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1、2021年原创最新考研英语阅读理解练习考研阅读的题量比较大,考场之上也是分秒必争,因此各位考生在日常复习中, 除了踏实的积累和联系外，大量掌握词汇也是必要的。本篇阅读理解练习均是结 合实事而得,阅读内容新颖,题目原创,重点句子附有中文翻译,并且重点词汇 也为同学们列出,通过刷题,同学们可以掌握更多新词汇,提升自己的阅读速度 和正确率。第一篇.科学家们认为他们已经找到了一种方法来阻止普通感冒以及与之密切相 关的病毒,这种病毒可能导致瘫痪。研究人员们并未直接攻击这些病毒, 而是将目标转向了人体细胞内的一种必需的蛋白质,病毒需要这种蛋白 质进行复制。The common cold gets us a
2、ll. Adults can expect a coupleof bouts of streaming noses every year. In the UK, minor coughs and colds are the main reason we take days off work - around 34 million of them every year.感冒伤风,人人在所难免。成年人每年有几次流鼻涕感冒的经历都是预 料之中的事情。在英国,轻微的咳嗽和感冒是人们请病假的主要原因 每年因感冒为由的病假天数大约有 3400万天。Most colds are caused by rhin
3、oviruses. However, there are around 160 different types and the viruses can quickly mutate. Developing a drug to stop such a diverse and rapidly changing array has proved impossible. So a team at the University of California, San Francisco and Stanford University, tried something different. They tar
4、geted the host, in this case us - humans.绝大多数的感冒是由鼻病毒引起的。但这种病毒大约有160种不同的类 型,而且能快速变异。事实证明，想研发出种药物来消灭如此多样化 且迅速变化的病毒是不可能的。所以，来自加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校 和斯坦福大学的研究团队尝试了不同的方法。他们将目标对准了病毒的 宿主，也就是我们人类。Viruses are not truly alive - they need to hijack parts of ahost organism in order to replicate. The US team found a pro
5、tein that cold viruses and more dangerous polio-like viruses were dependent upon. Disabling the protein in mice and human lung cells using gene editing led to complete protection.病毒并不是真正的活的，它们需要通过劫持宿主机体中的些部分来进 行自我复制。这支美国研究团队发现了感冒病毒及更危险的脊髓灰质炎 病毒赖以生存的种蛋白质。他们利用基因编辑技术使小老鼠和人类肺 细胞中的这种蛋白质失去其功能，从而起到了完全的防护作用
6、。The US team now want to develop a drug that could be sprayed up the nose to protect us from the common cold. The researchers say this could happen relatively quickly. Until then, a duvet day with a mug of something warm is about all you can do.这支美国研究团队现在想开发出种可以喷到鼻子上的药物来保护我 们免收普通感冒的侵袭。研究人员们表示,这种药物可能
7、很快就能研发 出来。在此之前,要想治感冒,你只能请天病假,坐在被窝里喝点热 的、养养病了。词汇bouts （疾病的）发作streaming （因感冒）流鼻涕的rhinoviruses 鼻病毒mutate 变异array大批,大量（病毒）host （寄生物的）宿主hijack劫持,抢占organism生物体,有机体replicate自我复制dependent依赖的gene editing基因编辑duvet day被子日,偷懒假阅读理解:请在读完上文后,回答下列问题。1. How many different types of rhinovirus are there?2. What is dif
8、ferent about this research in finding a cure for the common cold?3. True or false? A drug, sprayed up the nose to stop us catching a cold, is now available.4. What did researchers find gave complete protection from getting a cold?发室1. How many different types of rhinovirus are there?There are around
9、 160 different types and the viruses can quickly mutate.2. What is different about this research in finding a cure for the common cold?A team at the University of California, San Francisco and Stanford University, targeted the host, in this case us - humans.3. True or false? A drug, sprayed up the n
10、ose to stop us catching a cold, is now available.False. The US team now want to develop a drug that could be sprayed up the nose to protect us from the common cold - but it is not available yet.4. What did researchers find gave complete protection from getting a cold?Disabling the protein in mice an
11、d human lung cells using gene editing led to complete protection.第篇:英国的公立学校和大学现在可以为学生订购免费的经期产品,这是政府 解决经期贫困问题政策的一部分。学校可以加入此计划,为学生订购卫 生棉条、卫生巾和月经杯。Campaigners have long called for the government to help women and girls stuck in so-called period poverty. Research by the PHS Group, which will supply the
12、sanitary products, found that more than half of teenage girls in school or college were missing lessons because of their period, while nearly a third said that either they, or someone they knew, had been impacted by period poverty. 倡议者一直呼吁政府来帮助妇女和女孩们摆脱所谓的“经期贫困”。 PHS （Personnel Hygiene Services Limit
13、ed 个人卫生服务有限公司） 的研究发现,超过一半的在校女生会因经期问题缺课。同时,近三分之 一的人表示,她们或她们认识的人曾受到经期贫困的影响。PHS公司是 将为学校提供卫生用品的供应商。Under the new scheme, pupils in over 20,000 schools w川 be able to access sanitary products free of charge, and staff will be able to order more online when theyre needed.根据这项新计划,两万多所学校的学生将能够免费使用卫生用品。学校 工作人
14、员将能够在网上按需订购卫生用品。In Scotland, four million pounds is being spent on a similar initiative launched last year. And in Wales, three million pounds was announced earlier this month to supply girls in primary and secondary schools with sanitary products.在苏格兰,400万英镑的经费在支持去年启动的项类似计划。威尔士 在本月早些时候宣布将投入300万英镑为中
15、小学女生提供卫生用品。词汇period poverty 经期贫困”,因贫困无法购买卫生用品supply提供sanitary products 卫生用品impacted 影响free of charge 免费initiative新措施,计划阅读理解:请在读完上文后,回答下列问题。1. According to research, how many girls at schools and colleges in England were thought to be missing lessons because of their period?2. How much are students g
16、oing to be charged for sanitary products under this new scheme?3. True or false? Students will be able to order more sanitary products online.4. What type of schools in Wales are students being offered free sanitary products?1. According to rese2. arch, how many girls at schools and colleges in Engl
17、and were thought to be missing lessons because of their period?Research by the PHS Group, which will supply the sanitary products, found that more than half of teenage girls in school or college were missing lessons because of their period.3. How much are students going to be charged for sanitary pr
18、oducts under this new scheme?Under the new scheme, pupils in over 20,000 schools w川 be able to access sanitary products free of charge.4. True or false? Students will be able to order more sanitary products online.False. Its staff who will be able to order more online when theyre needed.5. What type
19、 of schools in Wales are students being offered free sanitary products?Girls in primary and secondary schools in Wales will be offered free sanitary products英格兰的顶尖大学被告知要大幅增加贫困家庭青少年的入学名额。英国 高等教育监管机构“学生办公室(ffice for Students)希望在五年内 把富裕学生和贫困学生之间的“入学率差距”减半。At present at Oxford, there are 15 students fro
20、m better-off areas getting places for every one student froma disadvantaged background. At Cambridge, the ratio is14-to-one. The Office for Students says this gap will have to be cut in half over the next five years, and is calling for more places for students from the north of England, the Midlands
21、 and deprived coastal towns.目前在牛津大学,来自富裕地区的学生和来自贫困家庭的学生比是15 比1。在剑桥大学，这个比例是14比1。“学生办公室（fficefor Students,英国高等教育监管机构）表示,在未来五年内,这差距必 须缩小一半,并呼吁为来自英格兰北部、中部地区和贫困沿海城镇的学 生提供更多的名额。The targets have been backed by the Universities Minister, Chris Skidmore. But as Oxford and Cambridge are not planning to increa
22、se the overall student numbers, its likely to mean a reduction in places for middle-class and London students.这些目标得到了大学部长克里斯斯基德莫尔的支持。但由于牛津和剑 桥不打算增加学生总数,这可能意味着来自中产阶级家庭和来自伦敦的 学生入学名额将减少。Private school leaders have warned universities notto discriminate against their pupils, claiming it would be unfairt
23、o rob some students of a future, to award it to others.私立学校的领导者已经警告大学不要歧视他们的学生,声称剥夺些学 生的未来,再将其未来授予其他人是不公平的。词汇better-off境况较好的，富裕的disadvantaged处于劣势的deprived贫寒的backed受到支持middle class 中产的discriminate 歧视rob剥夺，使失去award把授予阅读理解:请在读完上文后,回答下列问题。1. How many students from a disadvantaged background attend Cambr
24、idge University compared with those from a better-off area?2. In the next five years, what does the Office for Students want to happen to the ratio between better off students and those from disadvantaged areas attending university?3. True or false? There s going to be a reduction of middle-class st
25、udents at Oxford and Cambridge as overall student numbers increase.4. What do private school leaders fear will happen to some of their students if the ratio is changed?1. How many students from a disadvantaged background attend Cambridge University compared with those from a better-off area? The rat
26、io between students from well-off backgrounds to disadvantaged backgrounds is 14-to-one.2. In the next five years, what does the Office for Students want to happen to the ratio between better off students and those from disadvantaged areas attending university?The Office for Students says the ratio
27、will have to be cut in half over the next five years.3. True or false? There s going to be a reduction of middle-class students at Oxford and Cambridge.True. Its likely there will be a reduction in places for middle-class and London students.4. What do private school leaders fear will happen to some
28、 of their students if the ratio is changed?项研究表明,睡眠呼吸暂停综合症这个可以使人在夜间喘不过气的睡 眠疾病也许与患者舌头上的脂肪量有关。Researchers dont know why fat collects on the tongue, but they do know that larger and fattier tongues are more common among overweight people, who are more likely to experience this serious sleep condition.
29、研究人员们不清楚为什么脂肪会积聚在舌头上,但他们知道舌头体积 大、堆积脂肪量高在超重者中更常见,这些人也更有可能患有这种严重 的睡眠疾病。In a study of 67 people treated for sleep apnoea who had lost body weight, scans suggested it was the reduction in volume of tongue fat which prompted improvements in their sleep. The researchers say the less fat on the tongue, the
30、 less likely it is to collapse and block the airways during sleep. Sleep apnoea can affect peoples quality of life by leaving them exhausted and stressed during the day.项研究观察了 67位接受睡眠呼吸暂停综合症治疗且体重减轻的患 者,扫描图像显示,正是舌头上脂肪量的减少促进了他们的睡眠得到了 改善。研究人员们表示,舌头上的脂肪越少,它在睡眠时松垮并阻塞呼 吸道的可能性就越低。睡眠呼吸暂停会影响人们的生活质量,让他们在 白天感到
31、筋疲尽,紧张焦虑。The Pennsylvania researchers say there may be many people with fatty tongues who are at risk of the condition who are not obese. They now want to find out if some low-fat diets could specifically target fat in the tongue. Exercises for the upper airway to improve breathing are also being st
32、udied.宾法尼亚大学的研究人员表示,可能有许多舌头上脂肪量高却不肥胖 的人有患这种病的危险。他们现在想查明一些低脂饮食是否对降低舌头 上的脂肪量有效。同时,为改善呼吸的上呼吸道功能训练也正在研究中。词汇fattier脂肪量更高的overweight 超重的apnoea睡眠呼吸暂停综合征volume体积airways呼吸道，气管quality of life 生活质量obese肥胖的target 针对、以为目标阅读理解:请在读完上文后,回答下列问题。1. What type of people are more likely to have larger and fattier tongue
33、s?2. According to the study, how could losing body weight specifically help to improve peoples sleep?3. True or false? Fatty tongues that block airways and cause sleep problems are only found in obese people.4. How does sleep apnoea affect someones quality of life?答案1. What type of people are more l
34、ikely to have larger and fattier tongues?Larger and fattier tongues are more common among overweight people, who are more likely to experience this serious apnoea.2. According to the study, how could losing body weight specifically help to improve peoples sleep?In a study of 67 people treated for sl
35、eep apnoea who had lost body weight, scans suggested it was the reduction in volume of tongue fat which prompted improvements in their sleep.3. True or false? Fatty tongues that block airways and cause sleep problems are only found in obese people.False. The Pennsylvania researchers say there may be
36、 many people with fatty tongues who are at risk of the condition who are not obese.4. How does sleep apnoea affect someones quality of life?Sleep apnoea can affect peoples quality of life by leaving them exhausted and stressed during the day.欧洲的“系外行星特征卫星（Cheops）太空望远镜已发射升空，以探 索太阳系外的行星。这个观测卫星将继续跟进以往的探
37、索工作,尽全力 发掘关于遥远世界的新见解。Some 4,500 planets have been discovered orbiting other stars.But theres a feeling now that the science has to move beyond just finding and counting worlds - it has to characterise them, to say more about their composition and structure.人们已发现约4500颗环绕其它恒星运行的行星。但现在有一种看法: 科学必须超越仅仅发现
38、天体及计算其个数,必须要描述它们的特征,进 步说明它们的成分和结构。Cheops will do this by measuring the width of the planets. When combined with independent information about their mass, the new data should reveal insights on whether the worlds are rocky or have thick atmospheres, even whether they have rings and moons. 系外行星特征卫星将通过
39、测量行星的直径来做到这一点。当这数据与 有关其质量的独立信息结合起来时,所得出的新数据可揭示这些天体的 表面是否崎岖不平，有无厚厚的大气层,甚至能告诉我们它们有无行星 环或卫星。Cheops will draw up a shortlist for later, more sophisticated telescopes that hope to probe atmospheres for the chemical signatures of life. Many of the planets to be studied by Cheops, are bigger than our Earth
40、, but smaller than Neptune, an in-between size that seems dominant in our galaxy. 系外行星特征卫星将为更精密的望远镜起草份星体候选名单,这些望 远镜将有望探测大气中生命的化学特征。系外行星特征卫星将研究的许 多行星体积都大于我们的地球，但小于海王星,这个大小居中的体积在 我们的星系中似乎占主导地位。词汇orbiting环绕运行的composition构成,成分structure结构,构造insights深刻的见解sophisticated （机械）精密的,复杂的probe探测chemical signatures
41、化学标记,化学特征galaxy星系阅读理解:请在读完上文后,回答下列问题。1. What do space scientists now want to understand about planets?2. What information will scientists use to understand if other worlds are rocky or have thick atmosphere?3. True or false? The Cheops telescope is looking for new worlds bigger than Earth.4. Which p
42、lanet seems to be one of the most noticeable in our galaxy?生室1. What do space scientists now want to understand about planets? They want to characterise them, to say more about theircomposition and structure.2. What information will scientists use to understand if other worlds are rocky or have thic
43、k atmosphere?They will use independent information about their mass as well as measurements of the planets widths.3. True or false? The Cheops telescope is looking for new worlds bigger than Earth.False. Many, but not all, of the planets to be studied by Cheops, are bigger than our Earth, but smalle
44、r than Neptune.4. Are planets that dominate our galaxy bigger or smaller than Earth?Many of the planets to be studied by Cheops, are bigger than our Earth, but smaller than Neptune.一名退休的记者,为了保护撇号在英语中的正确使用,发起了一项倡议。 但现在,他放弃了自己的倡议,因为他说“无知已经获胜”。They linger above our letters, they wander around the endin
45、gs of our words - but apostrophes, it seems, are an endangered species. The Apostrophe Protection Society - yes there really is one - says their future is, well, up in the air.它们停留在字母之上，徘徊在单词的结尾,但撇号似乎是种“濒临灭 绝的物种”。撇号保护协会是的,确实有这么个协会,说撇号的 未来悬而未决。The societys ninety-six-year-old chairman, John Richards,
46、 says theyre vital, yet people have struggles with these squiggles. MrRichards has agonised over apostrophes for nearly two decades, but now says, thanks to the likes of texting and Twitter, people have simply stopped using them.撇号保护协会主席,96岁的约翰理查兹说,撇号在英语中的使用极其 重要,但人们却在与这些弯弯曲曲的短线作斗争。理查兹先生为撇号烦 恼了近20年,
47、但现在他表示，由于诸如发短信和推特等平台的普及, 人们已经不再使用撇号了。Mr Richards says his society for this abused andmisused punctuation mark is now closing, heralding what, for some, might be called an apostrophe catastrophe,.理查兹先生说,他所在的这个为了减少滥用和误用撇号的协会就要关闭 了。对些人来说,这预示着“撇号灾难”的来临。词汇linger逗留,徘徊wander around 游荡,徘徊endangered species濒
48、临灭绝的物种up in the air 悬而未决vital至关重要的squiggles弯弯曲曲的短线,胡乱写的字agonised （精神上）感到极度痛苦的abused滥用punctuation mark 标点符号heralding预示的来临catastrophe 灾难阅读理解:请在读完上文后,回答下列问题。1. What is the name of the group trying to protect the use of the apostrophe?2. How long has John Richardss campaign for the correct use of apostrophes lasted for?3. What is he blaming for the decline in the use of apostrophes?4. In this sentence from the report, is the apostrophe used correctly? The societys ninety