2023年陕西能源职业技术学院单招测试题含答案解析.docx

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1、【内容来自于相关网站和学校提供】(考试时间:90分钟 满分:100分)选择题(每题4分,共100分):第1题: Do you like watching stars? Do you 21 time watching the sky on the Mid-autumn Day every year? On this 22 day in 2023, Mars attracted more attention than the moon. The earth and Mars are two planets, far from each other. They run in different or

2、bits 23 the sun. The earth was 24 with Mars in August and September. And on August 27 , Mars was the closest to the earth in 60,000 years. It was only 55.76 million kilometers 25 from the earth on that day. The next time Mars 26 come so close to the earth is in 2287. Mars became brighter around that

3、 day. By looking 27 telescopes, sky watchers 28 that they saw Mars south polar cap(冰帽). It is made of 29 water and dry ice. It reflects sunlight well. I can see the polar ice clearly using my 8-inch telescope, says Ron Wayman from the USA. Soon after the sunset, Mars rose from the east. The fans of

4、Mars didnt stop watching Mars 30 the next morning when the sun rose and Mars set.A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take【对的答案】C讲解:【解析】考察spend的用法。spend time (in)doing sth第2题:前几天,一些同学就英语学习现状进行了一次讨论。发现有如下问题:1) 对学习英语没有爱好;2) 记忆单词有困难; 3)怕犯错,不敢参与小组讨论;4) 阅读中不知如何解决生词;5) 写作中假如你是方华,在英语学习中也碰到了一些类似的问题,你以邮件的形式向英语报社的编辑(Bo

5、b)征询,希望得到帮助。规定:1)提出三个英语学习中的问题;2)可以参考以上提醒,也可以根据自己实际适当发挥;3)中心突出,语意连贯,层次清楚书写规范;4)不少于100字,5)开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。Dear Bob,Im very pleased to write to you, I know youre an expert in English learning. _ Yours, Fang Hua【对的答案】Dear Bob,rnrnI'm very pleased to write to you, I know you're an expert in Engl

6、ish learning. I've so many problems to trouble you now.rnrnEnglish is so difficult that I nearly want to give it up! In English class I can't follow my teacher because of the poor listening. Also I can't remember the words clearly. Although I spend much time on it, I still can't use

7、words in the right way.rnrnWhat's worse, when I read English, I am often trapped in the unknown words. It stops me from receiving the main informa tion. You can imagine what the result of my English learning is!rnrnThose worry me a lot. What should I do? Would you please help me? I will be very

8、grateful to get your reply.rnrn rnrn Yours,rnrn Fang Hua讲解:信件书写,格式需对的。第3题:选出下面对加横线字字形、注音完全对的的一项( )A崔巍(wéi) 纤(qin)尘 婀娜(nó) 皱缬(xié)B编纂(zun) 渲(xuàn)染 坍沓(tà) 寒暄(xun)C惆畅(chàng) 漆(x)黑 涔涔(cén) 相称(chèn)D绚(xuàn)烂 寒伧(chen) 酝酿(niàng) 诅(z)咒【对

9、的答案】D讲解:A项巍(wi) 纤(xin) 娜(nu) B项塌(t) C项惆怅 漆(q)黑第4题:The earliest education was probably to _.A. make a man lead a better life B. teach a man to write and think C. make people get a way of living D. teach people to read good books【对的答案】C讲解:【解析】.根据第二段Some people may think that a person should spend the

10、best years of his life to get education only for a way of living. This was probably one of the earliest reasons of education. 描述,可知选C。第5题: 测谎的历史和人类说谎的历史同样源远流长。据考证,人类社会使用测谎手段最早可追溯到公元前92023。最早有人曾让小偷将手指伸入滚烫的油或水中,假如手指烫坏,就说明他说的是谎话。这种方法显然过于迷信且残忍,和中国古代的滴血认亲同样纯属无稽之谈。印度人会让人摸圣猴的尾巴,据说说谎者一摸猴子的尾巴,它就会叫,而诚实者摸它,圣猴会

11、保持安静。事实上这是运用说谎者心虚的心理让他们中招。法官先把尾巴涂上了炭粉的猴子置于黑屋,让嫌疑人逐个进入摸猴子的尾巴。说谎者心虚不敢摸,而诚实者坦然照摸不误,最终手上有炭粉的人自然是君子了。另有一种方法是让嫌疑人各自放一把炒米在嘴里,嚼两下吐出来,说谎者由于唾液分泌少,吐出的米明显比诚实者干。这种方法给测谎加入了生理反映的内容。虽然这些方法略显粗陋,但有时也能发挥一定的作用。Lightman博士的鸟蛋测试法同样很灵验,对心里有鬼的人来说,放在他手中的鸟蛋可以起到和测谎仪同样的作用,一枚破碎的鸟蛋让谎言不攻自破。 现代测谎技术重要采用人机结合的方式,并基于测谎仪的发明。测谎仪称为polygra

12、ph,直译为多项记录仪,是一种记录多项生理反映的仪器,它的雏形是1885年Cesar Lombroso发明的测量嫌犯血压变化情况的仪器。随后记录血压和皮肤导电率的仪器在192023被初次应用到实际执法中。 测谎在实行前要向受测者讲解测谎的程序,强调测谎仪可测出谎言,告诫受测者要诚实回答问题。由于精心设计的问题与测谎主题之间有不同的关系,对被测人形成不同的心理刺激,从而触发不同的生理反映,引起一系列生理参数(如肌电、脉搏、血压、呼吸、心跳、脑电波、声音、瞳孔等)的变化,用仪器测量这些参数的变化,记录变化图谱,然后分析图谱,就可以判断被测人对问题的回答是诚实还是撒谎了。 此外,还可以通过绘画和笔迹

13、进行测谎。研究显示,人们虚构故事和书写真实事件时相比笔迹有变化,通常描述谎言时下笔更重,平均触纸压力、笔画长度和高度比书写真实事件时夸张。在绘画时,80%的撒谎者从俯视角度绘画,而大多数讲真话的人则从肩膀高度的视角作画,即第一人称视角。 尽管测谎仪在实际的刑侦工作中起到了一定的作用,但它的准确性仍受到质疑。在Lie to me中,Lightman博士为了让士兵队长受到应得的处罚,曾给接受测试的女兵服用镇定药物,藉此减轻因说谎而带来的生理反映参数的变化,从而完美地通过了测谎仪的考验。 测谎仪能否发挥正常的作用,跟测试的外部环境、被测试者个体状态、测试师的水平以及问题的设计都密切相关。电影本能中,

14、警探们对测谎仪奉若神明,真正的杀人凶手却轻松通过了测试。一部分人认为,测谎仪之所以失效是由于受测者自身有严重的心理问题,当他面对测谎仪的时候可以安静的说出谎话,在他心里那些残忍的手段是自然而然理所应当的;而另一部分人认为测谎仪对心理素质比较好的人毫无效果,良好的心理素质使得他在说出谎言时不会在生理指标上有明显的外化。 (选自发现2023年02期) 下列对文中的测谎法的表述对的的一项是( )A沸水法和圣猴法是运用说谎者心虚的心理让他们中招,这两种测谎方法开始运专心理学。B嚼米审判法和鸟蛋测试法都是从生理科学角度来鉴定谁是说谎者。C绘画测谎的一个线索是作画的视角,说谎者往往采用从俯视角度绘画,而诚

15、实者则从肩膀高度的视角作画。D笔迹测谎研究显示,人们虚构故事与书写真实事件时相比字体的长度和高度通常会有一定的变化。【对的答案】D讲解:从原文研究显示,人们虚构故事和书写真实事件时相比笔迹有变化,通常描述谎言时下笔更重,平均触纸压力、笔画长度和高度比书写真实事件时夸张可知。第6题:Beijing was attacked by such a terrible rainstorm _ few citizens had ever experienced before.A. which B. that C. as D. who【对的答案】B讲解:【解析】such.that 如此以至于选B第7题:Wh

16、ile building a tunnel through the mountain, _.A. an underground lake was discovered B. there was an underground lake discoveredC. a lake was discovered undergroundD. the workers discovered an underground lake【对的答案】D讲解:【解析】当主句和从句的主语一致时,while引导的时间状语从句中主语和be动词可以省略。从building a tunnel(隧道)可知动作执行者是人,所以主句主语

17、也是人。故选D.第8题:Our teacher often asks us _English as _as possible.A.to say;many B.to speak;many C.to speak;much D.to say;much【对的答案】C讲解:ask sb to do. Speak +语言 as .as.加形容词副词原形。尽也许多说英语要用much。选C第9题:A. catching up B. falling behind C. running over D. taking off【对的答案】A讲解:【解析】由后句火星距离地球最近,可知在八九月份地球赶上了火星。Catch

18、 up with赶上。Fall behind落后。Run over辗过。 take off起飞。第10题:A. until B. when C. after D. so【对的答案】B讲解:根据上下文的内容可知答案为B,表达当···时候,故选B第11题:What do you want to do after you _ school?A. graduate from B. begin C. reach D.arrived at【对的答案】A讲解:句义:毕业后你想干什么?选A第12题:A.cheap B.proper C.special D.public

19、【对的答案】C讲解:士兵做这个汤时说是石头汤,人们感觉很神奇很特别。第13题:On the top of the hill _.A. a temple stands B. does a temple stand C. a temple stands there D. stands a temple【对的答案】D讲解:【解析】倒装句型。全倒装。正常语序A temple stands on the top of the hill.第14题: at the door before entering, please.A、Knocked B、To knock C、Knocking D、Knock【对的答

20、案】D讲解:祈使句,句首用动词原形且大写。选D第15题:After hearing what the officer said, the old man .A. believed the officer was playing a joke on him.B. didnt know many people respected him a lot.C. was very angry to find his house broken into. D. was not so excited as the officer had expected.【对的答案】D讲解:【解析】第三段第四行可知这个老人得

21、知自己是百万富翁后什么话也没说,只是回家锁上门,第二天又像从前同样去乞讨。说明他没有被这个消息震惊,没有表现出应有的兴奋。第16题:What does the underlined word “emphasize” mean in the passage?A. To give special importance to something. B. To express thanks for somebody. C. To understand or become aware of a fact. D. To admire somebody.【对的答案】A讲解:【解析】emphasize是强调的

22、意思,选A第17题:下列语句中加横线词的意义和用法相同的一项是 ()A.然世多驱邪而弃正 不践君子之迹,而行由小人者 B.故宁顺从以保吉 是以张俨发愤C.苟直书其事 其有贼臣逆子D.则秽迹彰于一朝 崔浩犯讳于魏国【对的答案】D讲解:A项,连词,表并列;连词,表转折。B项,连词,用来;介词,因。C项,代词,他们的;代词,其中。D项,都是介词,表对象。第18题:It takes me 20 minutes _ home.A. to walk B. walk C. walking D.talked【对的答案】A讲解:take用法。 It takes sb some time to do sth. 选A第19题:Wed better keep the secret between_.A.you and me B.me and you C.you and I D.I and you【对的答案】A讲解:【解析】我们最佳把这个秘密保存在你和我之间。你和我you and me第20题:Jane is a beautiful girl.She is beautiful than NancyA.more B.most C.much D.so【对的答案】A讲解:两者对比用比较级。多音节比较级前要加more。选A

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