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1、“解题达大”备战2023高考语法之冠词考点一：基础知识解析1:考点归纳冠词是高考必考热点，以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，把冠词结合名词一起考查。冠词的泛指、特指在形容词和副词比较级前的用法固定搭配2：知识详解用在第一次提到或出现的可数名词单数前, 泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。用于可数名词单数前，泛指一类人或事物, 或指同类中的“一个表示数量“一”，但不强调数量概念;或表示 “任何一个”。基本用法不定冠词用在表示人名的专有名词前，表示“一个 叫的人”“一个类似的人”“一 部的作品用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。不定冠词可以用于某些具体化的抽象名词 前,常考的具体化的抽象名词:succ
2、ess, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, pity, danger, comfort, honour 等。有些不可数名词如knowledge, understanding等后面加of时，前面需用不 定冠词 a/ano have a good knowledge of”精 通”;have a clear understanding of.“清楚地了解At that time, I was working in a factory. The factory produces car parts.那时，我在一家工厂工作。那家工厂 生产汽车零件。The Chi
3、nese Dream is a dream to improve peoples well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development.“中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和 谐、和平、发展的梦。Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their neighbors and apologize for their playing the piano.那天上午晚些时候,Dario建议他们应该给邻 居们写一封信，为他们弹钢琴这件事道歉。Brian is
4、 gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be a Beethoven. Brian在作曲上极有才华，他很有可能成为 一个像贝多芬那样的人。First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get a second chance to make a first impression.第 一印象最持久。毕竟，你绝不可能再有一个机会给别 人留下一个第一印象。Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those toug
5、h times.在那些艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人 感到欣慰的事。If you dont have a good knowledge of English, its out of the question for you to use it flexibly and fluently. 如果你不精通英语的话,灵活而流利地运用它是不可 能的。38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，与此同时，这也使他们成为了容易被攻击的目标，迫 使他们不断寻求庇护。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处需要非谓语动词做结果状语。根据语 境可知，成为了容易被攻击的目标的结果就是迫使他们不断寻求庇护，为
6、意料之中的结果，所以要用现在 分词。故填forcing。39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：几千年来，文明一直在寻找可以用作装饰的贝壳。分析句子结 构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词shells,先行词在定语从句中作主语，为物，所以用关 系代词which o故填which o40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：仅在过去的100年里，就有数百万只玳瑁海龟因壳而被杀， 尽管近年来对玳瑁海龟实施的国际贸易禁令降低了这一数字。分析句子结构可知，though引导的让步状 语从句中已经有谓语动词，所以空处为非谓语动词作定语，来修饰bans,该动词和所修饰的名词之间为 被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填in
7、troduced。41题详解】考查词性转化。句意：除了它们的壳有用之外，玳瑁海龟也是人们迫切需要的珍贵食 物。分析句子可知，空处需要修饰动词，所以要用副词。故填desperately。42题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在许多文化中，他们的肉被认为是稀有且昂贵的。分析句子 结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。句子为描述一般事实，所以要用一般现在时态；主语和谓语动词之间 存在被动关系，而主语不可数名词。故填is considered。43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：上述原因都是玳瑁海龟濒临灭绝的原因，但还有许多其他原因 导致该物种面临可怕的环境。account for “解释”。故填for。44题详解
8、】考查可数名词单复数。句意：上述原因都是玳瑁海龟濒临灭绝的原因，但还有许多其 他原因导致该物种面临可怕的环境。根据句意可知，玳瑁海龟不仅面对一种可怕的环境，circumstance“环 境”，为可数名词，该空用复数形式。故填circumstances。【45题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：幸运的是，人们对保护玳瑁的兴趣空前高涨。根据句意 可知，人们对保护玳瑁海龟的热情现在是最高涨的时候。never+形容词的比较级”表示最高级的含义。故 填 higheroPassage CThe only thing that is cooler than breaking a Guinness World
9、Record is breaking the record set by yourself. Thats exactly 56 gymnast Ashley Watson did on GWR (Guinness World Records) Day.57 (hold) every year in November, GWR Day is all about celebrating current world records and encouraging others to test their skills by breaking 58(they) own. In 2018, Ashley
10、 did just that with thefarthest backflip (后空翻)between two horizontal bars (单杠)at 59 distance of 5.87 meters.Yet even with Ashleys impressive skills, attempting to break his record 60(be) no simple task. Afterthree years spent 61(train) hard for November 17, 2021, his big moment finally arrived.The a
11、udience surrounding him as he began his attempt remained fairly quiet, the 62(weigh) of themoment heavy in the air. Then, Ashley began spinning in the air and his hands extended to grab onto the bars just 63 his reach. Cheers began to erupt as Ashley succeeded in holding onto the bars and sticking h
12、is landingafter 6 meters.“Seeing Ashley achieve this record was 64(true) amazing,“ said Alan Pixley, a GWR judge. Ashley and all of this years Guinness World Records title holders are an example of how your skills and strengths can lead you 65(become) officially amazing.解析:56. what. 57. Held 58. the
13、ir 59. a 60. was 61. training62. weight 63. beyond 64. truly 65. to become.56 .考查表语从句。句意：这正是体操运动员阿什莉沃森(Ashley Watson)在吉尼斯世界纪录日上 所做的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入表语从句的引导词，因表语从句中缺宾语，故用what。故填what。57 .考查非谓语动词。句意：GWR日每年11月举行，旨在庆祝当前的世界纪录，鼓励其他人通过打 破自己的纪录来测试自己的技能。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。句子的逻辑主语GWR Day与hold (举行)构成被动关系，故用过去分词
14、。故填Held。58 .考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词性物主代词。they的形容词性物主 代词是theiro故填theiro59 .考查冠词。句意：2018年，阿什利在距离5.87米的两个单杠之间做了最远的后空翻。分析句子可 知，空格处应填入冠词词。at a distance of.是固定短语，意为“相距故填a。60 .考查谓语动词。句意：然而，即使阿什莉有着令人印象深刻的技能，试图打破他的纪录也不是一 件简单的任务。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般过去时，句子主 语是动名词短语attempting to break his record
15、,表单数，故填waso61 .考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年U月17日，经过三年的艰苦训练，他的重要时刻终于到来了。 分析句子可知，空格处应填入现在分词。spend+一段时间+ (in) +doing sth.是固定短语，意为“花时间做 某事”。故填training。62 .考查名词。句意：当他开始尝试时，周围的观众都很安静，空气中弥漫着沉重的重量。分析句子 可知，空格位于定冠词之后，应填入名词，weigh的名词形式是weight。the weight of the moment heavy in the air是独立主格结构，其中the weight of the moment作独立主格结
16、构的主语。故填weight o63 .考查介词。句意：然后，阿什莉开始在空中旋转，他的手伸到了他够不着的栏杆上。分析句子可 知，空格处应填入介词。根据句意“够不着”判断，应填beyond。beyond one, s reach固定搭配，意思 是“够不着。故填beyond。64 .考查副词。句意：GWR法官艾伦皮克斯利(Alan Pixley)表示：“看到阿什利(Ashley)创下 这一纪录真是太棒了。”分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词修饰形容词amazing。故填truly。65 .考查非谓语动词。句意：“阿什莉和所有今年的吉尼斯世界纪录保持者都是一个例子，说明了你的 技能和优势是如何让你成为令
17、人惊叹的人的。”分析句子可知，空格处应填入表非谓语动词作宾语补足语。 lead sb.to do sth.是固定结构，意为“使某人做某事”，故用动词不定式结构。故填to become。Passage DDu Fu: Chinas Greatest Poet, a 58-minute documentary released recently on BBC, introduces Du Fu to the Western world for the first time56 the form of documentary. In the film, Michael Vot Wood, one o
18、f BBCsmost popular hosts, visited a number of Chinese 57(city ) to retrace Dus steps. The documentary invitedwell-known British actor Ian McKellen,58played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies, 59(read) 15 of Du*s poems that have been translated into English.Bom in 712, Du Fu lived through the vi
19、olent fall of Chinas brilliant Tang Dynasty. He had the desire to serve his country, but his life 60(destroy) by the An Lushan Rebellion of 755 of 61 many poems he wrote,500 have been preserved over the ages. For generations he 62 (be) the guardian of the moral conscience of the nation.The documenta
20、ry compared Du to Shakespeare to help audiences 63(well) understand the poefs greatachievements in literature. It also highlighted Chinese poetry, noting that its 3000-year-old history makes64the oldest living tradition of poetry in the world.During an interview, the director even quoted a line from
21、 Du 65(encourage)the people sufferingunder the COVID-19 pandemic.解析：56. in 57. cities 58. who 59. to read 60. was destroyed 61. the 62. has been 63. better 64. it 65. to encourage66 .考查介词。句意：近日，英国广播公司播出了一部58分钟的纪录片杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人, 首次以纪录片的形式将杜甫介绍给西方世界。结合句意表示“以形式”可知短语为in the form of。故 填in。67 .考查名词。句意：在影片中，
22、BBC最受欢迎的主持人之一迈克尔伍德，拜访了许多中国城市以 追溯杜甫的足迹。city为可数名词，由a number of修饰要用复数形式。故填cities。68 .考查定语从句。句意：该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演员 伊恩麦克莱恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Ian McKellen, 先行词在从句中作主语，指人，要用关系代词Who。故填who。69 .考查非谓语动词。句意：该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演 员伊恩麦克莱恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。结合句意表示“邀请某人做某事”可知短语为i
23、nvite sb. to do sth.o 故填 to read。70 .考查时态语态。句意：他渴望为他的国家服务，但他的生活被公元755年的安史之乱破坏了。分 析主语his life和所给谓语动词destroy不难推断，这里要用被动语态表示“他的生活被破坏”，且事件发 生在过去，要用一般过去时，主语为life,谓语动词用单数。故填was destroyed。71 .考查冠词。句意：在他写下的诸多诗篇中，只有500首流传至今。这里的many poem定语从句修 饰，特指，要用定冠词。故填the。72 .考查时态。句意：世世代代杜甫都是中华民族道德良知的捍卫者。这里有“for generatio
24、ns”作时 间状语，表示动作发生于过去并一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时,主语是he,助动词用has。故填has been。73 .考查副词比较级。句意：纪录片将杜甫与莎士比亚做比较以帮助观众们更好地理解杜甫在文学上 的伟大成就。从句意上来看，这里通过比较的手段是为了达成使观众理解更深、更好的目的，要用well 的比较级。故填better o74 .考查代词。句意：它还强调了中国诗歌。指出中国诗歌以其3000年的历史成为了世界上现存最古 老的诗歌。代指前面的单数名词Chinese poetry要用it。故填it。75 .考查非谓语动词。句意：在一场采访中，导演甚至引用了杜甫的一句诗来鼓励正在新冠
25、疫情下煎 熬的人们。分析句子可知suffer在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填suffering。Passage EYou may think you cannot live through summer without air conditioners. But in ancient China, hand fans were almost the only help for people 56 (drive) the heat away.Chinese people started to use hand fans over 2,000
26、 years ago. The fans came 57 differentsend) out asend) out ashapes, such as round and square and they were made from various materials. Palm leaf fans were cheap and easy to make. Feather fans showed the owners high status. Sandalwood fans 5859(late), hand fans became more than something 60 could co
27、ol you down.They developed into art works, in which tuanshan and zheshan were the most common.Shaped like 61 full moon, tuanshan was usually made of silk. They had beautiful embroidery(刺 绣 ) featuring birds and flowers on them. Females, especially 62 (woman) in the royal palace,liked to use them. Po
28、ets in ancient China often compared a womans abandoned fate to tuanshan. A poet wrote during the Qing Dynasty, “If only life were as 63 (beauty) as when we first met, why should the autumn wind bother to pity deserted painted fans?”Meanwhile, men, especially the literati (文人),used zheshan. The liter
29、ati liked them because they could paint and write poems on them.64 was a way for them to show off their talent in literature, painting and calligraphy. Almost anything could 65 (paint) on zheshan, but the most popular ones usually featured landscapes.解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍手工扇子的作用，种类和特点等。【56题详解】考查不定式。句意：
30、但在古代中国，手工扇子几乎是人们驱热的唯一帮助。分析句子 可知，设空处为非谓语动词，在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，故填to drive。57题详解】考查介词。句意：扇子的形状各异，有圆形的，也有方形的，材质也各不相同。分析 句子可知，设空处为介词，意为“以.方式)”，故填加。58题详解】考查动词时态。句意：檀香扇散发出阵阵清香。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语动词， 本句描述的是过去的事实，且主语和谓语为主动关系。故填sent。59题详解】考查副词。句意：后来，手扇就不仅仅是用来降温的了。分析句子可知，设空处修饰 后面的句子，应用副词形式，意为“后来”，位于句首，首字母要大写，故填Later。【60
31、题详解】考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，5 could cool you down为限制性定语从句，先行词为something,不定代词并且指物，只能用that,故填that。61题详解】考查冠词。句意：团扇的形状像满月，通常由丝绸制成。分析句子可知，设空处修饰 名词moon,并且前面有形容词full修饰，应用不定冠词，full以辅音音素开头，故填a。62题详解】考查名词。句意：女性，尤其是皇宫里的女性，喜欢使用它们。分析句子可知，根据 上文的Females,可知这里的woman应该用复数形式，故填womeno【63题详解】考查形容词。句意：清代有诗人写道：“人生若如初见那般美好，秋风
32、何须怜荒废的彩 扇？”分析句子可知，设空处接在be动词后作表语，应用形容词，并且用在as-as之间，用原级，故填 beautiful o64题详解】考查代词。句意：这是他们展示文学、绘画和书法才能的一种方式。分析句子可知， 设空处代替后面的不定式做主语，应用it作形式主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填It。【65题详解】考查代词。句意：折扇上几乎什么都可以画，但最受欢迎的通常是风景画。分析句子 可知，设空处为谓语，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，并且接在情态动词后，要用原形，故填 be painted oPassage FThe home of the future won*t be 1(c
33、omplete) different and we will be living in houses and flats justas we do today.2(build) in different shapes, no two homes will look the same. People will be able to buy “house kits“ containing a basic house structure, with adjustable walls, doors and windows. They will put together the different pa
34、rts 3(create) the home they want.Space holidays will develop in the future, but these holidays wont be for everyone because they are4(expensive) than holidays on the earth. Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth 5 it will be possible to have a longer vac
35、ation. By 6 end of the next century,there will be holiday centres on the moon with leisure facilities for families.According to the laws of physics, the earth is going to 7( appear) some time in the future. This isntgoing to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion
36、years when our sun 8(explode).9 a result,we will have to explore the universe and find another home. At somepoint in the distant future, either we stay on the earth and die with it,or we leave and move to another planet. There wont be any other 10(choose).解析：1. completely考查副词。句意：将来的家不会是完全不同，我们将住在房子里
37、和公寓里，就像现在 住的一样。修饰形容词di懂erent要用副词。故填completely。2. Built考查非谓语动词。句意：被建成不同的形状，没有两个房子是一样的。空格处是状语，build 与主语two homes是被动关系，要用过去分词，故填Builto3. to create考查非谓语动词。句意：他们将不同的部分组装成他们想要的家。空格处表目的，要用 不定式。故填to createo4. more expensive考查形容词。句意：太空度假在将来将会发展，但是这些假期不适合于每一个人, 因为这些假期要比地球上的贵许多。根据than holidays on the earth可知此处
38、进行比较，要用比较级。故 填 more expensive o5. where考查定语从句。句意：短期太空旅游将首先发展，然后太空旅馆将围绕地球，在那里较长 的度假是可能的。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the earth,在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词 where引导。故填whereo6. the考查冠词。句意：到下一世纪末，在月球上将有舒适的度假中心。根据by the end of(在 末)可知空格处填the。故填the。7. disappear考查动词。句意：根据物理法则，地球将在将来的某个时候消失。根据be going to do(将 做某事)可知，空格处是动词原形，结合句意“消失
39、”可知，此处为disappear。故填disappear。8. explodes考查动词。句意：这个不可能明天发生，但是科学家预测50亿年以后，太阳将会爆炸。 主句为一般将来时，when引导的时间状语从句，要用一般现在时表将来，主语为our sun,谓语动词使用 第三人称单数形式。故填explodes。9. As考查固定短语。句意：因此，我们不得不探索宇宙，找到新的家园。根据固定短语as a result(因 此)可知，空格处填as,位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。10. choice考查名词。句意：那里不会有其它选择。根据any other可知空格处是名词。故填choice。Passage
40、 GMay 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63
41、(address) the opening ceremony. nAs a mainpromoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64(large) tea-producing country, Chinahas a 65 (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66
42、(share) future for mankind, he said.The First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative1 issued (发布)at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotionTea Road Cooperative Plan
43、was also issued in accordance with the initiative.68(strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotionalactivities on social media, 69(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-sixhours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.The
44、Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕)at the ceremony, opening 70 (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of TruthA Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.解析：6Lby【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。 根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故 填by。62. the【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四
45、在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一 系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一*节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。63. addressed【解析】考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。64. largest【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主 要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大 产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。65. responsibility【解析】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最
46、大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要 推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填 responsibility o66. shared【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定 语来修饰名词futureo非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填 shared o67. and【解析】考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结 起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchange
47、s为并列成分，作动 词promote的宾语。故填and。68. To strengthen【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体 上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句 意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。69. inviting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的 一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓 语动词，逻辑主语the event与inv
48、ite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。70. its考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真 普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。固 all of a sudden 突然地;as a matter of fact 事实上;at a loss 不知所措,困惑;pay a visit to 参观，拜 定 访;be/go on a diet 节食;give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车;have a gift for 在方面有天赋;have a word搭 with与谈话;make a fool of愚弄;in a hurry匆忙地;in a way在某种程度上;keep an eye on留配 意,留神;make a living 谋生;once in a while 偶尔;as a result/consequence 因此，结果刖面已提及的人或物再次被提到时，或谈话Take your time-its just a short distance from here