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1、Liquid-liquid extraction Principles of Chemical Engineering-CDUTAim and requirementsWe should master the representation method of liquid-liquid phase equilibrium on the triangle phase diagram,andbe able to analyze and calculate the process of single stageextraction with triangle phase diagram.Finall
2、y,we shouldunderstand the process of multi-stage extraction process,thetype and structure characteristics of extraction equipment.Principles of Chemical Engineering-CDUTbrief introduction of extraction processseparation system：the method to form two phase:introduce a liquid phase(extractant)the prin
3、ciple of extraction：(A+B)liquid mixtureintroduce another liquid phasethe solubility of components in extractant is differentliquid phase(extaction phase)(S+A+a trace of B)liquid phase(raffinate)(B+traces of A and S)exampleliquid mixturethe solubility of components in extractant is differentTo make t
4、echnical grade phosphoric acid by extraction and separation oftributyl phosphate from wet process phosphoric acidPrinciples of Chemical Engineering-CDUTthe process of extractiondiagram of extractionextract Eextraction Eraffinate Rraffinate Rfeed liquid A+Bmixing tanksedimentation and stratificationr
5、emove solventPrinciples of Chemical Engineering-CDUTthe classification of extractionclassification according to chemical reactionextractionphysical extractionchemical extractionclassification according to seriesextractionsingle stage extractionmulti-stage extractionmulti-stage cross current extracti
6、on multi-stage countercurrent extraction.solubility,or partition coefficient is differentThere exists chemical reaction between solute and extractant Principles of Chemical Engineering-CDUTmulti-stage cross current extractionThe total amount of solvent is the sum of all levels of solvent.Each stage
7、is a new extractant,which has a large driving force of mass transfer and a large amount of solvent.Generally,it belongs to batch operation with small production capacity.FFx1S1R1x1E1y2S2R2x2E2y1nR1nxnSnRnxnEny12nPrinciples of Chemical Engineering-CDUTmulti-stage countercurrent extraction.FFx1R1x1E1y
8、2R2x3E3y1nR1nxnRnxnEnyS2E2ySy12n萃取剂循环使用，传质推动力大，溶剂用量小连续操作，生产能力大Compared to cross current extraction,the concentration should be increased by 8.5%in countercurrent extraction,the efficiency of extraction phase should bedecreased by around 1/2,the amount of extractant decreased by 2/3countercurrent is
9、better than cross Principles of Chemical Engineering-CDUTclassification according to extraction techniqueextractionsingle solvent extractiondouble solvent extractionmembrane extractionsupercritical extractiongelation extractionreverse micelle extractionclassification according to extraction componen
10、t categoryextractionsingle component extractionmulti-component extractionthe classification of extractionPrinciples of Chemical Engineering-CDUTthe applicative condition of extractionthe application of extraction芳烃萃取The concentration of solute is low,and hard to volatile the separation of component system.extract metallics from penicillinazeotrope formed in the process of rectification of feed liquidseparate phenol from coal tarthe separation of thermosensitive substanceextract essential oil from plantsphenolcoal tarwhen boiling points of components are similar,the volatility 1 separate.