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1、-高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙1-6,8课课后翻译-第 13 页Unit11. However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 不管动物之间的交流方式多么复杂，它们不能参与到称得上是交谈的任何活动中。2. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to
2、 convince. There is no winning in conversation.争论会经常出现于交谈中，但争论的目的不是为了说服。交谈中没有胜负之说。3. Perhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a charm of its own.或许我从小就混迹于英国酒吧缘故，我认为酒吧里的闲聊别有韵味。4. I do not remember what made one of our companions say it -she clearly had
3、not come into the bar to say it , it was not something that was pressing on her mind-but her remark fell quite naturally into the talk.我不记得是什么使得我的一个同伴说起它来的-她显然不是来酒吧说这个的，这不是她事先想好的话题-但她的话相当自然地插入到了交谈中。5. There is always resistance in the lower classes to any attempt by an upper class to lay down rules
4、for “English as it should be spoken .”下层社会总会抵制上层社会企图给“标准英语”制定得规则。6. Words are not themselves a reality ,but only representations of it ,and the Kings English ,like the Anglo-French of the Normans , is a class representation of reality.词语本身并不是现实。正如诺曼底人讲的英格鲁-法语一样，标准英语是一个阶层用来表达现实的形式。7. Perhaps it is wo
5、rth trying to speak it, but it should not be laid down as an edict , and made immune to change from below.或许试着去说它还是值得的，但是它不能被制定成法令，从而拒绝来自下层的变化。8. There is no worse conversationalist than the one who punctuates his words as he speaks as if he were writing , or even who tries to use words as if he wer
6、e composing a piece of prose for print.如果一个人说出的话就像写出来的文字，或者试图使用那些创作书面散文的文字，那么没有比这样的交谈者更糟糕的了。9. When E.M. Forster writes of “ the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the phrase , the force and even terror in the image.当E.M.福斯特写到“我们这个时代的险恶长廊”时，其用语之生动及由其所产生的生动有力，甚至可怖的形象苦令我们拍案叫绝
7、。10. There would have been no conversation the other evening if we had been able to settle at once the meeting of “ the Kings English.”那天晚上如果我们立刻解决了“标准英语”的含义，就不会有第二天晚上的谈话了。 Unit21.When you walk through a town like this - two hundred thousand inhabitants of whom at least twenty thousand own literally
8、 nothing except the rags they stand up in - when you see how the people live, and still more how easily they die, it is always difficult to believe that you are walking among human beings.当你穿行于这样的城镇中20万居民中至少有2万人除了一身勉强蔽体的破衣烂衫外，一无所有当你看到这些人是如何生活，又如何轻易死亡时，你总是很难相信自己是行走在人类之中。2.When you go through the Jewi
9、sh quarters you gather some idea of what the medieval ghettoes were probably like.当你穿过犹太人聚居区时，你就会了解中世纪的贫民区大概是个什么样子。3. Many of the streets are a good deal less than six feet wide, the houses are completely windowless, and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere i unbelievable numbers, like clouds of fl
10、ies.很多街道远远不足6英尺宽，房屋根本没有窗户，眼睛肿痛的孩子成群结队 ，随处可见，像成群的苍蝇，数也数不清。4. Even a blind man somewhere at the back of one of the booths heard a rumour of cigarettes and came crawling out, groping in the air with his hand.甚至在后面的窝棚里的一个盲人听到要烟的吵嚷声也爬了出来，伸手在空中乱摸。5.Ah, thats only for show! Theyre all money lenders really.
11、噢！那只不过是装样子罢了。实际上他们都是些放贷获利的人。6.In just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal.颇为相似的是，几百年前，有些可怜的老妇人常常被当成巫婆活活烧死，但事实上她们连为自己变出一顿像样的饭菜的巫术都没有。7.It takes in the dried-up soil, the
12、 prickly pear, the palm tree and the distant mountain, but it always misses the peasant hoeing at his patch.那干巴巴的土地，仙人掌，棕榈树和远方的山岭被尽收眼底，但在地里耕作的农民却往往没人看见。8.Most of Morocco is so desolate that no wild animal bigger than a hare can live on it.摩洛哥大部分土地都很荒凉，以至于那里生存的最大的野生动物就是野兔。9.Except for a day or two af
13、ter the rare rainstorms there is never enough water.除了难得的暴雨之后的一两天之外，这里总是缺水。10.It seems to be generally the case in primitive communities that the women, when they get beyond a certain age, shrink to the size of children.在原始社会里，妇女超过了一定的年纪身材便会萎缩得如孩子般大小，这似乎是一个普遍现象。Unit31. We observe today not a victory
14、 of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning , signifying renewal as well as change.我们今天庆祝的不是一个政党的胜利，而是一个自由的盛会，它代表这一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开端，它代表着重生和改变。2. Let the word go forth from this time and place , to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new gene
15、ration of Americans, born in this century,tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed , and to which we are committed today at home and
16、 around the world.此时此地我向朋友和敌人宣布：火炬已经传递给了新一代的美国人，他们出生于本世纪，经受过战争的洗礼，受过冷峻而苦涩的和平的考验，以我们的古代遗产为傲，不愿意见到或者允许这些人权被逐渐取消。这个国家一直致力于维护这些人权，如今我们在国内和全世界也在维护这些人权。3. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price , bear any burden, meet any hardship , support any friend, oppose
17、any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.让世界上每一个希望我们成功或窘迫的国家知道：我们将不惜任何代价，承担任何责任，应对任何艰难，支持一切朋友，反对一切敌人，以确保自由的幸存和成功。4. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. 只要我们团结起来，我们将在大量的合作型事业中战无不胜。5. Divided, there is little we can do ,for we dare not meet a powerf
18、ul challenge at odds and split asunder.如果分裂开来，我们将一事无成，因为我们不能在争执中去应对巨大的挑战，我们的关系会崩裂。6. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.如果自由的社会不能帮助多数穷人，它就不能拯救少数的富人。7. We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we
19、 be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.我们不敢以软弱来诱惑它们。因为只有当我们的军备力量无疑是非常充足的时候，我们才能确保不会使用武力。8. In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine,will rest the final success or failure of our course.我们的同胞们，我们事业成败的关键与其说掌握在我的手中，不如说掌握在你们的手中。9. Now the trumpet summons us again-not as a cal
20、l to bear arms, though arms we need; not as a call to battle , though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle , year in and year out , “rejoicing in hope , patient in tribulation,” a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny , poverty disease and war its
21、elf.现在号角再次向我们吹响-不是号召我们扛起武器，虽然我们需要武器；不是号召我们去参加战斗，虽然我们严阵以待；而是号召我们为迎接黎明而肩负起漫长斗争的责任，年复一年，”从希望中得到欢乐，在苦难中保持坚韧“， 去反对人类共同的敌人：专制、贫困、疾病和战争本身10. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds,let us go forth to lead the land we love , asking His blessing and His help, bu
22、t knowing that here on earth Gods work must truly be our own.良心是我们唯一可靠的报酬，历史是我们行为的最终裁判，让我们出发去领导我们所热爱的国家，祈求上帝的祝福和帮助，但是要明白上帝在人间的工作毕竟就是我们自己的工作。Unit41. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as chemists scales. As penetrating as a scalpel.我的大脑如发电机一样强大，像化学家的平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。2. To be swept up in e
23、very new craze that comes along, to surrender yourself to idiocy just because everybody else is doing it-this , to me , is the acme od mindlessness.被卷入每一股新来的时尚之中，因为其他人都是这样做，自己也进去傻干-这对于我而言，简直就是愚蠢至极。3. Let me emphasize that my desire for this young woman was not emotional in nature.我强调一下我渴望得到这个妙龄少女不是情
24、感的驱动使然。4. It is , after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.毕竟，与使这个丑陋而聪明的女孩变漂亮相比，使一个美丽的愚笨的女孩变得聪明要容易得多。5. He was a torn man, First he looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at a bakery window. Then he turned away and set his jaw resolute
25、ly.他神情不安。先是带着面包店橱窗旁边的流浪儿的那种神情盯着大衣。然后转过头，坚定地咬紧牙关。6. Maybe somewhere is the extinct crater of her mind , a few embers still smoldered.说不定她头脑中死火山口某处还有闷燃的余烬。7. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs, to guide them during a trial, carpenters have blueprints
26、 to guide them when they are building a house.毕竟，外科医生在做手术时有X 光线作为指导，律师在审判时有辩护状作为指导，木匠在建造房子的时候有蓝图作为指导。8. If Madame Curie had not happened to leave a photographic plate in a drawer with a chunk of pitch blend,the world today would not know about radium.如果居里夫人没有把一张相片底片放在装有沥青铀矿的抽屉了，今天的世人就不会知道镭了。9. Sudde
27、nly, a glimmer of intelligence -the first I had seen- came into her eyes.突然，一道智慧的灵光-第一次看见-在她的眼中闪现。10. Heartened by the knowledge that Polly was not altogether a cretin,I begin a long, patient review of all I had told her. 知道波利并不完全是个白痴，我感到很振奋，于是我开始把给她讲过的一切时间、耐心地复习了一遍。Unit51. No aspect of life in the
28、twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation。 二十年代社会生活的各个方面中，被人们评论得最多、渲染得最厉害的，莫过于青年一代的叛逆之行了。 2. The answers to such inquiries must of necessity be “yes”and “no”. “Yes” because the business of growing up is always accompanied
29、 by a Younger Generation Problem. “no” because what seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of our jazz mad youth. 对这类问题的回答必然只能是既对又不对,说对,是因为人的成长过程中一贯就存在着所谓青年一代的问题；说
30、不对,是因为在当时的社会看来似乎是那么狂野，那么不负责任，那么不讲道德的行为，若是用今天的正确眼光去看的话，却远远没有今天的一些迷恋爵士乐的狂荡青年的堕落行为那么耸人听闻。 3. War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expec
31、ted to battle for success.不论是否发生战争，随着时代的变化要我们的年轻一代接受与他们必须在其中拼搏求胜的这个喧嚣的商业化社会格格不入的行为准则已经变得越来越难了。 4. The faddishness, the world spending of money on transitory pleasures and momentary novelties, the hectic air of gaiety, the experimentation in sensation sex, drugs, alcohol, perversions were all part of
32、 the pattern of escape. An escape made possible by a general prosperity and a postwar fatigue with politics, economic restrictions, and international responsibilities. 追求时尚，为了短暂的快乐和一时的新奇而大肆挥霍，纵情地狂欢，寻求各种各样的感官刺激性行为，吸毒，酗酒以及各种各样的堕落行为这些都是他们逃避责任的表现形式，是一种由社会的普遍繁荣及战后人们对于政治、经济限制和国际义务所产生的厌烦情绪所造成的逃避方式。 5. Mean
33、while, the true intellectuals were far from flattered. 其实，真正的知识分子对此现象远 远谈不上满意。 6. Flaming diatribes poured from their pens denouncing the materialism and what they considered to be the cultural boobery of our society. 于是，他们的笔尖下便喷射出愤怒的火花，猛烈抨击着美国社会中的唯物质主义以及他们所称的文化市侩习气。 7. It was in their defiant, but
34、generally short-lived, European expatriation that our leading writers of the Twenties learned to think of themselves, in the words of Gertrude Stein, as the “lost generation”.正是在他们那抗争性的，而总的说来又是短暂的侨居欧洲期间，二十年代我国的那些主要作家开始认识到自己 - 用格特鲁德斯坦的话说就是所谓迷惘的一代。 8. In no sense a movement in itself, the “lost genera
35、tion” attitude nevertheless acted as a common denominator of the writing of the times.“迷惘的一代”本身虽不是一场什么文学运动，但那些迷惘的一代的作家的态度却是那个时代文学作品的共同特征。 9. It was shocked, uprooted for a time, bitter, critical, rebellious, iconoclastic, experimental, often absurd, more often misdirected but never “lost”. 在一段时间里，他们
36、曾有过惊愕、孤独无依的感觉，因而变得痛苦、尖刻，以致于反社会、反权威、好标新立异，其行为往往有些荒唐，更常常近于胡闹但却从来没迷惘过。 10. The intellectuals of the Twenties, the “sad young men” as F. Scott Fitzgerald called them, cursed their luck but didnt die; escaped but voluntarily returned; flayed the Babbitts but loved their country, and in so doing gave the
37、nation the liveliest, freshest, most stimulating writing in its literary experience.二十年代的知识分子，也就是F. Scott Fitzgerald所称的悲哀的青年一代，诅咒过自己的命运，但并没有消亡；他们曾试图逃避现实，但又自动回到现实中来；他们痛责美国社会的市侩，但对自己的祖国却又充满热爱。正是在这样的过程中，他们创作出了美国文学史上最富有生气、最令人耳目一新、最激动人心的文学作品。Unit61. Those as campaigns celebrating the Big Apple,those T-sh
38、irt with a heart design proclaiming “I love New York ”are signs, pathetic in their desperation of how the mighty has fallen.那些歌颂大苹果的广告活动和那些宣传“我在纽约”的印有心形图案的T桖是其在绝望中表现出来的悲哀迹象，表明了强者是如何失去地位的。2. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste as often as it is out of step with American politics.如今，
39、纽约与美国人的情趣相脱节，就像其往往与美国政治步调不一致一样。3. A dozen other cities have buildings more inspired architecturally than any built in New York City in the past twenty years.其他十二座城市都有些创意极好的建筑，而纽约近二十年来的建筑均不能与之相比。4. New York was never a good convention city-being regarded as unfriendly unsafe,overcrowded ,and expensiv
40、e- but it is making something of a comeback as a tourist attraction.纽约从来都不是一个召开会议的好场所-被认为不友好、不安全、过度拥挤和消费昂贵-但它正在恢复其旅游胜地的地位。5. They take more readily than do most Americans to its cosmopolitan complexities, its surviving ,aloof ,European standards its alien mixtures. 比起大多数美国人，他们更喜欢国际大都市里错综复杂的事物，其仍然存在的
41、、冷漠的欧洲处事标准和各种外来风格的大杂烩。6. But all in all, I cant think of many places in the world Id rather live.但总而言之，我想不出个世界上还有什么其他的地方我更想去居住。7. It has become less a tranquil park than an untidy carnival . 中央公园不再是宁静的公园，而更像是乱糟糟的嘉年华。8. A testing of oneself, a fear of giving in to the most banal and marketable of one
42、s talents , still draws many of the young to New York.为了证明自己，害怕自己的才能沦为最迂腐和最易于在市场上出售的事物，许多年轻人仍然被吸引来到纽约。9. In time the newcomers find or form their own worlds; Manhattan is many such worlds, huddled together but rarely interacting.新来者迟早会找到或形成自己的圈子；曼哈顿有很多这样的圈子，拥挤在一起，但却很少往来。10. The newcomers are never fully absorbed, but are added precariously to the undigested many.新来者从未被完全同化，但是却不确定地加入到了未被消化的多数人之中。