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1、BEC中级写作电子讲义第一讲BEC写作概述本课程安排简介写作共6次课,第1次讲概述。BEC写作简介:1 写作目的与要求2 Can make notes that are useful to both him/herself and to colleagues.3 Can write most letters he/she is likely to be asked to do; such errors as occur will not prevent understanding of the message.4 Can write a simple report.写作考试共进行45分钟,占总
2、成绩的 25%,小作文占10分,大作文占20分。更多的报名信息和成绩査询方法请上网了解:教育部考试中心5 测试范围与选材1、身份介绍(Personal Identification)2、工作环境与日常事务 (The office , general business, environment and routine)3、接待与闲暇活动(Entertainment of clients , free time, relationships with colleagues andclients)4、商务旅行(Travel)5、健康(Health)6、购买与销售 (Buying and sellin
3、g)7、公司结构、系统及程序(Company structures , systems, processes)8、产品与服务 (Products and services)9、成果与成就 (Results and achievements)其外,还会涉及其他的一般商务话题( Business issues) 6 测试题型分析An Overview of BEC Vantage WritingPARTFunctions/CommunicativeTaskInputResponseRegister1Business Correspondence: R e.g. givinginstructions
4、,explaining a development, asking for comments, requestinginformation,agreeing to requestsubric only (plus layout of 卜 output text type)ote, message, memo or 卜 e-mail (40-50 words)eutral/informal2Correspondence:e.g. explaining, apologising, reassuring, complainingReport:describing, summarisingPropos
5、al:Hxacnrihinnei immariQinn)ne or more pieces of input I from:businesscorrespondence (medium may be letter, fax or e-mail),internalcommunication(medium may be note, memo, or e-mail), notice,advert, graphs, chart, etc.Business correspondence (medium may be letter, fax or e-mail) or short report or pr
6、oposal (medium maybe memo or e-mail)(120-140 words)Meutral/ formal题型:注意:recommending, persuading1.商务便条类;BEC不是单纯的英语考试,piUD myii uipui id iaor e-mail)2.商务便函类;3.商务书信类;4.商务报告类也不是考察商务知识。对策:学习、模仿高水平的论文例题解析:You work for a company which produces laser printers. You are visiting another company, Softcell, to
7、 buy some computer software for your department. They have expressed an interest in your company s* printers and you would like to take twenty brochures and three sample printers with you .相关诃汇: laser, inkjet, projector (Barco), photocopier (Xerox), fax machine, scanner, computer, monitor相关词匚: compa
8、ny literature; brochure; leaflet; flyer; white book; data sheet; prospectusWrite a short note to Mr. Jim Asano , the Sales Manager.Asking for his permission to take these items .Explaining why you want them .Mentioning the time and date when you want to collect them .Write 40-50 words on your Answer
9、 Sheet.便函便条类题目的结构Input: situation descriptionTask: memo, note, emailcontent pointsWrite: internal message (40-50 words)注意:格式;发挥部分要确切评分标准BEC写作评分方法级别第一部分分数5全部完成答题要求所有内容点都已包括在内并在答题要求允许的情况下加以发挥语言规范、自然:错误最少,均属小错。多样化的语言结构和丰富的词汇量。沪组织效果好,注意前后呼应。语域和格式完全适当。给读者的印象极佳。4较好的完成答题要求所有内容点都处理得不错。大体准确;运用复杂语言时有错误。结构合理，用
10、词准确。7或8分大体上组织较好,注意逻辑关系。语域和格式总体来说适当。给读者的印象良好。3尚能达到答题要求所有的主要内容点已包括进去,遗漏了一些次要的内容。出现些错误，但不妨碍交流。结构和词汇掌握范围适度。滑组织和安排总的来说令人满意。语域和格式尚可,虽然并不完全成功。给读者的印象较好。2不能完全达到答题要求遗漏了一些主要的内容点或者处理得不充分,可能有些不切题。有时错误影响清楚交流,错误较多，使读者感到迷惑。3或4分结构、词汇掌握范围有限。内容条理不清、不连贯,造成理解困难。语域和格式不适当。给读者的印象不佳。1 未能达到答题要求显著的内容遗漏/或大量内容不相关,可能由于对题目要求的误解。严
11、重不规范,经常出现基本错误。成题目要求的结构和词汇几乎没有提到。缺乏组织,造成交流失败。几乎没有使用适当的语域和格式。给读者的印象极差。0什么要求也没达到。字数少于所需字数的25%,或是完全不能辨认或是完全不切题。M注意: content; accuracy; conciseness【例题】Christmas is coming. Your company is going to hold the annual Christmas party. As the secretary of the general manager, you help arrange the preparation f
12、or it.Write a memo to all employees.Announcing the planned party.Welcoming all employees to join it.Introducing the programs of it.Mention the time and place that it takes place.Write 40 50 words on your Answer Sheet .商务书信类这题型要求考生根据所提供的短文,如书信、传真、便函、留言条(电话留言条)等,起草封书信,字数要求达到120140词左右。题目结构:Input: 1 sit
13、uation description2 task3 target readerReading: texts in note, letter, fax, memo + content points (handwritten notes; second letter)Write: business letter (120-140 words) 注意英美拼写问题【例题】You have organised a production conference for your company which will be held on 10 October 2005. The following is t
14、he letter of confirmation you received from the Conference Centre.Read the letter and fax below, which gives details of the conference.Then, using all information from the fax, write your letter to John Smith at the Nuffield Conference Centre, explaining the changes to the arrangements.Do not includ
15、e postal addresses.Write 120-140 words on separate sheet.Dear Conference Organiser,I am writing to confirm the arrangements for the conference.DATE AND TIME:NUMBER OF GUESTS:ROOMS RESERVEDCATERING:10th October-10 a.m. to 5 p.m. 5010 a. m. to 12: 30 p.m. CONFERENCE HALL 3 2 p.m. to 5 p.m.SEMINAR ROOM
16、S 1, 2, and 3 Coffee-11 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. Lunch-12:30p.m. to 2p.m.Conference Centre Restaurant Tea-4 p.m.We look forward to welcoming your company to the Nuffield Conference Centre.Yours faithfully, John SmithToday your Production Manager has sent you the fax below with changes he would like to mak
17、e to the conference arrangementsFAXI , mafraid we have to make some last-minute changes to the arrangements for our production conference.1. Ten more guests have accepted.2. The President wants only one hour for lunch, and just a simple buffet-not seated in the restaurant.The Conference Speaker (Tom
18、 Moors ) can t come until 2 pm. So he will give his presentation in the afternoon. Can we move the seminars to the morning?Sorry about this!Sam注意:1不要跑题2适当发挥3冃标读者4不要抄袭三种对策:a换句型e.g. This rule applies in every case.There are nc axeapticns tc the rule.（肯定句变否定句）b换御e.g. The arguments put forward by these
19、two authors are ne . arJy. the same.The views expressed bythe two writers are almost, identical. c改词性 e.g. The English language has had a major impact on developing other world languages.Other world languages have been greatly affected by the English language in their developments.商务拨【例题】You recentl
20、y attended a one-day course on office management. Below is the course programme, with the comments you wrote on it.Write a short report about the course for your Manager. Include all your comments and say whether your company should send other staff on this course. Write 120-140 words.Write on your
21、Answer Sheet. Do not write in capital letters.第二讲BEC写作的语言、语法、组织和文体评分标准:级别第一部分分 数第二部分分 数5 全部完成答题要求所有内容点都已包括在内并在答题要求允 许的情况下加以发挥语言规范、自然:错误最少,均属小错。 多样化的语言结构和丰富的词汇量。9或10分20分18或组织效果好,注意前后呼应。语域和格式完全适当。给读者的印象极佳。4较好的完成答题要求所有内容点都处理得不错。大体准确;运用复杂语言时有错误。 结构合理，用词准确。7或8分14或16分大体上组织较好，注意逻辑关系。语域和格式总体来说适当。给读者的印象良好。3尚
22、能达到答题要求所有的主要内容点已包括进去,遗漏了一 些次要的内容。出现些错误,但不妨碍交流。结构和词汇掌握范围适度。5或6分12分10或组织和安排总的来说令人满意。语域和格式尚可,虽然并不完全成功。给读者的印象较好。2不能完全达到答题要求遗漏了一些主要的内容点或者处理得不充 分，可能有些不切题。有时错误影响清楚交流，错误较多,使读 者感到迷惑。3或4分6或8分结构、词汇掌握范围有限。内容条理不清、不连贯，造成理解困难。语域和格式不适当。给读者的印象不佳。1 未能达到答题要求显著的内容遗漏/或大量内容不相关,可能1或2分2或4分由于对题目要求的误解。.due to / because ofeff
23、ect / affectfewer / lesslie / layprincipal / principlethat /whichtheir / them / they rewait for / wait onwho / whom(3)正确的语法和标点符号(4)正确的拼写2.清楚(Clarity)(1)逻辑布局(Logical Organization)常用的逻辑布局方法包括:因果关系(Cause & Effect)时间顺序(Chronological Development)序列顺序(Sequential Development)比较(Comparison)一般到特殊(From Genera
24、l to Specific)特殊到一般(From Specific to General)(2)合理构架句群与段落 (Well-WHtten Sentences & Paragraphs) 例句:修改刖:Marshall Corporation was founded forty years ago, and it now has branch offices in four states, and it employs nearly 400 individuals.修改后:Marshall Corporation was founded forty years ago. With branc
25、h offices in four states, it now employs nearly 400 individuals.(3)统一性与一致性(Unity and Coherence)(4)强调(Emphasis)位置重复数量 技巧(5)将句中关系紧密的词尽量靠近。比较下面三对句子：A.Fhey bought a bicycle in Beijing in a small shop which costs $ 25.00.They bought a bicycle for $25.00 in a small shop in Beijing.B. He was warned not to
26、drink water even in a restaurant which had not been boiled.He was warned not to drink water which had not been boiled. C. Those who work rapidly get ill in these conditions.Those who work in these conditions rapidly get ill.(6)避免在同一个句子中使用意义不同的同一个字。 We shall take a firm line with the firm .We shall t
27、ake a strong line with the film .3.简洁(Conciseness)A. We have begun to export our machine to countries abroad. We have begun to export our machines.B. In the event that you speak to Mr. Wood in regard to production, ask him to give consideration to the delivery schedule.If you speak to Mr. Wood about
28、 production, ask him to consider the delivery schedule.C .We require furniture which is of the new type. We require newtype furniture.(1)使用简洁的语言(Use simple language)尽量使用避免使用pleasewill you be good enough topreferexpress a preference forbecausefor the reason that(2)少用陈词滥调(mit trite expressions) as the
29、 case may be it has come to my attention at an early ageavail yourself of this opportunity previous to crack of dawnpursuant to your request take the liberty to due to the fact that thanking you in advance enclosed herein this is to inform you under separate cover with kindest regards I wish to stat
30、e(3)避免冗长的表达方式和不必要的重复WordyConcise(avoid wordy expressions & unnecessary repetition) 1. We would like toplease2. For the month of Augustfor August3. Pursuant to the end of this weeknow4. A long period of timea long time5. At this timenow6. Is at this timeis7. The weight was higher thanthe weight was g
31、reater than8. I expected it to beexpected9. During the year of 1995during 199510. For the development offor developing11. In the city of Dallasin Dallas12. The problem was that the car would notthe car would not startstart13. Square in shapesquare14. in accordance with your requestyou requested15. S
32、ign on the front of this formsign this form16. During the time thatwhile17. Consensus of opinionwe agree18. Remember the fact thatremember19, Held a meetingmet20. this is the situation at this timenow(4)删改无关紧要的成份(Remove unneeded facts)A. It should be noted that this is the best we can do,B. For your
33、 information we enclose a catalogue.C. Please be advised that we have received your invoice.1. as soon as possibleby July 102. as you indicated in your letteras you indicated3. at all timesalways4. at this timenow5. continue to utilize the old form untilstart using the new form on Februarysuch time
34、as the new form is available6. despite the fact thatdespite7. for the month of Aprilfor April8. for obvious reason thatbecause9. I would ask that youpleaseIO. in conjunction withwith11. in the mere recent pastrecently12. in the unlikely event thatif13. in the unlikely event that I am unable toif I a
35、m late, please delay the meetingbe on time, please delay the meeting14. in view of the fact thatbecause15. it will be greatly appreciated if youplease16. our production of the new product willproduction w川 begin on July 1commence on July 117. please be advised that we expect you toplease review the
36、contractreview the enclosed contract(5)多使用主动语态的句子结构以明确表达思Payment of their accounts will be made by Johnsons next week .Johnsons will pay their accounts next week .4.具体(Concreteness)(1)尽可能地提供明确、具体的信息。A. These brakes can stop a car within a short distance.These Goodson power brakes can stop a 2-ton ca
37、r within 24 feet.B. We hope the equipment will be delivered to our company as soon as possible.Please deliver the equipment to our company before next Friday.C. She is a fast typist.She types at the fast rate of 85 words per minute.(2)使用具体洞A. We have no hesitation in advising youWe advise you B. The
38、 preparation of new price scale is in hand.New price scales are being prepared this week.C. Due to the unusual nature of the request,As the request is unusual. a great deal of time, bad, large, good, small, around, old, convenient, young, little, majority, minority, most, less5 .完整(Completeness)自査:他
39、/ho)?什么(What)?什么时(When)?在哪里(Where)?为什么(Why)?怎么样 (How)?6 .礼貌(Courtesy)例如:Dear Mrs. Walters,Because you delayed so long in your response, Model GSF is off stock. If you are interested, we have some similar models on handYours truly, 修改:Dear Mrs. WaltersIf I had known your needs before May 20, I could
40、have shipped Model GSP immediately. However, the spring sale drained our stock.The Model GSK, a similar instrument, is in stock, and you could have it at the same price asthe GSF. It normally sells for $10,000 more. we will ship it as soon as you give us the word.Yours sincerely(1)使用礼貌友好的词汇A.说一Thank
41、 you,例如:Thank you for your letter of yesterday.Thank you for your prompt reply.Thank you for helping us in this respect.Thank you for your information.(2)体谅对方的写作态度(You-Attitude)Writer emphasis:We are shipping your order on Friday.Reader emphasis:You will receive your order by Monday, October 10.Writ
42、er emphasis:To reduce our costs, we are changing the billing system.Reader emphasis:To provide you with clear records, we are changing our billing system.Writer emphasis:I was pleased to hear that the project was completed.Reader emphasis:Congratulations on successfully completing the projectWriter
43、emphasis:We regret that you closed your account with us a week ago. We believe that people may come back to our bank again sooner or later since we have a good credit among our customers.Reader emphasis:A week ago you closed your account with us. Whatever the reason, we are pleased to have played so
44、me small part in your program. You are cordially invited to use our other services as occasion may require.(3)措辞得体(Appropriate Wording)a.避免采用消极性的词汇或句式Negative Wording:The office is closed after four Oclock,Positive Wording:The office is open until four Oclock.Negative Wording:When I received your co
45、mplaint, I checked our records.Positive Wording:When I received your letter, I checked our records.Negative Wording:Because you failed to connect the cable, the picture was blurred.Positive Wording:The picture was blurred because the V-2 cable was not connected to theterminal.Negative Wording:You di
46、d not read my recent letter.Positive Wording:Please refer to my June 10th letter.Negative Wording:The Executive Board did not receive notification.Positive Wording:Several members of the Executive Board inquired about the time of ourDecember meeting. Will you please send them a follow-up?Negative Wording:Your letter was not clear.Positive Wording:1 would appreciate an outline of our marketing differences that youmentioned in your October 14th letter.b.有失礼貌的言词We deny you