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1、Boo k 2 Unit 4 Wildlife protectionUnit 41 .wildlife n. 野生动植物 3 .wild adj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的 run wild 自由生长，不受控制4.habitat n. 栖息地（动植物的）自然环境；5. threaten vt. & vi. 恐吓；威胁 n.恐吓；威胁 threat6 .decrease vi. & vt 减少； （使）变小；或变少decrease (sth.) to/by . 减少到/了increase vi.&vt. 增长；增长；增强 n.增长；增长的数量increase to/by . 增长到/了on
2、 the decrease/increase 在减少/增长易混辨析 reduce/decreasereduce 强调在“数量、大小，限度或强度”方面下降或减少。decrease 侧重强调“稳定地，逐渐地，不断地”减少。7 .endanger vt. 危害；使受到危险8 .die out 灭亡；逐渐消失die away （尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失;停止die down （兴奋、激动等情绪）渐弱；渐息；平息die off （家族，种族等）相继死亡；（草木）枯死die from/of 因而死；通常由疾病、饥寒、情感因素导致的死亡用 die of,除此之外的因素用die from。die for 渴
3、望；很想 die to do 渴望；很想Many species will soon die out if we dont take action.假如我们不采用行动，许多物种将不久灭绝。Many old customs have died out.许多旧的风俗已不复存在。 高手过招(1)单项填空This kind of plants are . Some day they will forever. （202312甘肃天水检测）A. dying off；die out B. dying away；die off C. dying down；die out D. dying out；die a
4、wayUnfortunately, the soldier died a wound in the chest. （202312山东德州检测）A. from B. out C. off D. down(2)用die的相关短语填空 （原创）The noise of the car in the distance.The old traditions are .The man a wound.Im something to eat. 解析:(1)选A。前面句子用了进行时，表达正在灭亡，故用die off。后面表达有一天会永远消失，故用die out。选A。根据句意此处soldier死的因素应当是胸
5、部受伤。(2)died away dying out died fromdying for 9 .loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失 表达“损失”是可数名词，常用复数。表达“遗失，丢失，丧失”。也可以表达战斗，比赛中“打输，失败”，是不可数名词。at a loss表达“不知所措，不知（如何是好），亏本地”。拓展：the loss of sth _ suffer a loss ( of ) _make up a loss _ at a loss _His sacrifice is a loss of our country.at a loss不知所措 without a loss毫无保存 make
6、 up a loss补偿损失at a loss 茫然；不知所措suffer great losses 遭受重大损失lose touch with 与失去联系get lostlose ones way 迷路be lost inlose oneself in 埋头于10 .reserve n. 保护区 a forest reserve 保护林 reservation n. 预定；保存reserve vt. 储备；预订11 .hunt vt. & vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻： hunt for 试图找到(某人/物)hunt after 探求；追求go hunting _ hunt for _12 .z
7、one n. 地区；地带；地区 time zone, a danger zone, the war zone13 .in peace 和平地；和睦地；安祥地 peace n. peaceful adj. peacefully=in peace adv.The Chinese live in peace after liberation.in peace 和平地；安心地，安详的at peace 和平地；安静地(与at war相对)at peace with 与和平相处(与at war with相对)make peace with 与讲和 keep/break the peace 维持/破坏治安p
8、eaceful a安静的；宁静的peacefully adv.安静地，宁静地14 .in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危be in danger of 有的危险be out of danger 脱离危险be a danger to sb./sth. 危险的人/因素be dangerous for 对有危险endanger vt. 危害，危及endangered adj. 有危险的；濒临灭绝的 The girls life was obviously in immediate danger. 很明显,这女孩的生命危在旦夕。The sick man is in danger of deat
9、h. 这位病人有死亡的危险。The wounded policeman is now out of danger. 受伤的警察已脱离危险。15 .species n. 种类；物种16 .carpet n. 地毯17 .respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反映respond to 对回答/有反映/有作用respond that.回答说in response to 回答；回应give/make a response to.对作出回答/回应respond with a smile 以微笑回答respond with a blow 报之一击18 .distant adj. 远的；远处的 n 距离
10、在远处19 .fur n. 毛皮；毛；软毛20 .antelope n. 羚羊21 .relief n. （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 in relief 如释重负；松了口气relief from sth. 解除；减轻breathe a sigh of relief 舒了一口气to my relief 令我感到解脱的是relieve ones mind 解除某人的顾虑relieve sb. of sth. 解除某人的(承担等)22 .laughter n. 笑；笑声 burst into laughter 忽然笑起来；大声笑了出来23 .mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯at t
11、he mercy of sb./sth. 任由某人(某事物)摆布或控制have mercy on/upon 对有怜悯心show mercy to sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。Its a mercy she wasnt hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。24 .certain adj. 拟定的；某一；一定1)for certain无疑地；拟定地make certain (that.)弄清楚；弄明白；弄的确make certain
12、of sth./of doing sth.保证（做某事）(2)make sure of sth./doing sth.把弄清楚；保证make sure that.务必；保证be sure of (about) sth./doing sth.表达“确信”，指句子的主语对某事有信心。be sure to do sth.表达“一定会做某事”，指说话者对某事有信心或命令别人做某事。25 .importance n. 重要（性） be of great importance 26 .WWF(Word Wildlife Fund) 世界野生生物基金会27 rub vt. 擦；摩擦28 .protectfr
13、om 保护不受（危害）2 .protection n. 保护 2）protect 作动词，表达“保护，警戒”，常与from连用。protect与against连用，表达“防御袭击”。名词protection后面常与against，of连用。相同用法protect .against .后接较大的事情，如：战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。keep sb. from doing sth. prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事defend .from/against保卫以抵御 易混辨析 defend/prote
14、ct/guard/preserve defend 保卫；防护；防守（具有采用措施抵制进攻的意思）；protect 常具有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 具有看守的意思；preserve 指采用措施维护、保护、保存。You must learn to protect yourself from the danger.你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.一
15、位警察正守卫在大使馆出口处。It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。 高手过招单项填空Use the umbrella to yourself from the rain. （原创）A. prevent B. protect C. defend D. protection 解析：选B。prevent sb. from doing sth.防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb. from doing sth.；protect sb. from sth.保护某人免遭伤害
16、；defend保卫；防护；防守（具有采用措施抵制进攻的意思）。protect.from/against.保护免受save.from.使免遭free.from.把从解放出来prevent/stop/keep.from.阻止干提醒：prevent/stop.from.中的from在积极句中可以省略，而keep.from.中的from不能省略29 .mosquito n. 蚊子30 .millipede n.(=millepede) 千足虫31 .insect n. 昆虫32 .contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍vt. 涉及；包含include侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体与部分的关
17、系。后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。The trip includes a visit to Beijing. 旅行涉及到北京参观。联想拓展contain vt. 表达“包含，具有；能容纳”，侧重指内容或成分，其主语和宾语不属于同类。This fruit contains a lot of vitamins.这个水果具有丰富的维他命。hold vt. 表达“容纳；盛有”；表达“里面装有”时可与contain互换。This room can hold 50 people.这间屋子能容纳50人。(1)用include的适当形式填空Our group has ten students, Tom .
18、We will learn 7 subjects this term, PE.(2)单项填空 Even if they didnt the cost of food in the tour, its still a cheap vacation to the U.S.A. Hold B. contain C. share D. Include解析：(1)included including(2) 选D。根据句意可知用“涉及”。而contain多用来强调所包含的内容本来就是物体固有的一部分。33 .powerful adj. 强大的；有力的34 .affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭effec
19、t n. have an effect on; have a good/bad effect on The computer game has a bad effect on students study. side effect副作用 This kind of medicine has side effect.affect/effect/influence affect vt.表达“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表达引起心智或感情上的影响，即“使感动”。 effect 表达“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种因素直接产生的结果，常用短语为：have an eff
20、ect on对有影响；in effect正在实行；事实上；side effect副作用；take effect开始实行；开始生效；without effect没有效果；come into effect生效；实行；bring/carry sth. into effect使生效；be of no effect 无效果。influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等导致某种限度的影响。The disease is beginning to affect her brain.疾病逐渐侵袭她的大脑。 We are deeply affected by
21、 his devotion to work.他对工作的奉献令我们深受感动。 The book had a great influence on his life. 这本书对他的人生影响很大。 He is, in effect, my rival. 事实上，他是我的竞争对手。 35 .attention n. 注意；关注；注意力 pay attention to 注意联想拓展bring sth. to ones attention 使某事引起某人注意call/draw ones attention to sth. 使某人注意某事draw/catch/attract ones attention
22、引起某人的注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on sth. 集中注意力于某事物You should pay attention to your spelling.你要注意自己的拼写。draw/get/attract/catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 That handsome boy attracts/catches/draws/gets her attention. fix/focus ones attention on sth. 讲精神、注意力集中于They fix/focus my attention on that
23、handsome guy.pay attention to sth. Please pay attention to what I said just now.36 .appreciate vt. 鉴赏；感激；意识到vt.欣赏；感激；意识到；体会；理解 appreciate后可接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。表达“感激，感谢”时，其后的宾语只能为“物”，不能为“人”。其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即：appreciate it if/when .。 易混辨析appreciate/thankappreciate 意为“感激，感
24、谢”时的结构为： appreciate (doing) sth. appreciate it if/when .thank表达“感谢”时的结构为：thank sb. for sth.。I appreciate your ability very much.我很欣赏你的能力。We shall appreciate hearing from you again.能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。I appreciate that you have come here so early.感谢你来得这么早。I would appreciate it very much if you would he
25、lp me with it.假如你能帮助我做这件事，我将不胜感激。 37 .succeed vi. 成功 vt. 接替；继任翻译：这个实验成功了。_暴风雨之后是一切宁静。 _观测：I hope you will succeed in your efforts. succeed in _拓展：成功 n. _ 成功的 adj. _ 成功地 adv. _success nU成功；成就C成功者；达成目的的人或事物successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地38 .rhino n. 犀牛39 .secure adj. 安全的；可靠的40 .income n. 收入41 .
26、employ vt. 雇用；运用（时间、精力等）in the employ of 受雇用in sb.s employ 受雇用out of employ 失业employ oneself on 从事于；花时间在employ oneself (in) doing 从事于；花时间在42 .harm n. & vt. 损害；危害作名词用时为_，词组为_e.g. The drought (干旱) did a lot of harm to the crops.作动词时为_，43 .Milu deer 麋鹿44 .bite vt. & vi. (bit, bitten)咬；叮；刺痛45 .extinctio
27、n n. 灭绝；消亡46 .dinosaur n. 恐龙47 .come into being 形成；产生形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时）联想拓展come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在come into effect/force/operation开始生效；开始实行come into use 开始被使用come into power上台执政come into fashion 开始流行come into office 就职come into action 开始行动We do not know when this world came into being. 我们不知道世界是何时形成的。 come into effect/force/operation开始生效/执行/实行48 .county n. 县；郡49 .inspect vt. 检查；视察50 .unexpected adj. 没料到的；意外的51 .incident n. 事件；事变52 .dust n. 灰尘；尘土；尘埃53 .according to 按照；根据所说54 .disappearance n. 消失55 .fierce adj. 凶猛的；剧烈的56 .so that 以致于；结果57 .ending n. 结局；结尾58 .faithfully adv. 忠诚地；忠实地