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1、及物动词及物动词a.动词后要求有宾语，否则意思不完整的动词。及物动词可有被动结构。She studies English very hard.I always review my lessons in the evening.2021/8/11 星期三1b.及物动词的另两种结构及物动词中有少数动词要求一个宾语（直接宾语）外，还要求有一个宾语（间接宾语），才使句意完整。这类动词有：leave,show,bring,lend,teach,give,tell,hand,write等。*Ill tell you a story about Lei Feng.还有少数动词要求一个宾语外，还要求有一个补足
2、语来使句意完整。这类动词有：name,call,get,have,find,turn,think,consider等。They call him Lao Wang.2021/8/11 星期三2 不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词指不可带宾语的动词，也不可用于被动语态。*The sun rises in the east.*He came last month.*They go to school every day.2021/8/11 星期三3连系动词连系动词 连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但不能单独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：appear,become,fall,feel
3、,get,go,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。*She felt a bit tired.*He kept silent at the meeting.注：注：连系动词不可与副词连用连系动词不可与副词连用。2021/8/11 星期三4一般现在时一般现在时经常性动作等。常与everyday,often,always,once a week,seldom,usually等连用。She is our teacher of English.真理和事实。Light travels faster than sound.代替一
4、般将来时，在由when,if,before,as soon as,unless等引导的时间，条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。When I grow up I shall be a soldier.动作正在发生，用在由here,there等开首的句子中，表示现在正在发生。There goes the bell.表示主语的习惯特征，性格，能力等。He studies very hard.一般的说明文字等。The book says that women can live longer than men.2021/8/11 星期三5一般过去时一般过去时表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的
5、状态，常和明确的时间状语连用。She went out just now.I saw him yesterday.表示过去经常发生的动作。Last month she worked eleven hours every day.He used to get up early.2021/8/11 星期三6一般将来时一般将来时 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。I shall not be free tonight.表示将来经常发生的动作。We will go for an outing every other week.表示将来动作的其他形式.be going to+动词原形be to+动词原形b
6、e about(around/sure/certain/due/bound)to+动词原形2021/8/11 星期三7过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I didnt expect that so many people would offer their help.也可用was/were to+动词原形或was/were about to+动词原形或was/were going to+动词原形表示过去将来时。I was about to leave when the telephone rang.2021/8/11 星期三8现在进行时现在进行时表示正在进行的
7、动作。What are you doing now?表示即将发生的动作.She is leaving tomorrow.表示现阶段正在进行的动作.More and more people are giving up smoking.表示反复发生的或习惯性的动作,常表示不满,抱怨,赞赏等.She is always finding fault with others.2021/8/11 星期三9过去进行时过去进行时 1.过去某一时刻在进行的动作经常需要表示过去的时间状语 This time yesterday,they were having lunch.2.过去进行时常与一般现在时配合，互为时
8、间背景 I was writing a letter when he came.The telephone rang while she was washing.3.过去反复的动作，常同always,frequently,continually等连用 They were frequently going there.2021/8/11 星期三10将来进行时将来进行时 表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，常表示安排好的事 They will be discussing the problem this time next week.表示预料不久要发生或势必要发生的动作 The train will
9、not be leaving until one oclock.2021/8/11 星期三11现在完成时现在完成时 表示动作刚刚完成.I have finished that work.表示过去做的动作对现在仍有影响.Who has opened the door?表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在并且可能会延续下去.He has worked in the company since he came to the city.2021/8/11 星期三12过去完成时过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作 By the end of 2002,the factory had p
10、roduces 200000cars.表示在过去某一时间开始一直延续到另一个过去的时间的动作 The old man had been ill for a long time before he died in 2002.2021/8/11 星期三13当含有由before,after,as soon as等引导的复合句中，由于连词本身可以明确表示动作发生的顺序，故主句和从句一般都用一般过去时 I went home after I finished my work.过去完成时常用于no sooner than和hardly,scarcelywhen等句型，从句用一般过去时 He had har
11、dly got on the train when the train started out.2021/8/11 星期三14将来完成时将来完成时 表示将来某一时刻或某一行为发生之前所完成的动作或这一动作仍在持续常和by或by the time等连用 By the end of this term,we shall have learned 18 lessons.2021/8/11 星期三15现在完成进行时现在完成进行时 表示从过去某时一直持续到现在的一个动作 It has been snowing since last Sunday.重复的动作表示感情色彩 Shes been saying that twenty times.已结束的动作所产生的影响 You have been cleaning the classroom,I think.2021/8/11 星期三16过去完成进行时过去完成进行时表示过去某时以前一直进行的一个动作这一动作可能在这一时间前刚结束或仍在进行.No one knew what this dad egg had been doing all this years.2021/8/11 星期三172021/8/11 星期三182021/8/11 星期三19