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1、必修一 Unit4 Natural Disasters知识拓展评价单课题：language pointsI .时文阅读An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 struck a mountainous area in the west of Chinas Sichuan province. The epicentre (震中) was located at the town ofLuding at a depth of 16 kilometers, about 180km southwest of Sichuans capital Chengdu.Some netizens
2、 from as far away as Changsha and Xian said they had felt the quake of Sichuan. Whats worse, minutes later, a second quake with a magnitude of 4.2 struck the city of Yafan near Luding.Is there a link between unusual animal behaviors and earthquake events? In 2020, researchers managed to precisely me
3、asure increased activity in a group of farm animals prior to seismic (地震的)activity. Though a definitive link has still not been proved, the scientists say their findings are a significant step forward in the search of one.IL革元核心知识点. slide(slid, slid)(l)vi/vt (使)滑行，滑动；(使)悄悄移动/到溜进 溜出()He slid into/out
4、 of the room while no one was looking.slide (sth) into /out (of.)把塞进/掏出He slid the money into his pocket.(2)C幻灯片 Im still working on the slides fbr my presentation.1 .flood(l)vi.淹没，大量涌入vt使灌满水；淹没涌进Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.Refugees continue to flood into neighbouring
5、countries.If the pipe bursts, it could flood the whole house.C洪水，水灾；大量 大量的 We9ve had a flood of inquiries.2 . rescue营救；救援营救；救援rescue team/workers/boatcome to/go to sb.*s rescue=rescue sb (2)vi 营救； 救援 rescue sb./sth. from.During the disaster, the rescue team will come to many peoples rescue, never gi
6、ving up any hope of rescuing them from danger.3 .damageU损坏； 破坏cause/do damage to Damage caused by the earthquake is very terrible.Eating too much meat at a time will cause/do damage to your stomach.(2)vt 损害；破坏 damage one*s reputation/healthdestroy v.破坏(不能修复)毁坏n.destmction damage损坏(还可 修复)4 .death C死亡
7、数，死亡人口 U死亡 die v dead adjA traffic accident occurred in the street yesterday, causing two deaths.die a glorious death bury the deadbe sentenced / burnt / starved /frozen to death5 .affect vt影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动被感动The noise from the coming and going cars of the road affected our study.The disease is beginn
8、ing to affect her eyesight.Most people present at the meeting were greatly/ deeply affected by his speech.effect C/U效果，影响 have an/no effect .C/U结果cause and effect因与果U效力，有效in effect实行,生效affection C/U喜爱，钟爱 They felt a great affection for her.7.shelter(1)U避难，保护C避难所take shelter from under the shelter of
9、food, clothing, and shelter 衣，食，住UPeople took shelter from the shower in the store.They offered a temporary shelter for the homeless man.(2)vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避shelter.from.shelter from.The trees shelter the field from the cold wind.We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun.8.ruinU毁灭；荒废；破产 the ruin of c
10、ivilizationC(常用复数)废墟，残骸，遗迹be/lie in ruinsThe whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.(2)vt 破坏，会坏 ruin sth/sb ruin ones health/fame/futureHeavy smoking ruins your health, so you should give up smoking.9.shock(1)U休克；打击；震惊；C令人震惊的事in shockHe looked at me in shock.His
11、death was a great shock to us all.vt/vi(使)震惊；震动shock sb使某人震惊be shocked at/by对感到震惊be shocked to do sth.做某事很震惊be shocked that.彳艮震惊.I was shocked to hear that our factory would have to close.The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is shocked at it.lO.trap (l)vt使落入险境；使陷入圈套be trapped in
12、 trap sb into doing sth.They trapped him into making a wrong decision.C陷阱，困境 set a trap fall into a trap.bury vt 埋葬；安葬bury one*s face in hands 双手掩面bury oneself in / be buried in Burying her face in her hands, the little girl was afraid to see the terrible scene.Buried in his study, he didnt notice m
13、e.11 .breathe vi/vt 呼吸 breathe( sth) in /out 吸气(吸入 sth) /呼气(呼出 sth)The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out.breath C/U take a deep breathhold one为 breath out of breath take one,s breath away (漂亮的东西或令人激动的事情)令人屏息 breathtaking adj.令人屏息的，令人惊叹的.effort努力 spare no effort(s) to do sth make an/e
14、very effort to do sth I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later.As far as Im concerned, you should make a greater effort to study hard.Im making every effort to achieve my life dream.(2)U力气，精力It takes effort to do sth做某事费力It takes a lot of effort to find him.12 .suffervt遭受；蒙受(s
15、uffer不用于被动语态)suffer pains/hardshipThe company suffered a great loss as a result of the accident.vi (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦suffer from a headache/bad cold As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.suffererC受苦者，受难者，患病者suffering C/U(肉体或内心的)痛苦，苦难13 .supply(1 )C/U供应/给(量) Our wood supply proved
16、 not enough.pl日用(必须)nn school/medical supplies (2)vt供应；供给supply sth sbsupply sb sthThe government has supplied plenty of food and clothes to the local people since the earthquake occurred.provide sb sth /provide sth sb offer sb sth/offer sthsb16.survive(l)vi/vt 幸存(于) survive (in)Her parents died in
17、the accident, but she survived.He survived (in)the earthquake.(2)vt比活得长She survived her husband by ten years.survival (1) U幸存；继续生存 the survival of the fittest(2) C幸存物；残存物 The ceremony is a survival from pre-Christian times.survivor n.幸存者，生还者17.powerC/U权力；能力，本领 have the power to do sthin/within ones
18、power beyond/out of one*s power U政权in power执政，当权(强调状态)come to powerC大国，强U威力，力量power failure a meeting of world powersthe power of the explosionvt给（机器）提供动力solar-powered太阳能驱动的The camera is powered by a small battery.powerful adj 强大的,强有力的powerful nationsa powerful argument有说月艮力的论据18.calmvt&vi（使）平静;（使）镇
19、定calm downcalm sb downCalm down! There is nothing to worry about.Calm yourself down; you should not be so excited.(2)adj平静的；镇静的；沉着的keep calm19.aid(1) C辅助设备teaching aids教具U帮助；援助；资助 first aid kitdo/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to sbin aid of用以帮助come/go to ones aid with the aid of sb.=with sb
20、s aidThey raise money in aid of the homeless.He was able to prove the existence of Jack with the aid of photos.(2)vt帮助；援助aid sb in doing sth/aid sb to do sth/ aid sb with sth On sundays we should aid our parents to do housework.2O.crash(l)C撞车事故，飞机失事vt/vi碰撞，撞击；(电脑)崩溃；(飞机)坠毁Files can be lost if the sy
21、stem suddenly crashes.The plane crashed seconds after the pilot reported engine trouble.A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus.(撞至llb) 21.sweep (swept. swept)vt/vi 打扫，清扫 sweep (up )the broken glassShe was sweeping (up) in the yard.vt/vi (风、浪、火)扫过,掠过；风行，迅速传播Thunderstorms swept
22、 the country.A wave of nationalism swept the country.A wave of fear swept over him.sweep away Many houses were swept away by the floods.22,strike (struck, struck)(l)vt正式用语打；撞击 The ship struck a rock.The boy fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.（2）vi/vt（时钟等）敲响；报时）The church clock began to
23、 strike twelve.vi/vt（不幸等）突然降临；突然袭击be struck by Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.She was practicing surfing when a shark struck.（4）vt 不用于进行时（使）突然想到/意识到The solution struck me immediately.It strikes sb + that 从句 It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.（5）vt给以某种印象W
24、e were struck by her kindness.What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.（6）vi罢工The bus drivers were striking for more money.strike a balanceHe found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.strike a deal strike fear / terror into sbs heart strike C & U罢工 go o
25、n strikestricken adj 遭受的,受之困的 earthquake-stricken areas地震灾区striker C罢工者；（足球的）前锋；（棒球的）击球手striking adj惊人的；显著的；引人注目的 a striking contrast鲜明的 对比23.deliver递送，传达 deliver sth. to sb.Leaflets have been delivered to every household.We promise to deliver within 48 hours.vt 发表 She delivered a lecture on genetic
26、 engineering.vt 接生 deliver a babydelivery U/C递送，递送的物品 a delivery servicea delivery man24 . summary C总结，概括，概要The following is a summary of our conclusions.Fve given a brief summary on a separate sheet.我把摘要写在单独一页上。in summary = to sum up In summary, this was a successful performance.adj.总结性的，概括的，概要的mak
27、e a summary reportsummarize vt/i 总结，概括，概述=sum （slh.）up25 . as if P50 教材原文seemed as if the world were coming to an end!as if意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，相当于as though,常用在动词look, seem, feel等词之后引导表语从句。如果从句表示的情况接近事实，从句用陈述语 气；反之，如果从句表示的情况与事实相反，或者是不可能发生，从句用虚 拟语气。It looks as if its going to rain.(l)as if/as though也常引导方式状语从
28、句，如果从句所表达的不是真实情 况，常用虚拟语气。She treats him as if he were a stranger.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done it?(2)as if状从的省略He raised his hand as if (he was) to command silence.26 .教材 P54I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling Test m
29、y home.be doing. when.正在做.这时be about to do / be on the point of 401咱1111正要做这时had just done.wheii刚刚做完这时I was watching TV when there was a loud knock at the door.She was about to/ was on the point of going out when the telephone rang.I had just come out of the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.
30、27 .教材 P55 A summary should be around one third the length of the original text.倍数的三种表达方法(1)倍数+asas(2)倍数+比较级+than(3)倍数+the size/length/width/height/age 等名词+ofThis ball is three times as big as that one.This ball is three times bigger than that one.This ball is three times the size of that one.The mo
31、use can eat three times its weight.in.词形转化.v摧毁,毁灭一 (过去式)一 n 破坏，毁灭一 adj破坏性的，毁灭性的.vt疏散，撤出vi.撤离一 n疏散，撤出，撤 退1 . n电，电能一 adj电的，电动的，用电的 adj与电有关的一 adj电子的. n 死； 死亡 T vt/vi死一 adj,死的2 .n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 一 vt（使） 震惊一 adj震惊的一 adj令人震惊的.vi/vt呼吸一 n 呼吸3 .vt/vi复活；（使）苏醒一 n振兴；复苏.yi/vt统；（使）成体一 adj.联合的4 . n.智慧，才智 adj智慧的，明智的.v
32、t遭受；蒙受vi（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦一 n 苦难5 .vi/vt（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出一 n爆发6 .vi生存；存活vt幸存；艰难度过一 n幸存者；生还 者一 n幸存. n电力供应；能量；力量；控制力一 adj强有 力的；有影响力的7 . vt/vi传达；递送vt发表一 n递送15,n总结；概括；概要一 vt总结； 概括16 .n影响；结果；效果_ adj有效 的.n 长； 长度 vi/vt（使）变长一 adj长的.adj意识到的，知道的一 n意识，知道17 .adj安 全的一 n 安 全.v缓和，减轻；使松一口气；使轻松n减轻，缓 和；宽慰18 .v给予（某人）动机，刺激，
33、激发一 n动机IV.教材基础短语及表达1.自然灾害2.提高意识3.安全措施4.救灾工作5.在洪灾区6. 救援队7 . 汶川发生特大地震.像往常一样8 .结束.最严重的地震之一9 .不到一分钟.只是废墟10 .百分之九十的房屋没了。11 .成千上万.倒塌12 .希望尚存.挖出13 .提供医疗服务.重新站起来14 .市民不懈的努力.交通方面的巨大改善15 .在灾难时刻.保持乐观16 .重建美好未来.杳字曲17 .二尽可能努力做.营救被困废墟下的人18 . 经历类似改变.赢得荣誉19 .轮流做.希望得到帮助20 .安全指导.急救箱21 .备有应急物资.基于以上细节22 .出于感激.激励某人做23 . 不知从哪里，突然出现.朝四面八方24 .监测地球运动