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1、How to write a letter for adviceQIN2011.9.8如何算是一篇好文章？如何算是一篇好文章？覆盖了所有的要点覆盖了所有的要点应用了较多的语法结构和词汇应用了较多的语法结构和词汇有效地使用了语句间的连接成有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，条理清楚。条理清楚。要要点点全全词汇词汇,句型句型（高级）和语法（高级）和语法多样化（较复杂）语言地道多样化（较复杂）语言地道连连接接词词假假如如你你叫叫孙孙军军，是是恩恩施施高高中中的的学学生生，要要给给市市长长写写一一封封信信，反反映映学学校校门门前前交交通通拥拥挤挤现现象
2、象，包包括括以下要点：以下要点：参考词汇参考词汇:穿行穿行threadonesway天桥天桥overpass问题问题建议建议学学校校和和一一所所小小学学毗毗邻邻，对对着着大大街街，高高峰峰期期交交通通繁繁忙忙；加加之之孩孩子子小小,家家长长接接送送。交交通通更更拥拥挤挤；学学生生过过街街在在车车辆辆中中穿行危险。穿行危险。政政府府应应采采取取措措施施,如修天桥等。如修天桥等。第一步第一步:What must we pay attention to when writing an article?题材题材：人称人称 Person (The first/third person)时态：时态：Ten
3、se(the simple present tense)要点：要点：a letter第一步：第一步：审题审题养成重养成重视审题视审题的的习惯习惯。虽然基础写作题是半封闭性的，但审题仍然十分重要。现以样题为例，谈谈如何审题：思考的思考的问题问题样题样题分析分析第几人称？（第几人称？（person）文章的文章的题题材是什么？材是什么？要写的文章主要写的文章主题题是什么是什么(topic)怎怎样样安排信息点的安排信息点的顺顺序？序？(order)动动作是什么作是什么时时候候发发生的？生的？(时态时态)(when)第一人称第一人称一封信一封信建议政府采取措施舒缓交建议政府采取措施舒缓交通拥挤的状况通拥
4、挤的状况说理逻辑性说理逻辑性一般现在时一般现在时建议信篇章结构建议信篇章结构 说明建议的内容；说明建议的内容；提出具体建议的原因；提出具体建议的原因；指出采纳建议的益处。指出采纳建议的益处。注意事项：语言要委婉、礼貌，顾及对注意事项：语言要委婉、礼貌，顾及对方感受。方感受。适当运用模板适当运用模板DearBob,Imgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowto(引出主引出主题题).Here are a few suggestions.First,it isimportantto.Then,italsohelpsto.Besides,itshou
5、ldbeagoodideato.Youcanalso.(此三句此三句不同不同的句式提出建的句式提出建议议)Asto,Isuggest(有有时时根根据据需需要要具具体体到到某某一一反反面面).Inaddition,(其其他他建建议议).Imsure(预预测测可可能能的的结结果果，给给对对方方以以行行动动的信心和决心的信心和决心).Imlookingforwardto(表达愿望表达愿望).Sincerelyyours,LiHuaDear_,Youhaveaskedmeformyadvicewithregardto_,andIlltrytomakesomeconductivesuggestionsh
6、ere.Inmyhumbleopinion(以以我我拙拙见见),youwouldbewisetotakethefollowingactions:_.IhopeyoullfindtheseproposalsusefulandIwouldbereadytodiscussthismatterwithyoutofurtherdetails.Goodluckwithyou.Yours,XXX第二步：搜索相关词组或句型第二步：搜索相关词组或句型问题建议学学校校和和一一所所小小学学毗毗邻邻，对对着着大大街街，高高峰峰期期交交通通繁繁忙忙；加加之之孩孩子子小小,家家长长接接送送。交交通通更更拥拥挤挤；学学生生
7、过过街街在在车车辆辆中中穿行危险。穿行危险。政政府府应应采采取取措措施施,如修天桥等。如修天桥等。学校与一所小学毗邻学校与一所小学毗邻,对着大街对着大街stand next to primary face/be faced with the main streetTheresaprimaryschoolnearourschool,andbothschoolsfacethemainstreet.Ourschoolstandsnexttoaprimaryschool,facedwith/facingthemainstreet.推荐句型：推荐句型：There be+并列句并列句非谓语结构非谓语结构S
8、tandingnexttoaprimaryschool,ourschoolisfacedwith/facesthemainstreet.润色润色小建议小建议Nexttoaprimaryschool将介词短语提前（全倒装）将介词短语提前（全倒装）stands/lies/isourschool,facedwith/facingamainstreet.可将可将stand next to替换为高级词汇替换为高级词汇/短语短语be located next to(near/beside/by)border/adjoin vt.be adjacent to与与毗邻毗邻在在对面对面 be opposite
9、to The traffic is busy during the rush hours.高峰期交通繁忙高峰期交通繁忙.traffic.during the rush hoursDuring the rush hours,there are so many cars and buses going on the road thatDuring the rush hours,there is a lot of traffic.so.thatwith结构结构With so many cars and buses going on the road,润色润色小建议小建议“高峰期高峰期”可意可意译译:
10、atpeaktime，alargecurrentofcarsandpeople“交通繁忙交通繁忙”可译为可译为:trafficjamcongestion交通堵塞交通堵塞bechokeupwithbecrammedwith被被堵塞堵塞/塞满塞满加之孩子小加之孩子小,家长接送家长接送,交通更拥挤交通更拥挤 sendto,fetch.,非谓语结构非谓语结构.Manyparentssendtheiryoungchildrentoschoolandfetchthemhome,whichmakesthetrafficheavier.Manyparentssendtheiryoungchildrentosc
11、hoolandfetchthemhome,makingthetrafficheavier.,which.加之孩子小，家长接送，交通更拥挤加之孩子小，家长接送，交通更拥挤Whats more,pick up.make.Tomakethingsworse/whatsworse,manyparentscomingtopickuptheirchildrenmakethestreetmorecrowded.Inaddition/Additionally,manyparentssendtheiryoungchildrentoschoolandfetchthemhome,whichmakesthetraff
12、icheavier.Whatsmore,parentsoftenattendtheirkidstoschool,resultinginmoreserioustrafficjams.Whatmakesthingsworseisthatchildrenhavetobepickedupbytheirparentsowingtotheiryoungage.making the situation more serious.making the traffic heavier可意译为：可意译为：so.that.=tootoThechildrenaresoyoungthatparentshavetosen
13、dthemtoschoolandfetchthemhome,whichmakes/makingthetrafficheavier.making 可替换为：可替换为：causing,leading to,resulting in“sendfetch”可替换为短语：可替换为短语：pick up润色润色小建议小建议 学生过街在车辆中穿行危险学生过街在车辆中穿行危险thread ones way，when doingItisdangerousforthestudentstothreadtheirwayamongbusesandcarswhencrossingtheroad.固定句型固定句型Itis+a
14、dj.fortodo.1.Studentsareriskingtheirlivestothreadtheirwayamongcars.润色润色小建议小建议2.Someareexposedtodangerwhencrossingtheocean/seaofcars.灵活运用其它的短语进行意译：灵活运用其它的短语进行意译：适当增加形容词和副词：适当增加形容词和副词：itisextremelydangerous，itisofgreat/tremendousdanger政府应采取措施政府应采取措施,如修天桥等。如修天桥等。suggest/suggestion,take steps/measures/a
15、ction to do such asMy suggestion is that the government should表语从句表语从句固定句型固定句型 It is high time that(虚拟语气虚拟语气)It is high time that relevant authorities took some measures like buildingI suggest that the government should take steps such as building an overpass.简单句简单句1.Inordertoreleasethestressoftraff
16、icproblems,润色润色小建议小建议2.Aimedatsolvingtheseproblems,thegovernmentshouldA.适当添加一些意思（过渡句）适当添加一些意思（过渡句）Thegovernmentshouldpaymoreattentiontoitandtrytosolveit.B.语义的意译语义的意译3.Seeingthesematters,neverwillIstopurgingourgovernmenttotakesomemeasures.Forthesakeofimprovingthequalityoftraffic,itissignificanttobuil
17、dC.添加形容词和副词添加形容词和副词Istronglysuggest,active/effectivemeasures第三步第三步.连句成文连句成文但要注意：篇章的连贯性但要注意：篇章的连贯性Nexttoaprimaryschoolstandsourschool,facingamainstreet._,itscrammedwithcarsduringtherushhour._childrenhavetobepickedupbytheirparentsowingtotheiryoungage._,itsofgreatdangerforthestudentstogothroughthetraff
18、ic._,itishightimethatrelevantauthoritiestooksomemeasureslikebuildinganoverpass.A.As a consequence B.According to the phenomenon stated above C.When it comes to traffic jamsD.What makes things worse is that A.C.D.B.反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例不推荐字体不推荐字体优秀作文范例优秀作文范例1优点：考生能灵活地处理各个信息点，大量运用优点：考生能灵活地处
19、理各个信息点，大量运用非谓语，介词短语，从句，连词等来提亮句子，非谓语，介词短语，从句，连词等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显个性和语言功底。使得文章更彰显个性和语言功底。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例2优点：考生的书面整洁，字体美观，运用优点：考生的书面整洁，字体美观，运用there be句型，介词短语，从句，非谓语，套用句式等来句型，介词短语，从句，非谓语，套用句式等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显内涵和语言功底。提亮句子，使得文章更彰显内涵和语言功底。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例3优点：考生运用倒装句，优点：考生运用倒装句，so that句式，精彩的句式，精彩的表达以及虚拟语气等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰表达以
20、及虚拟语气等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显内涵和语言功底。显内涵和语言功底。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例4优点：该考生最大的特色是运用了大量的高级词汇优点：该考生最大的特色是运用了大量的高级词汇等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显深厚的语言底蕴。等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显深厚的语言底蕴。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例5优秀作文范例优秀作文范例6Congestion n.阻塞阻塞,拥挤拥挤,充血充血适当运用模板适当运用模板Dear_,You have asked me for my advice withregard to _,and Ill try to make someconductivesuggestion
21、shere.Inmyhumbleopinion(依依我我拙拙见见),youwouldbewisetotakethefollowingactions:_.I hope youll find these proposals usefuland I would be ready to discuss this matterwithyoutofurtherdetails.Goodluckwithyou.Yours,XXXDearBob,Imgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowto(引出主引出主题题).Here are a few suggestio
22、ns.First,it isimportantto.Then,italsohelpsto.Besides,itshouldbeagoodideato.Youcanalso.(此三句此三句不同不同的句式提出建的句式提出建议议)Asto,Isuggest(有有时时根根据据需需要要具具体体到到某某一一反反面面).Inaddition,(其其他他建建议议).Imsure(预预测测可可能能的的结结果果，给给对对方方以以行行动动的信心和决心的信心和决心).Imlookingforwardto(表达愿望表达愿望).Sincerelyyours,LiHua 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友假定你是李华，你的英国朋友
23、PeterPeter来信向你咨询来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。要点：要点：参加中文学习班；参加中文学习班；看中文书刊、电视；看中文书刊、电视；学唱中文歌曲；学唱中文歌曲；交中国朋友。交中国朋友。注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头语已注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头语已给出。给出。Dear Peter,Dear Peter,Im glad to receive your letter asking for Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice no h
24、ow to learn Chinese well._ my advice no how to learn Chinese well._ _Best wishes,Best wishes,Li Li HuaHuaDearPeter,ImgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.Here are a few suggestions.First,it isimportanttotakeaChinesecourse,asyoullbeabletolearnfromtheteachersandpracticewithy
25、ourfellowstudents.Then,italsohelpstowatchTVandreadbooks,newspapers,andmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible.Besides,itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs,becausebydoingsoyoulllearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.Inaddition,Youcanalso make more Chinese friends.They will tellyou a lot about China and help you learnChinese.TrywritingtomeinChinesenexttime.Bestwishes,LiHua