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1、2023年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第1套 选词填空AfterbecomingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2023,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethat their students have actually achieved one of higher educations most important goals:criticalthinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown thatmoreth
2、anathird had made no 26 gainsinsuchmentalabilities duringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Danielsneededto_27_thehighcostofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.After all, the percentage of Americans who sayacollegedegreeisveryimportanthasfallen 28 inthe last5-6years.Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessstudentsc
3、riticalthinkingskills.Yetlikemanycollege teachersaroundtheU.S.,thefacultyremain_29_thattheirworkaseducatorscanbe measured by learning 30 _ suchasagraduatesabilitytoinvestigate and reason. However, the professors neednotworrysomuch. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use _3
4、1_metricstomeasurehowwellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:criticalthinking,writtencommunication,andquantitativeliteracy.Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly_32_earlierstudies.Theorganizersoftheexperimentconcludedthatfarfewerstudentswere achieving high levels on critical t
5、hinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitativeliteracy.Andthatconclusion is based only on students nearing graduation. American universities, despite their global 33_forexcellenceinteaching,haveonly beguntodemonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning. Knowledge-based deg
6、rees are still important, but employers are stillimportant,butemployersare_34_advancedthinkingskillsfromcollege graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be_35_measured,more peoplewillseekhighereducationandcomeoutbetterthinkers.A.accurately B.confirm C.demanding D.doubtful E.drast
7、ically F.justify G.monopolized H.outcome I.predominance J.presuming K.reputation L.significantM.signify N.simultaneously O.standardized答案：(26)L. significant (27)F. justify(28)E. drastically(29)D. doubtful(30)H. outcome(31)O. standardized(32)B. confirm(33)K. reputation(34)C. demanding(35)A. accuratel
8、y2023年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第1套 仔细阅读2篇Opendatasharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadly agreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawouldacceleratescience,mostarereluctanttopostthe resultsoftheirownlaborsonline.Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonlinegeneticists,forexample,postDNAsequence satt
9、heGenBankrepository(库) ,andastronomersareaccustomedtoaccessingimagesof galaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjectsbuttheseremaintheexception,nottherule.Historically,scientistshave objectedtosharingformanyreasons:itisalotofwork;untilrecently,goodda
10、tabasesdidnot exist;grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandards forformattingdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.Butthebarriersaredisappearing,inpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideare encouragingscientiststomaketheirdatapublic.Lastyear,theRoyalSoc
11、ietyinLondonsaidin itsreportthatscientistsneedtoshiftawayfromaresearchculturewheredataisviewedasa privatepreserve.Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublic information,andthescientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbeshareddigitally inwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatcht
12、hegrowingdemand,servicesarespringingup tomakeiteasiertopublishresearchproductsonlineandenableotherresearcherstodiscover andcitethem.Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthemoraladvantagesofsharing,the practiceisnotpurelyaltruistic(利他的).Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmor
13、econnectionswithcolleagues,improvedvisibilityandincreasedcitations.The mostsuccessfulsharersthosewhosedataaredownloadedandcitedthemostoften-get noticed,andtheirworkgetsused.Forexample,oneofthemostpopulardatasetson multidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeen downloaded5
14、,700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuchcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesters lookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftimber. Idmuchprefertohavemydatausedby themaximumnumberofpeopletoasktheirownquestions,shesays. Itsimportanttoallow r
15、eadersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcode allowsyoursciencetobereproducible.Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeand labelfilessootherscanunderstandthem,scientistsbecomemoreorganizedandbetter disciplinedthemselves,thusavoidingconf
16、usionlateron.46.Whatdomanyresearchersgenerallyaccept?A.Itisimperativetoprotectscientistspatents.B.Repositoriesareessentialtoscientificresearch.C.Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.D.Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.47.Whatistheattitudeofmostresearcherstowardsmakingtheiro
17、wndatapublic?A.Opposed.B.Ambiguous.C.Liberal.D.Neutral.48.Accordingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?A.Thefearofmassivecopying.B.Thelackofaresearchculture.C.Thebeliefthatresearchdataisprivateintellectualproperty.D.Theconcernthatcertainagenciesmaymakeaprofitoutofit.49.Whathelpsliftsomeofthe
18、barrierstoopendatasharing?A.Theever-growingdemandforbigdata.B.Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.C.Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.D.Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.50.Dryadservesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing_.A.isbecomingincreasinglypopularB.benefitssharersandusersalikeC.makesre
19、searcherssuccessfulD.savesbothmoneyandlaborPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macys reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store c
20、hain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macys has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out t
21、han on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. About 80% of our companys year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls (短缺) in cold-weather goods, said chief executive Teny Lundgre
22、n in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.However, its clear that Macys believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin
23、implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer voluntary separation packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 77
24、0 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2023. The company had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chains stores in the Washington metropolitan
25、area are to be closed.Macys has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to open more locations of Macys Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. Its also pushing ahead in 2023 with an
26、 expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macys hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Macys during
27、the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up double-digit increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgivin
28、g, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U.S.?A. It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B. It is a direct result of th
29、e global economic recession.C. It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D. It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macys believe about its problems?A. They can be solved with better management.B. They cannot be attributed to weather only.C. They are
30、 not as serious in its online stores.D. They call for increased investments.53. In order to cut costs, Macys decided to _.A. cut the salary of senior executivesB. relocate some of its chain storesC. adjust its promotion strategiesD. reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macys plan to expand Bluem
31、ercury in 2023?A. To experiment on its new business concept.B. To focus more on beauty products than clothing.C. To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D. To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macys during the holiday season?A. Sales dropped shar
32、ply in its physical stores.B. Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C. It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D. It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Passage one46.D47.A48.C49.C50.BPassage two51.A52.B53.D54.D55.A2023年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第2套 选词填空Half of your brai
33、n stays alert and prepared for danger when you sleep in a new place, a study has revealed. This phenomenon is often _26_ to as the first-night-effect. Researchers from Brown University found that a network in the left hemisphere of the brain remained more active than the network in the right side of
34、 the brain. Playing sounds into the right ears (stimulating the left hemisphere) of _27_ was more likely to wake them up than if the noises were played into their left ear.It was _28_ observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep. When the researchers repeated the labora
35、tory experiment on the second and third nights they found the left hemisphere could not be stimulated in the same way during deep sleep. The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a _29_ environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against
36、 any _30_ danger.The researchers believe this is the first time that the first-night-effect of different brain states has been _31_ in humans. It isnt, however, the first time it has ever been seen. Some animal _32_ also display this phenomenon. For example, dolphins, as well as other _33_ animals,
37、shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep. A previous study noted that dolphins always _34_ control their breathing. Without keeping the brain active while sleeping, they would probably drown. But, as the human study suggest, another reason for dolphins keeping their eyes open duri
38、ng sleep is that they can look out for _35_ while asleep. It also keeps their physiological processes working.A. Classified B. consciously C. dramatically D. exotic E. identified F. inherent G. marine H. novel I. potential J. predators K. referred L. species M. specifically N. varieties O. volunteer
39、s答案 (26)K. referred(27)O. volunteers(28)M. specifically(29)H. novel(30)I. potential(31)E. identified(32)L. species(33)G. marine(34)B. consciously(35)J. predators2023年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第2套 仔细阅读2篇Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.We live today indebted to McCardell, Cashin,
40、 Hawes, Wilkins, and Maxwell, and other women who liberated American fashion from the confines of Parisian design. Independence came in tying, wrapping, storing, harmonizing, and rationalizing that wardrobe. These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other active wear ou
41、tfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day. Fashion in America was logical and answerable to the will of the women who wore it. Implicitly or explicitl
42、y, American fashion addressed a democracy, whereas traditional Paris-based fashion was prescriptive and imposed on women, willing or not.In an earlier time, American fashion had also followed the dictates of Paris, or even copied and pirated specific French designs. Designer sportswear was not model
43、ed on that of Europe, as modem art would later be; it was genuinely invented and developed in America. Its designers were not high-end with supplementary lines. The design objective and the business commitment were to sportswear, and the distinctive traits were problem-solving ingenuity and realisti
44、c lifestyle applications. Ease of care was most important: summer dresses and outfits, in particular, were chiefly cotton, readily capable of being washed and pressed at home. Closings were simple, practical, and accessible, as the modem woman depended on no personal maid to dress her. American desi
45、gners prized resourcefulness and the freedom of women who wore the clothing.Many have argued that the women designers of this time were able to project their own clothing values into a new style. Of course, much of this argument in the 1930s-40s was advanced because there was little or no experience in justifying apparel (服装) on the basis of utility. If Paris was cast aside, the tradition of beauty was also to some degree slighted. Designer sportswear would have to be verified by a standard other tha