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1、小升初专项梳理（一）词汇代词一、人称代词人称主格宾格第一人称我1me我们weus第二人称你youyou你们youyou第三人称他hehim她sheher它itit他们、她们它们theythem代词二、物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词my（我的）mine（我的+名词）our （我们的）ours （我们的+名词）your （你（们）的）yours （你（们）的+名词）his （他的）his （他的+名词）her （她的）hers （她的+名词）its （它的）its （它的+名词）their （他/她/它们的）theirs （他/她/它们的+名词）举例： my dog=mine Its my
2、 dog./ The dog is mine.名词一：名词变复数（只有可数名词才有复数）1）一般情况直接加s book-books2）以 s, x,sh,ch 结尾的加 es bus-buses重点：这两个以。结尾的也加 es potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes3）辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加es family-families4）以 f（fe）结尾常变 f（fe）为 v 加 es leaf-leaves5）有些名词本身就只有复数性质shorts（短裤）、clothes （衣服）、pants（长裤）.6）不规则变化（加强记忆） man-men; woman-women
3、; mouse-mice; child-children; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; sheep-sheep名词二：不可数名词的量表示方法：1） some, much,a little,a lot of Jots of +不可数名词，表示多少。2）既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：some /a lot of /lots of /any等。There is some water in the bottle .瓶子里有一些水。There are some books on the desk.课桌上有一些书。3）用【数词+量词+of+
4、可数名词】表示，即a .of表示。a pair of shoes （一双鞋）/ two pairs of shoes（两双鞋）名词三：名词的所有格有些名词的可以加来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词的形式称为该名词的所有格。1）单数名词词尾加，S,复数名词词尾如没有s,也要加，s。Jimsmother（吉姆的母亲）、childrens books（儿童书籍）2）若名词已有复数词尾-s,只力即可。如the studentsbooks学生们的书数词（基数词和序数词）表示顺序的词为序数词，它由基数词变为序数词方法如下：构成方法示例一般情况加thfour-fourth整十将基数词词尾y变为ie,再加tht
5、wenty-一twentieth两位以上的基数词，仅将个位数变成序数词twenty-one twenty-first特殊情况特殊记one-first; two-second; three-third；five-fifth ；eight-eighth； nine-ninth；twelve-twelfth冠词l）a用于辅音读音开头名词前表示一（件，个）2） an用于元音读音开头名词前，表示一（件，个）3）它和名次连用表示某个或某些特指的人或物。它在辅音读音前读【徐】，在元音读音前读【注：】。4）球类运动前不加the,乐器前必须加the.同义词student-pupil（学生）startbegin
6、（开始）street-road （道路）near-next to （附近）shop-buy （购买）fastquick （快的）beautiful-一pretty （美丽）paint-draw （画）lessonclass （课程）kidchild （孩子）holiday-vacation （假期）enjoylove （喜欢）giftpresent （礼物）shop-store （商店）picturephoto （照片）learn-study （学习）同音词see（看见）一sea （大海）where （哪里）一wear （穿）know （知道）一no （不）too （也）two （二）meat
7、 （肉）meet （见面）sun （太阳）-son （儿子）for （为，给）一four （四）hour （小时）-our （我们的）1（我）一eye （眼睛）buy （买）-bye （再见）反义词new （新的）-old （旧的）thin （瘦的）-fat/heavy （胖的）tall （高的）一short （矮的）long （长的）-short （短的）big （大的）一small （小的）near （近的）-far （远的）find （找到）一lost （丢失）quiet （文静的）active （活泼的）kind （友善的）一strict （严厉的）hot （热的）-cold （冷的）
8、go （走）-stop （停）young （年轻的）old （年老的）finish （结束）一 begin/start （开始）early （早的）late （晚的）left （左）一right （右）easy （容易的）一difficult （困难的）cheap （便宜的）一expensive （昂贵的）对应词brother （哥哥弟弟）一 sister （姐姐妹妹）uncle （叔叔）一 aunt （阿姨）grandfather （夕卜（祖）父grandmother（外（祖）母）man （男士）woman （女士）mother （妈妈）一father （爸爸）this （这个）that （
9、那个）morning （早上）一evening （傍晚）tomorrow （明天）一 yesterday （昨天）daughter （女儿）-son （儿子）these （这些）一those （那些）动词单三（动词由原形变为第三人称单数）1）一般直接加 sreadreads2）以 s. x, ch, sh 结尾力口 es watch-watches3）以o结尾加es dodoes4）辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加esstudystudies动词的ing形式（现在分词）1）一般直接加 ing readreading2）不发音e结尾去e加ing havehaving3）重读闭音节，双写辅音字母加ing
10、sit-sitting;get-getting;runrunningshopshopping 动词过去式swim-swimming1）一般直接加 edplayplayed2）e 结尾只加 dlike-liked3）辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加edstudystudied4）重读闭音节，双写辅音字母后加ed stopstopped5）小学阶段出现过的不规则变化（强化记忆）dodid;make-made;gowenthave-had;take-took;am/iswasarewere;buybought;can-couldeatate;fall-felldrink-drank;feelfelt;fi
11、nd-found;getgothurt-hurt;read-read;see-sawsleepslepttelltold;wake-woke形容词的比较级1.一般在词尾直接加erlonglonger2.以不发音的字母e结尾的在词尾直接加r nicenicer3 .以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，该y为i再加er heavyheavier4 .重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er thinthinner big-bigger5 .小学阶段出现的不规则变化good/well-bettermany/muchmore同步训练一、Read and choose.选词填空。1. Our
12、English teacher is so(kind/strict). We often play with her.2. Lisa is very(quiet/active), she has a lot of friends.1. 1 wear size 36 shoes. She wears 38 shoes. My feet are(bigger/ small/ smaller) than her shoes.4. Tom is(taller/tallest) than any other boys in our class.5. Km very(thirsty/ hungry). L
13、ets have some food in the restaurant together.6. My sister is the(tall/taller/tallest) girl of the three.7. 一How tall are you?一Im 1.62 metres(tall/taller).8. How is your mother fee ling now?Shes feeling(good/better) now.9. Oh, taking a bus is(fast/faster) than walking.10. Who is ( strong/ stronger),
14、 Tim or Tom?二、Read and write.用单词的正确形式填空。1. Our classroom is on the(five) floor.2. There are five( child) on the grass.1. 1 took many(photo) over my holiday.4. In autumn, you can see lots of(leaf) under the tree.5. (I) book is on the desk. This one is(your).6. Would you like some(bread)?一No, thank yo
15、u.7. Tree Planting Day is on March(twelve).8. My brothers(foot) are bigger than mine.9. The(mouse)are afraid of the black cat.10. How many(sheep) can you see on the farm?三、Read a nd write.用所给动词的适当形式填空。Uohn(read) a book now2. Look! The boys(swim)3. what(do)you(do)yesterday?4. What are you going to(do
16、) tomorr ow?5. My mother will(buy) a new bike for me next week.6. My f ather(read) newspapers in the study every evening.7. My pen pal likes (sing).g My uncle(go) to Hainan last holiday.91|fs twelve oclock. I(have) lunch with my family now.10. Yesterday, I fell off my bike and(hurt) my foot.四、Read a
17、nd choose.单项选择。()1.What does Mr Li do?He is old worker.A. anB. aC./()2. She doesnt any water now.A. hasB. havingC. have()3.1 short when I was only five years old.A. amB. wasC. were()4.Look! What are the children doing?-They books under the tree.A. is readingB. readingC. are reading()5.When is your b
18、irthday?Its May. Its on May.A. on; twoB. in; secondC. in; two()6.How many are there in the picture?Five.A. monkeyB. sheepsC. children()7.Is the white dog?一No, its not.A. your; mineB. yours; mine C. yours; my()8.What are you going to do this Saturday?-Im going.A. swimingB. swimC. swimming()9. My brot
19、her ofte n books every morning.A. readsB. readC. is reading()10.Whats your hobby?I like pictures.A. drawB. drawsC. drawing答案一、l.kind 2.active 3.smaller 4.taller 5.hungry 6.tallest 7.tall 8.better 9.faster lO.stronger二、l.fifth 2.children 3.photos 4.leaves 5.My, yours 6.bread 7.twelfth 8.feet 9.mice 1
20、0.sheepl.is reading 2.are swimming 3.did; do 4.do 5.buy 6.reads 7.singing8.went 9.am having lO.hurt四、l.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C小升初专项梳理（二）句型一、陈述句陈述句用来说明一件事情或者陈述一个事实，表达说话人的看法、态度的句子叫做陈述句，陈述句的句尾用句号，读时用降调。（一）肯定的陈述句句式结构：1 .主语+系动词+表语He is a teacher.他是名老师。2 .主语+（情态）谓语+宾语I can speak English.我会说
21、英语。I go to school by bike.我骑自行车上学。（二）否定的陈述句1. be +notHe isnt a teacher.他不是名老师。2. 情态动词+not+动词原形I cant speak English.我不会说英语。3. do/does/did+not+动词原形I dont go to school on foot.我没有骑自行车上学。（三）否定式的缩写is not=isnt are not=aren/t can not=cant do not=don/t does not=doesn,twas not=wasn,t were not=weren,t did not
22、=didnzt will not=won,tmust not=mustn,t should not=shouldn,t二、祈使句表示请求、劝告、命令、建议或者祝愿的句子叫祈使句。（一）肯定的祈使句Be quiet!安静！ Please open the window,请打开窗户！（二）否定的祈使句1. 动词前面加dont或never.Dont be late for school next time.下次上学不要迟到了。Never do it again!不要再那样做了!2. No+doing,或 No+名词.No smoking!请勿吸烟！ No photos!请勿拍照！3. Let开头的祈
23、使句。Lets g o swimming.让我们去游泳吧。Let me have a try!让我试试!（三）特别提示祈使句并不是没有主语，祈使句的主语是第二人称you,为了加强语气，常省略。三、感叹句感叹句是表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情的句子。通常由what或how引导（）what引导的感叹句1. What+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式（+主语+谓语+其他）！What a pretty flower （it is）!这是多美的一朵花啊！2. What+形容词+可数名词复数形式（+主语+谓语+其他）！What interesting books （they are）!多么有趣的书啊！3.
24、 What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语+其他）！What clean water!多干净的水啊！（二）how引导的感叹句1 .How+形容词（+主语+谓语+其他）！How tall the boy is!那个男孩真高！2 . How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式（+主语+谓语）！How beautiful the girl!多美的一个女孩啊!（三）what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句可以进行转换。What a lovely girl she is!=How lovely the girl is!她是多么可爱的一个女孩啊！四、There be句型be是谓语动词，be后面的名词为主
25、语，谓语应和后面的主语在数上一致，即主语是单数时，用There is/was;主语是复数时，用There are/were.但如果句中有两个或更多的主语时，谓语常和最靠近它的主语保持一致。（一）肯定句There be +人或物+其他。There is picture on the wall.墙上有张画。There are some kids in the park.（复数）公园里有些孩子。There was an old library here before.（过去式）这里以前有一座旧图书馆。（二）否定句There be not+人或物+其他。There isnt a picture on
26、the wall.墙上没有画。（三）一般疑问句Be+there+人或物+其他？Is there a picture on the wall?墙上有一幅画吗?五、一般疑问句能用yes或no回答的问句叫一般疑问句。其句式可分为四类。（一）系动词+主语+其他？一Are you happy?你高兴吗？一Yes, I am./ No, Km not.是的。/不是的。一Is your father at home?你爸爸在家吗？一Yes, he is./ No, he isnt.是的/不是的。Was she ill yesterday?她昨天生病了吗？（过去式）一Yes, she was./No, she
27、 wasnt.是的/不是的。（二）助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？一Do you get up at 6:30 every day?你每天在6:30起床吗？一Yes, I do./No, I dont.是的/不是的。一Does she live in China?她住在中国吗？（第三人称单数）一Yes, she does./No, she doesnt是的。/不是的。一Did you go fishing yesterday?昨天你去钓鱼了吗？（一般过去时）一Yes, I did./No, I didnt.是的。/不是的。（三）情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？一Can you swim?你会游泳
28、吗？一Yes, I can./No, I cant我会。/我不会。六、特殊疑问句由疑问词开头的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。常见的疑问词有：what（什么）；when（什么时候）；where（哪里）；which（哪一个）；who（谁）;whose（谁的）;how（怎样）；why（为什么）。还有how引导的疑问词组：how tall（多高）；how heavy（多重）;how many（数量多少）；how much（价格）等。特殊疑问句的回答则是根据疑问词，问什么，则答什么。如when提问，则答时间。结构为：疑问词+be/can/must/do/does/did+其他？你姐姐的职业是什么？母亲节是什么时候
29、？我的包在哪里？你喜欢哪项运动？你打算和谁去？这是谁的铅笔？去书店怎么走？你为什么最喜欢白色？What does your sister d o?When is the Mothers Day?Where is my bag?Which sport do you like?Who are you going wit h?Whose pencil is it?How can I get to the bookstore?Why do you like white best?同步训练A. By car.B. On footC. By taxi.一、Read and choose.(单项选择)()1
30、.kind the boy is !C. How aA. HowB. What()2. There_ some water in the cup.A. areB. isC. be()3. There_a pencil, two pens in my pencil box.A. beB. areC. is()4. She_have a new bike.A. dontB. doesntC. isnt()5. She_like winter before. But now she likes it very muchA. dontB. doesntC. didnt()6. Pleaseyour b
31、ook.A. openingB. openC. to open()7.Does she live in Beijing?一No, she,Shein Shanghai.A. dont; livesB. doesnt; liveC. doesnt; lives()8.What can Sarah do?She can _the pipa.A. playsB. playC. played)9.John, how do you usually go to work? By car or by bike?()10.Is your father at home now, Lily?. Hes at my
32、 uncle/s home.A. Yes, he was.B. Yes, he is. C. No, he isnt.二、Read and write.用合适的疑问词填空。1. _is the woman under the tree?She is my aunt2. colour is new bike?Its yellow.3. did you go over your holiday?I went to the Great Wall.4. is Teachers Day?Its September 10th.5. was your weekend?Its great. Thank you
33、.6. do you like English best?Because its interesting.7. is your sister?She is 1.58 metres.8. size is your coat?I wear size M.9. pants are these?They are theirs.10. did you go to work yesterday?By car.答案：一、l.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C8.What二、l.Who 2.What 3.Where 4.When 5.How 6.Why 7.How t
34、all9.Whose 10. How小升初专项梳理（三）时态一、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。L）结构:be（am, is , are）动词+现在分词（动词的ing形式）（二）常用的时间状语有:now, look, listen等。Km playing basketball now,我现在正在打篮球。Look! The girl is dancing.看，那个女孩正在跳舞。Listen! The bird is singing.听,小鸟正在唱歌。（三）各种句式1 .肯定句：主语+be动词+现在分词+其他。The boy is doing his homework.那个男孩正
35、在做作业。2 .否定句：主语+be动词+not+现在分词+其他。The boy isnt doing his homework.那个男孩没有做作业。3 .一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+现在分词+其他？一Is the boy doing his homework?那个男孩正在做作业吗？一Yes, he is./ No, he isnt.是的，他在。/不，他没有。二、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。常用的时间状语有：often, sometimes, usually, in the morning/afternoon/evening, every week
36、/day/year 等。（一）构成1 .表示目前的状态，谓语动词用be动词。肯定句：主语+be动词+其他The girls are in the playground.女孩子们在操场上。否定句：主语+be动词+not+其他The girls arent in the playground.女孩们不在操上。一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+其他？ Are the girls in the playground?女孩们在操场上吗？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+其他？ Where are the girls?女孩们在哪里？2 .表示经常发生的习惯性动作当主语不是第三人称单数时：肯定句：主语+动词原形+
37、其他I clean the room every day.否定句：主语+助动词(dorft)+动词原形+其他。I dont clean the room every day.我每天不打扫房间。一般疑问句：助动词(Do)+主语+动词原形+其他？Do you clean the room every day?你每天打扫房间吗？Yes, I do./ No, I dont.是的。/不是的。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句式？What do you do every day?你每天做什么？当主语是第三人称单数时：肯定句：主语+动词单三+其他。She deans the room every day.
38、她每天打扫房间。否定句：主语+助动词(doesn，t)+动词原形+其他。She doesnt clean the room every day.她每天不打扫房间。一般疑问句：助动词(Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？Does she clean the room every day?她每天打扫房间吗？Yes, she does./ No, she doesnt.是的。/不是的。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句式？ What does she do every day?她每天做什么？三、一般将来时一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或事情。(一)结构：主语+be going to(will)+动词原形
39、。(二)时|可状语有：tomorrow, next year/Monday/week, this morning/afternoon.(三)各种句式1 .肯定句：主语+be going to(will)+动词原形+其他。He is going to/will play ping-pongtomorrow.他明天去打乒乓球。2 .否定句：主语+be动词not going to/worft+动词原形+其他。He isnt going to/wont play ping-pong tomorrow.他明天不会去打乒乓球。3 .般疑问句：Be动词+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？/Will+主
40、语+动词原形+其他)Is he going to play ping-pong t omorrow?/ Will he play ping-pong tomorrow?他明天会去打乒乓球吗？4 .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？/特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他？What are you going to do tomorrow?/ What will you do tomorrow?明天你打算干什么？四、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作。(一)时间状语：last year/week., yesterday, just now.(
41、二)结构，分两种情况，第一种情况肯定句：主语+was/were+其他。I was ill yesterday.昨天我生病了。否定句：主语+was/were+not+其他。I wasnt川yesterday.昨天我没有生病。一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词原形+其他？一Were you ill yesterday?昨天你生病了吗？一Yes, I was./No, I wasnt.是的/不是的。第二种情况肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他I watched TV last night.昨晚我在看电视。否定句：主语+助动词(didnt)+动词原形+其他。I didnt watch TV last
42、 night,昨晚我没有看电视。一般疑问句：助动词(Did)+主语+动词原形+其他？一Did you watch TV last night?昨晚你看电视了吗？Yes, I did,/No,l didnt是的/不是的。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+助动词(did)+主语+动词原形+其他？What did you do last night?昨晚你做了什么？同步训练一、Read and write.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. My sister(ride) a bike now.2. Look! They(play) on the grass.3. My mother often(go) to w
43、ork on foot.4. She (do not) like swimming.5. Where(do)your father work?1.1 (see) a film Last Saturday.7. What are you(go) to do this evening?8. She w川(go) hiking with me this weekend.9. (be)you late for class yesterday?No? I(be)not.10. There(be) some juice in the bottle.11. I didnt like(do) kung fu
44、before.12. Does your pen pal(live)in Beijing?-No, she(live) in Tianjin.13. ：(do)you go to Sanya last Saturday?一No, I(go) to mountain Tianshan.14. Km going to(have)a piano class tomorrow.15. My father and I often(cook)Chinese food on the weekend.二、Read and choose.单项选择。()1. We are going to on the moon
45、 in the future(将来).A. walksB. walkingC. walk()2. It will very cold tomorrow.A. beB. isC. going to be()3. Chen Jie will Chi na next Sunday.A. leaveB. going to leave C. leaves()4. Mike often exercise on Thursday afternoon.A. doesB. do .C. did()5.1 usually to school foot.A. come, atB. come, onC. comes, on()6. We any lessons on Sund ay.A. haveB. dont haveC. do