《初级中学一年级英语试题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初级中学一年级英语试题.docx(48页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、初一英语试题学英语简单吗?肯定会有许多学生说:“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感 到头疼呢?答案只有一个:“不得法。”英语与汉语一样都是一种语言,为什么你说汉语 会如此流利?那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,保准说起英 语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境,那么你可以自己设置一个英语环 境,坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。一、多说o自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语,见了同学,尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语 去问候,谈心情这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典,遇到生词时查一下这些 生词,也不用刻意去记,用的多了,
2、这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成 负担,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。或许你有机会碰上外国人,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学 校只是别问及他的年纪,婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇,句子去和他 谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈 时会用许多简单词汇,而且不太看重说法,你只要发音准确,准能顺利地交流下去。只 是你必须要有信心,敢于表达自己的思想。如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象,对它谈 你一天的所见所闻,谈你的快乐,你的悲伤等等,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大 的提高。二、多“
3、听”寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时,你应该大胆地去参与,多听听各种各 样人的发音,男女老少,节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到,如果这样的机会少的话,你可 以选择你不知内容的文章去听,这将会对你帮助很大,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,那 将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。三、多“读“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有 很大的好处,读的内容可以是你的课本,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,因为现在的英语 高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,所以 经过高中三年阅读的训练后,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语
4、言 必不可少的一种学习途径。四、多写有的同学总是抱怨时间紧,根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多,不一定就写作文 才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情,或当天学了某一个词组, 你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法,又可以 锻炼你的写作能力,比如学“Wish”一词时,可写一小段如下:The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future. My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier. However, I,m different . I wish
5、 I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.只几句话:但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上,这样写下来印象会深刻得多,这样比死记 硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。学习英语不用花大块的时间,10分钟的散步可以练”说”,吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小 说,睡前听几分钟英语,可以使你得到更好地休息只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英 语,你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。背英语单词技巧1、循环记忆法艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库,人脑经历过的事物,思考过的问题,体验过的情感和情绪, 练习过的动作,都可以成为人们记
6、忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子,M 至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从记到忆是有个过程的,这其中包括了识记、 保持、再认和回忆。有很多人在学习英语的过程中,只注重了学习当时的记忆效果, 孰不知,要想做好学习的记忆工作,是要下一番工夫的,单纯的注重当时的记忆效果, 而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。在信息的处理上,记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程,从信息处理的角度上, 英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分 惊人的,它可以存贮1015比特(byte,字节)的信息,可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的 只占10%,还有更多的记忆发挥
7、空间。这是因为,有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果,却 忽视了记忆中的更大的问题一即记忆的牢固度问题,那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记 忆遗忘的规律。一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus, 1850T909),他在1885 年发表了他的实验报告后,记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一,而艾宾浩 斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。根据我们所知道的,记忆的保持在时间上是不同的,有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。 而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的:输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后,便成为了人的短时的记忆,但是如果不经过 及时的复习,这些记住
8、过的东西就会遗忘,而经过了及时的复习,这些短时的记忆就会 成为了人的一种长时的记忆,从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么,对于我们来讲, 怎样才叫做遗忘呢,所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来,也不能回 忆起来,或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆,这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时 候是拿自己作为测试对象的,他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意 义的音节,也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合,比如asww, cfhhj, i jikmb, rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试,得到了一些数据。然后,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线,这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的
9、 曲线:艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量,横轴表示时间(天数), 曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的,遗忘的进程不是均衡的,不是固定的一 天丢掉几个,转天又丢几个的,而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快,后来就逐渐减 慢了,到了相当长的时候后,几乎就不再遗忘了,这就是遗忘的发展规律,即”先快后 慢”的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线,你会发现,学得的知识在一天后,如不抓紧复习,就只 剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢,遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过 一个实验,两组学生学习一段课文,甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习,乙组不予复习, 一天后甲组保持9
10、8乳乙组保持56%; 一周后甲组保持83%,乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘 平均值比甲组高。二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线而且,艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现,记住12个无意义音节,平均需要重复16. 5 次;为了记住36个无意义章节,需重复54次;而记忆六首诗中的480个音节,平均只 需要重复8次!这个实验告诉我们,凡是理解了的知识,就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。 不然,愣是死记硬背,那也是费力不讨好的。因此,比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材 料,而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气,在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。 因此,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线,而且是对无意义的音节而言,对于与
11、 其他材料的对比,艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线,不过他们大体上都 是一致的。因此,艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理,学习要勤于复习,而且记忆的理解 效果越好,遗忘的也越慢。三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线一个性化的艾宾浩斯上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后,产生了不同的记忆 数据,从而生成的一种曲线,是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试 验个人的个性特点,而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人,因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同,可能导致 我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行
12、为,只能 起一个催化的作用,如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合,那么就如顺水扬帆,一日千里; 如果与个人记忆特点相悖,记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此,我们要根据每个人的不同特 点,寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线2如何学英语下定决心,坚持不懈英语学习作为一门语言技能,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说, 英语学习的原则是听、说领先,读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡,首先建立起我能学 好英语的信心,然后以句子为单位,大量地模仿,疯狂地操练,大声地朗读,最后达到 自如地说英语,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语, 一年后,学成出国当口语翻译,并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、
13、逆速成的逆向学习英语 的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法,他的方法强调以听为主, 并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳,他学习英语用坏了十几 台录音机,你可想象他听了多少英语;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉耀,你可想 象他写了多少,在一年半内,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,也就说每天抽出几 个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样,一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持,只要能 下定决心,坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。 注意方法,循序渐进决心下定,还注意学习方法,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的,选择不同的学习 方法,但是学习英语
14、一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好,也 就是说,发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。(1)要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确,注意改正有问题的音素,特别是那些容易 混淆的音素,尽早地掌握国际音标,并尽量的掌握一些读音规则,尽快地能利用读音规 则来拼单词,掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。(2)掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关,学习单词要 从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握,要注意单词的一词多义,一词多类的用法,要学 会一些构词法的知识,来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学,要结合词组,通 过句子,阅读文章来活记单词,
15、死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前,先反复听, 听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏,想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语 法规则有机结合起来进行。(3)掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要,它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本 规律,通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。 总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练,不但要注意数量,更重要的是要 注意质量,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,熟练。只有经过大量的实践,才能做到熟能 生巧,运用自如。提前预习,有的放矢作为学生,在每次上课前,都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读 单词,也可以借助配套磁
16、带反复听,对比一下,把握不准的要标出来,注意上课老师的 发音,还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料,预习一遍课文, 找出不明白的地方,做到心中有数,在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之,预习的目的 是熟悉要学的内容,找出不明白的地方,带着问题听课,做到有的放矢。认真听课,积极配合课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方 引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的,但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作 好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的,要向老师 提出,把问题搞清楚,老师讲授的问题,先注意听,下课后整理一下笔记,反复
17、思考一 下这些问题,抓住老师所讲的重点,难点和考点。总之,上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴 动、脑想,调动起多个感官来。完成作业,找出问题学完每一课,要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案,做完后再 对答案,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题,应该记下来,等下次上课时提出来。做作 业是英语学习的很重要的环节,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,一定要认真完成规定 的作业,笔头作业要动一动笔,口头作业要动一动嘴,提高听力要练一练耳,课文在听 和读的基础上,最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之,要做大量的练习,英语是练出来的,一 定不要偷懒。及时复习,巩固知识学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,但学语言有
18、遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为 有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于 类比,总结知识,把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建 立错误档案记录,加深印象,以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获 得的,及时复习对于记忆非常必要,学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练,不断地重复基本 句型,常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。总而言之,只要你能做到下定决心学,注意学习方法,把课前预习,认真听课,完成作 业,及时复习这些环节作好了,你一定能够学好英语()Once upon a time, there lived a
19、rich man. He had a servant (彳卜人).He and the servant (仆人) loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that.One mo
20、rning, when he left home, he said to the servant, MHere are two bottles of poison (毒药)and some nice food in the house. You must take of them. ” With these words, he went out.But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal.
21、 Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldnt find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished, so he dran
22、k the poison to kill himself.()1. In the story, liked wine and good food very much.A. the rich man B. the servant C. both A and B D. neither A and B()2. The rich man knew that it was that drank the wine and ateup all the nice food.A. the cat B. himself C. nobody D. the servant()3. The rich told the
23、servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because .A. there was in fact poison in the bottlesB. did not want the servant to drink his wineC. he wanted to kill the catD. he wanted to kill the servant()4. In fact, ate all the nice food and drank the wine.A. the servant B. cat C. the rich man D
24、. nobody()5. From the story,we know that the servant is veryA. lazy B. bad C. clever D. kind译文:从前,有一个富翁。他有一个仆人(仆人)。他和仆人(仆人)喜爱葡萄酒和良好 的食物非常。每次富人离开家乡,仆人将喝葡萄酒,吃的所有食物中的好房子。财主知 道他的仆人一样,但他从来没有被他的仆人这样做。一天早晨,当他离家出走,他的仆人说,“这里有两瓶毒药(毒药)和一些不错的 食品在家里。你必须采取什么样的。“随着这些话,他走了出去。但仆人知道,富人说是不真实的。在富人是远离家乡,他喜欢聚餐的空间。因为他 喝太多
25、,他是喝醉了倒在地上。当富人回来了,他无法找到自己的粮食和他的葡萄酒。 他非常生气。他醒来的仆人了。但是,仆人告诉他的故事非常好。他说,猫吃了一切。 他害怕受到惩罚,所以他喝毒药自杀。(二)Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American families have one or two parents and one or two children each. ChiIdren in the US will leave their parents* home when
26、they grow up. They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often write to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on hoiiday.Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think it important for young people
27、 to decide on their lives by themselves.Chi Idren are asked to do some work around their house. And in many fami 1 ies, children are paid for doing some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use.()6. The size of most American families is that of other countries.A. larger thanB
28、. smaller than C. as big as D. as small as()7. When children grow up, they leave their parents* home to.A. get marriedB. be free C. find good jobsD. study()8. They visit their parents .A. on weekdays B. on weekends C. at any time D. on holiday()9. Which of the following statements is WRONG?A. Childr
29、en have the freedom to choose their own job.B. Parents don*t ask their children to do the housework.C. Parents think it important for children to make their own decision. D. When children grow up, they usually live far away from their home. ()10. Some parents pay their children for doing housework b
30、ecauseA. children can learn how to make money for themselvesB. their children required them to do soC. they are richD. it is required by law译文;大多数美国家庭都小于家庭在其他国家。大多数美国家庭有一个或两个家长和一个 或两个孩子。孩子在美国;将离开自己的父母家中长大后。他们通常远离他们的父母,因为他们想 找到好工作。他们经常写信给他们的父母或电话他们。他们往往去访问他们的父母在度 假。父母通常让孩子选择自己的就业机会。美国人认为,重要的青年人来决定他们的
31、生 活本身。儿童被要求做一些工作,他们的房子周围。而且在许多家庭,儿童是支付做一些家 务劳动,使他们了解如何赚钱供自己使用。(三)Can dolphins talk? Maybe they cant talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds.Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a “school”. They dont study, but they travel together.Dolphins talk
32、 to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say MwelcomeMwhen a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds
33、 because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them.Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium (水族馆) People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins dont like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely (孤独的).There are many stor
34、ies about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebodys life. Dolphin meat is good, but people don*t like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.1. Dolphins show their feelings with .A. pictures B. wordsC. water D. sounds2. People cant hear the dol
35、phins sounds because .A. theyareabove thewaterB. theyareunder thewaterC. theyarevery highD. theyarevery low3. Which one is true according to the passage?A. Dolphins swim together in a school because they want to studyB. They dont study, but they travel in a groupC. Dolphins like to be away from thei
36、r school on an island.D. Dolphins like to kill people译文;海豚可以谈话?也许他们不能谈论的话,但他们交谈的声音。他们表明自己的感情 的声音。海豚旅行的一组。我们呼吁一群鱼“学校”。他们没有研究,但他们一起旅行。海豚跟其他海豚在学校。他们提供资料。他们告诉当他们感到高兴的或悲伤或害怕 的倾向。他们说,“欢迎”时,海豚又回到学校。他们谈到当他们发挥。他们提出一些听起来水面。他们有更多的声音在水中。人们无法听到这些声音,因 为它们是非常,非常高。科学家使磁带的声音和研究。有时人们捕捉海豚的一个大型水族馆(水族馆)。人们可以观看海豚表演。海豚 不喜
37、欢离开自己的学校,一座水族馆。它们是令人伤心和孤独(孤独的)。有许多故事海豚。它们帮助人们。有时候,他们拯救别人的生命。海豚肉是好的, 但人们不喜欢要杀死他们。他们说,海豚带来好运。许多人相信这一点。(四)Al 1 my friends at school smoked. My dad smoked; he didn*t want me to smoke but my friends kept saying I was stupid. They asked when I was going to grow up. So I started when I was sixteen and afte
38、r a month I couldnt stop. But two years later I could feel what smoking was doing to me. I couldnt run far, and I coughed every morning. I got very ill and decided to stop. It wasn*t easy, but now Ive done it, and I feel better. Now I have money for other things.If you smoke, you are twice as likely
39、 to die from a heart attack. And the more you smoke, the earlier the heart attack is likely to be. For example, a 50-year-old who smokes more than 20 cigarettes a day, is four times more likely to have heart disease than a non-smoker of the same age.What does smoking do to the heart? First of all, i
40、t makes the heart beat faster and increases the blood pressure. The cigarette smoke also reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood. Consequently, the heart has to work harder, with less oxygen. Finally, your arteries will narrow faster if you smoke.So if you want to reduce your chances of getting he
41、art disease, the answer is easy not to smoke. Dont copy your friends and other people who smoke. If you smoke, find out how to stop. Stopping isnt easy, but youll be healthier, and .1. Whois more likelytohave heart disease?A. AsmokerB. Anon-smokerC. A50-year-oldperson2. What does the writer think of
42、 smoking?A. It is good for his healthB. Smoking is bad for himC. Is it neither good nor bad for his heath3. What happens after the writer stopped smoking?A. He becomes richB. He has more friendsC. He becomes healthier and has money to do other things.译文:我的所有朋友在学校吸烟。我爸爸抽烟,他不希望我抽烟,但我的朋友不停地说我 是愚蠢的。他们同我
43、要长大。所以我就开始当我还是16和一个月后,我不能停止。但 两年后,我能感觉到什么吸烟正在给我。我不能远,我每天早上咳嗽。我病得很重,并 决定停止。这是不容易的,但现在我已经做到了,我感觉更好。现在,我有足够资金用 于其它事上。如果你吸烟,你的两倍,可能死于心脏病发作。和你越是烟雾,越早心脏病发作可 能。例如,一个50岁谁吸烟超过20支,每天的4倍更可能有心脏病比不吸烟的年龄相 同。吸烟是什么做的心?首先,它使心跳速度和增加血压。在香烟烟雾中也减少了血液 中的氧气。因此,心脏必须加倍努力,以较少的氧。最后,您将动脉狭窄更快如果你吸 烟。因此如果您想降低您的机会越来越心脏病,答案是很简单-不要吸
44、烟。请勿复制您 的朋友和其他人谁烟雾。如果你吸烟,了解如何停止。停车是不容易的,但你会更健康, 并.(五)In the USA, there are many types of restaurants. Fast food restaurants are very famous. You can find McDonalds and Kentucky Fried Chicken in many countries around the world. You look at a menu above the counter, and say what youd like to eat. You
45、pay the person who serves you. You take your food and sit down or take it away. Theres no need to leave a tip.In a coffee shop you sit at the counter or at a table. You dont wait for the waitress to show you where to sit. She usually brings you coffee when you sit down. You tell her what youd like t
46、o eat and she brings it to you. You pay the cashier as you leave. A diner is like a coffee shop but usually looks like a railway carriage.In a family restaurant the atmosphere is casual, but the waitress shows you where to sit. Often the waitress tells you her name, but you dont need to tell her you
47、rs. If you dont eat everything, your waitress gives you a doggy bag to take your food home. You add an extra fifteen percent to the bill as a tip.In top class restaurants, you need a reservation and you need to arrive on time. The waiter shows you where to sit. If you have wine, he may ask you to ta
48、ste it. You can only refuse it if it tastes bad, not if you dont like it. When you get your bill, check it and then add fifteen to twenty percent to it as a tip for the waiter.1. There are types of restaurants here.A. three B. four C. five D. six2. We should sit in a coffee shop.A. near the door B. in the cornerC. at a counterD. on the floor3. In what kind of restaurant does the waitress often tell you her name?A. In a top class restaurant B. In a fast food restaurantC. In a coffee shop D. In a family restau