office(EU)3,4273,4801.513.7US1,4321,90232.87.5Source:WIPO Statistics Database,Septe
30、mber 2022.Patents9Global patent applications returned to pre-Covid-19 levels in 2021Innovators around the world filed 3.4 million patent applications in 2021,slightly higher than the pre-COVID peak of 3.3 million filed in 2018(figure 1.1).Patent applications worldwide grew by 3.6%in 2021 compared to
31、 2020.This follows an increase of 1.5%in 2020 which came after a 3%drop in 2019.A substantial rise in filings by China,which made 88,504 more applications than it did in 2020,combined with robust contributions from the intellectual property(IP)office of the Republic of Korea(11,239 additional applic
32、ations)and the European Patent Office(EPO)(8,432),was the main driver of growth in 2021.The IP offices of India(4,802)and South Africa(4,272)also made notable contributions to overall growth.Patent applications filed worldwide grew by 3.6%in 20211.1.Patent applications worldwide,2007202101,000,0002,
33、000,0003,000,0004,000,000Applications200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021Application yearSource:Figure A1.The 3.4 million applications filed worldwide comprised 2.4 million resident filings(70.1%of the total)and 1 million non-resident filings(29.9%).Following a 2.3%decrease a
34、t the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020,non-resident filings grew by 4.7%in 2021.Resident filings increased by 3.2%in 2021 the same rate of growth as in 2020.The long-term trend in patent applications worldwide is upwards,applications having doubled from approximately 1 million in 1995 to arou
35、nd 2 million by 2010,and reached the 3 million mark by 2016.A big increase in resident filings in China has also led to a substantial drop in the share of non-resident filings worldwide,declining from 38.1%in 2010 to 29.9%in 2021(figure A2).China received 1.59 million patent applications in 2021,mor
36、e than double the number received by the United States of AmericaThe National Intellectual Property Administration of the Peoples Republic of China(CNIPA)received 1.59 million patent applications in 2021,up 5.9%on 2020.1 The volume of applications received by CNIPA is similar in magnitude to the com
37、bined total of the next 12 offices ranked from second to 13th in figure A7.The United States Patent and Trademark Office(USPTO)with 591,473 applications ranked second,followed by the Japan Patent Office(JPO)(289,200),the Korean Intellectual Property Office(KIPO)(237,998)and the European Patent Offic
38、e(EPO)(188,778).Together,the top five offices accounted for 85.1%of the world total in 2021,6.6 percentage points higher than their combined share a decade earlier in 2011.This is entirely due to an unprecedented growth in 1 Patent applications data refer to invention patents and do not include util
39、ity model(UM)applications.UM applications data are reported separately(see figures A4850).In the United States of America,invention patents are referred to as“utility patents,”which are not be confused with utility models.Highlights10World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022filings in China.Chinas
40、 share of the world total has almost doubled,from 24.4%in 2011 to 46.6%in 2021.By contrast,each of the other four offices in the top five experienced a decrease in their respective shares during the same period.The composition and ranking of the top five IP offices globally has remained unchanged si
41、nce 2011.The list of IP offices occupying sixth to 10th spots has likewise remained the same,but with slight changes in the respective rankings.India,Canada and Australia have moved up one spot to sixth,eighth and ninth,respectively,in 2021,while Germany dropped down a position to seventh and the Ru
42、ssian Federation fell two places to 10th(figure 1.2).Within the top 10 offices,there is a substantial variation in the source of applications(figure A7).For example,non-resident applicants accounted for nine out of 10 applications received by the IP office of Australia,but only one in 10 application
43、s received by the IP office of China.Along with the IP office of Australia(90.8%),the offices of Canada(87.3%),the EPO(55.6%),India(57.3%)and the United States of America(US)(55.7%)received a majority of their applications from non-resident applicants.Beyond the top 10 offices,non-resident share is
44、high at the offices of Brazil(80.7%),Indonesia(84.1%),Mexico(93.1%)and Singapore(86.1%).Among the top 10 offices,non-resident applicants represent a large proportion of applications filed in Australia and Canada1.2.Patent applications at the top 10 offices,2021100,000200,000300,000400,000.1,400,000A
45、pplicationsChinaUSJapanRepublic of KoreaEPOIndiaGermanyCanadaAustraliaRussian FederationResidentNon-residentSource:Figure A7.Among the top five offices,China and the Republic of Korea register a strong growth for a second consecutive year.Filings in China grew by 5.9%in 2021,following a 6.9%increase
46、 the previous year.The Republic of Korea received 5%more applications in 2021,compared to 3.6%growth in 2020.Filings in the US decreased by 1%in 2021,an improvement on the 3.9%decline in 2020.The EPO(+4.7%)and Japan(+0.3%)returned to growth in 2021 following a decline the previous year.The majority
47、of the top 20 offices 15 out of 20 received a greater number of patent applications in 2021 than in 2020(figure A8).This is a considerable improvement on 2020,when only seven offices saw a growth in filings.Of these 15 offices,the largest increases were in SouthAfrica(+63.9%),Israel(+18.3%),Mexico(+
48、12.9%),Australia(+10.6%)and Singapore(+10%)each reporting double-digit growth.In every one of these five offices,an increase in non-resident filings was the principal driver of overall growth.Five offices among the top 20 received fewer applications in 2021 than in 2020,with the Russian Federation(1
49、1.5%),the United Kingdom(UK)(8.7%)and Germany(5.7%)reporting the steepest declines.A fall in both resident and non-resident filings contributed to the overall decline in Germany and the UK,while a sharp drop in resident filings was the main driver of the total decrease in the Russian Federation.Look
50、ing beyond the top 20 offices to selected offices of low-and middle-income countries shows the offices of Viet Nam(8,534),Trkiye(8,476)and Thailand(8,242)to have all received over 8,000applications in 2021(figure A9).For both Thailand and Viet Nam,a growth in non-resident filings was the main driver