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1、Passage 1The Road to HappinessThere are a great many people who have all the material conditions of happiness, i.e. health and a sufficient income, and who, nevertheless, are profoundly unhappy. In such cases it would seem as if the fault must lie with a wrong theory as to how to live. In one sense,
2、 we may say that any theory as to how to live is wrong. We imagine ourselves more different from the animals than we are. Animals live on impulse, and are happy as long as external conditions are favorable. If you have a cat, it will enjoy life if it has food and warmth and opportunities for an occa
3、sional night on the tiles. Your needs are more complex than those of your cat, but they still have their basis on instinct. In civilized societies, especially in English-speaking societies, this is too apt to be forgotten. People propose to themselves some one paramount objective, and restrain all i
4、mpulses that do not minister to it.A businessman may be so anxious to grow rich that to this end he sacrifices health and private affections. When at last he has become rich, no pleasure remains to him except harrying other people by exhortations to imitate his noble example. Many rich ladies, altho
5、ugh nature has not endowed them with any spontaneous pleasure in literature or art, decide to be thought cultured, and spend boring hours learning the right thing to say about fashionable new books that are written to give delight, not to afford opportunities for dusty snobbism.Passage 2Love Is Diff
6、icultIt is good to love, but love is difficult. For one human being to love another human being is perhaps the most difficult task that has been entrusted to us the ultimate task, the final test and proof, the work for which all other work is merely preparation. That is why young people, who are beg
7、inners in everything, are not yet capable of love: it is something they must learn. With their whole being, with all their forces, gathered around their solitary, anxious, upward-beating heart, they must learn to love. But learning time is always a long, secluded time ahead and far on into life, and
8、 is solitude, a heightened and deepened kind of aloneness for the person who loves. Loving does not at first mean merging, surrendering or uniting with another person; it is a high inducement for the individual to ripen, to become something in himself, to become world in himself for the sake of anot
9、her person; it is a great, demanding claim on him, something that chooses him and calls him to vast distances. Only in this sense, as the task of working on themselves, may young people use the love that is given to them. Merging and surrendering and every kind of communion is not for them, who must
10、 still, for a long, long time, save and gather themselves; it is the ultimate, it is perhaps that for which human lives are as yet barely large enough.Passage 3Business of Insurance CompaniesInsurance companies do two types of business. One is general insurance against various forms of risk, and the
11、 other is long-term insurance which is mainly life insurance.General insurers will agree to pay a person or company a sum of money in the event of something happening or not happening. It s a big business today. If the project succeeds, shareholders in your company will expect to be paid a dividend.
12、 If you ask an insurer to underwrite your project, then he will require a payment in advance, a premium. If the project succeeds, he keeps the premium, but you don t pay him anything else. Paying a premium to an insurer or underwriter is often cheaper than paying a dividend to shareholders. If fewer
13、 dividends are paid to shareholders, then more money can be kept as retention to finance the company s next project.Another type of insurance business is the life insurance. It differs basically from general insurance in that it is based not on risk but on certainty the certainty that each of us wil
14、l one day die. Life insurance is the basis of pension funds which provide for retirement and guard against other contingencies such as ill-health, but is best seen by the financial economist as a means of collecting many small savings to put together into large investments, in short, as a form of in
15、termediation.Passage 4Seasonal Affective DisorderSome people feel sad or depressed during the winter months in northern areas of the world. They may have trouble eating or sleeping. They suffer from a condition known as Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SA-D.Victims of S-A-D suffer its effects during
16、the short, dark days of winter. The problems are most severe in the months when there are fewer hours of daylight. When spring arrives, these signs disappear and S-A-D victims feel well again.The National Mental Health Association reports that S-A-D can affect anyone. The group says young people and
17、 women are at the highest risk for the disorder. It says that an estimated 25 percent of the American population suffers from some form of S-A-D. About 5 percent suffer from a severe form of the disorder. Many people in other parts of the world also have the condition.The idea of health problems lin
18、ked to a lack of light is not new. Scientists have discussed the issue since the beginning of medicine. More than two-thousand years ago, the Greek doctor Hippocrates noted that the seasons affect human emotions.Today, experts do not fully understand S-A-D, and yet they agree that it is a very real
19、disorder.To treat the disorder, victims of S-A-D do not need to wait until spring. Experts know that placing affected individuals in bright light each day eases the condition. There are other things people can do to ease the problem. They can increase the sunlight in their homes and workplaces and s
20、pend more time outdoors in the fresh air during the day.One study found that walking for an hour in winter sunlight was as effective as spending two-and-one-half hours under bright light indoors.Passage 5Success Is a ChoiceAll of us ought to be able to brace ourselves for the predictable challenges
21、and setbacks that crop up everyday. If we expect that life won t be perfect, we 11 be able to avoid that impulse to quit. But even if you are strong enough to persist the obstacle course of life and work, sometimes you will encounter an adverse event that will completely knock you on your back.Wheth
22、er it s a financial loss, the loss of respect of your peers or loved ones, or some other traumatic events in your life, these major setbacks leave you doubting yourself and wondering if things can ever change for the better again.Adversity happens to all of us, and it happens all the time. Some form
23、 of major adversity is either going to be there or it s lying in wait just around the comer. To ignore adversity is to succumb to the ultimate self delusion.But you must recognize that history is full of examples of men and women who achieved greatness despite facing hurdles so steep that easily cou
24、ld have crashed their spirit and left them lying in the dust. Moses was a stutterer, yet he was called on to be the voice of God. Abraham Lincoln overcame all difficulties during the Civil War to become our arguable greatest president ever. Helen Keller made an impact on the world despite being deaf
25、, dumb, and blind from an early age. Franklin Roosevelt had polio.There are endless examples. These were people who not only looked adversity in the face but learned valuable lessons about overcoming difficult circumstances and were able to move ahead.Passage 6Is Television a Blessing or a Curse?It
26、is universally accepted that television is playing an important part in people s lives. But, there is an ongoing heated discussion as to whether television is a blessing or a curse.Television keeps one better informed about current affairs, allows one to follow the latest developments in politics an
27、d science, and offers a great variety of programs which are both instructive and stimulating. The most distant countries, the strangest customs and the most attractive scenes of nature are brought right into one s room or household.However, some people insist that television is a curse rather than a
28、 blessing. They argue that it has brought about many serious problems. The major one is its effects on young people. Children are now so used to getting their information and entertainment from television that their literacy as well as physical ability has been greatly weakened. Even worse than that
29、, vulgar commercials and indecent programs may cultivate their bad tastes, distort their view-points towards human life to such a degree that their minds might be corrupted.To sum up, television has both advantages and disadvantages. What ever effects it has, one point is certain, television in itse
30、lf is neither good nor bad. It is the use to which it is put that determines its value to society.Passage 7Few US Workers Who Could Telecommute Do SoOne-quarter of the U.S. work force could be doing their jobs from home if all those able to telecommute chose to do so, and all those people working fr
31、om home could translate into annual gasoline savings of $3.9 billion, according to the National Technology Readiness Survey. However, many still select to work at the office. The study found that 2 percent of U.S. workers telecommute full-time and another 9 percent do so part-time. But another 14 pe
32、rcent of workers have the option of telecommuting, or have jobs conductive to the practice but choose not to. *The numbers suggest that many people would rather work at the office even if their job allowed telecommuting,M said Professor P.K. Kannan, of the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the U
33、niversity of Maryland. That seems to suggest that even if employers were to say tomorrow that everybody had the option of telecommuting and you would save a lot of gas, that* s not going to happen. An hypothesis could be that people still need the face time with their bosses. Another thing is people
34、 miss the social interaction, just being at home. And with a median one-way commute of 10 miles and a median one-way commute time of 20 minutes, the daily trip for many workers is not that bad, he added. Of those who can already telecommute, most do so only one, two or three days per week, the study
35、 found.Passage 8The Wholeness of LifeThere is a wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and not feel like a failure for doing so. There is a wholeness about the man or woman who has learned that he or she is
36、 strong enough to go through a tragedy and survive, she can lose someone and still feel like a complete person.Life is not a trap set for us by God so that he can condemn us for failing. Life is not a spelling bee, where no matter how many words you have gotten right, you are disqualified if you mak
37、e one mistake. Life is more like a baseball season, where even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. When we accept that imperfection is part of being human, and when we can continue rolling through
38、life and appreciate it, we will have achieved a wholeness that others can only aspire to. That, I believe, is what God asks of us not “Be perfect, but Be whole.If we are brave enough to love, strong enough to forgive, generous enough to rejoice in another * s happiness, and wise enough to know there
39、 is enough love to go around for us all, then we can achieve a fulfillment that no other living creature will ever know.Passage 9Workplace FriendshipsA study into workplace relationships has found having a close friend at work can be a major distraction.Respondents cited excessive chatting, having t
40、oo much fun and an inability to separate work from play as contributing to a lack of focus.“When faced with a work-related problem many people will prioritize their friendship over their responsibilities to their organization, which businesses may find concerning, said psychologist and Auckland Univ
41、ersity of Technology lecturer, Dr. Rachel Morrison. Workplace friendships are like a double-edged sword. The benefits of a friendly workplace can be really positive, but organizations should be aware of the potential difficulties and how to manage friendships at work.According to the study, many peo
42、ple were concerned about going softer with their friends and being expected to treat them with special privileges.People naturally want to make their friends feel special, but this conflicts with organizational practices or norms that are set up around fairness and equality. Difficulty in managing t
43、hese expectations can create tension in the relationship.Respondents also experienced a great deal of anxiety about speaking to close friends about substandard work. A basic rule of friendship is being non-judgmental and accepting your friends weaknesses, but giving critical performance feedback con
44、flicts with this.We also found issues related to confidentiality practices, which could mean friends have to refrain from sharing information. This can be really challenging for close friendships that have norms of openness and disclosure, Dr. Morrison said.Dr. Morrison said organizations should try
45、 to provide friendly environments and encourage workplace friendships, but have policies in place to manage potential difficulties.Passage 10Lx)ve Your LifeHowever mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it or call it hard names. It is not so bad as you are. It looks poorest when you are
46、 richest. The fault-finder will find faults even in paradise. Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a poorhouse. The setting sun is reflected from the window of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich man s abode; the snow melts bef
47、ore its door as early in the spring. I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there, and have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace. The town s poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any. Maybe they are simply great enough to receive without misgivings. Most think th
48、at they are above being supported by the town; but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means, which should be more disreputable. Cultivate poverty like a garden herb, like sage. Do not trouble yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends. Turn t
49、o the old, turn to them. Things do not change; we change. Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts.Passage 11Man Is Here for the Sake of Other MenStrange is our situation here upon earth. Each of us comes for a short visit, not knowing why, and yet sometimes seeming to divine a purpose.From the standpoint of daily life, however, there is one thing we do know that man is here for the sake of other men above all for the countless unknown souls