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1、 National folk arts and crafts in the information age Abstract:National folk arts and crafts are the products of the creation culture in the agrarian era.They are closely related to the production and life of people of all nationalities,such as clothing,food,housing,transportation and use.They bear
2、the essence of the long national spiritual culture and the creation culture,and are an important part of the intangible cultural heritage.In the developed areas of our country has entered the information society today,the national folk arts and crafts are facing a new test of survival.From the persp
3、ective of communication studies,a new relationship has emerged between the new cultural carrying technology and the cultural content it is loaded with under the information environment.The integration of new media,new technology and intangible cultural heritage will bring new thinking and new opport
4、unities to the inheritance,utilization and innovation of traditional culture.Key words:Arts and crafts;Folk craft;Intangible cultural heritage;The new media The traditional art,which is mainly composed of folk arts and crafts,is the most typical type of Chinas intangible cultural heritage.It is main
5、ly manifested in peoples clothing,food,housing,transportation and usage,and carries the essence of national spiritual culture and creative culture.The protection,utilization and inheritance of national folk arts and crafts show different methods,forms and paths in the information age.A careful study
6、 of these new features will play a positive role in promoting the inheritance and innovation of the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities.I.Design styles of different times Design is an indispensable cultural activity in peoples production and life.It runs through each period of human so
7、ciety and reflects the productivity level,aesthetic consciousness and cultural status of an era.Design is aimed at making things for people,and it has different connotations and forms of expression in different times.(I)Agrarian Era-Arts and Crafts Human beings have been inextricably bound to design
8、 since their distant childhood.It began with the making of stone tools,and gradually developed into the grinding of stone tools,enabling people to master the first tools of conquering nature.The appearance of painted pottery marked the progress of human creation in primitive society.A large number o
9、f painted pottery and ornamentals brought our ancestors vast space for imagination.They also reflected a kind of remarkable creativity in ancient Chinese arts and crafts and gave birth to the original idea of design.Arts and Crafts,an ancient form of design,was formed and matured after several thous
10、and years of agricultural society and its farming culture.In the agricultural society with underdeveloped productivity,the arts and crafts closely related to peoples life are mainly reflected in the design and production of clothing,food,housing and transportation.An outstanding feature of arts and
11、crafts is the integration of design and manufacturing.The designers of arts and crafts are also producers,which is especially prominent in folk arts and crafts.As the product of self-sufficient natural economic development,arts and crafts are spontaneous creation activities to meet their own spiritu
12、al and material cultural needs.It has always maintained the initial state before the practical and aesthetic differentiation and the characteristics of primitive and meta-culture,and also reflects the chaotic philosophy of ancient China.(ii)Industrial Age-Art and Design After human civilization ente
13、red the industrial society,the content and form of design changed dramatically.Most of the industries and design forms in arts and crafts were closely combined with modern industrial production,and they were increasingly far away from the arts and crafts of traditional handicraft.Industrial machine
14、production laid the social material foundation for modern design,the division of labor between design and manufacturing,and the separation of creation and use played a positive catalytic role in the development of modern design.Since the 1970s,the western modern design trend began to influence our c
15、ountry comprehensively,and the design circle gradually used the concepts of design,graphic design,industrial modeling design and so on.By the 1990s,the call for industrial design had grown to the point where all design activities under industrial conditions were referred to as industrial design.The
16、connotation of industrial design has expanded from the initial industrial art design and industrial modeling design to graphic design,environmental art design,advertising design,costume design and almost all non-handicraft design and production fields,which have a tendency to replace all visual desi
17、gn.It was not until the last two years of the 20th century that Chinas education circle officially adopted the name of art design to replace the traditional arts and crafts,and Design art was used to cover the direction of industrial design in the professional catalogue of doctors and masters degree
18、s.The term design style of industrial society is determined by the nature of its large machine production and the industry to which it is adapted.We can generalize the Design style of this era as Art and Design.It is the subject style of industrial society design.(iii)Information Age-Digital Media D
19、esign With the advent of the 21st century,human society has gradually stepped into the information society.Digital technology marked by computer science has brought unprecedented prosperity to art design.From the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century,computer intervention in t
20、he form of design has swept through packaging,advertising,printing,film and television,the Internet,architecture,landscape,industrial modeling,textile,clothing and almost all other visual design fields at an amazing speed,design art into the new digital era.The digitization technology of design in t
21、he information society and the change of design thinking and design mode brought by it are the outstanding factors that distinguish the design style from the artistic design in the industrial society in this period.digitization reflects the commonness of design in the information society and the cha
22、racteristics of its productivity.So we can put the information society has the characteristics of Digital design summed up as Digital Media design,Digital Media,De-sign),its arts and crafts agricultural society,industrial society,the concept of art has basically the same,is the main part of the info
23、rmation society design style,it should be based on the science of Digital information age of cross-industry emerging design style and design disciplines.When we talk about the design styles of different eras,we mean that each era has its representative and main design style,but not the absolute styl
24、e.In China,in the industrial society,arts and crafts and art and design coexist for quite a period of time.In 2007,the national standard referred to visual design as arts and crafts.In the information society,art design,arts and crafts and digital media design will coexist.National folk arts and cra
25、fts will exist for a long time in the information age and realize modern integration with new technology and new media in the design of digital media.(iv)Dissipative structure of craft culture The dissipative structure of culture holds that the process of existence and change of cultural system is o
26、pen and has its own dissipative structure.It keeps exchanging material,energy and information with other cultural systems,constantly absorbing new cultural characteristics and continuously dissipating old cultural characteristics.It is precisely this state of balance caused by drawing on the past an
27、d absorbing the new.Culture not only develops continuously,but also maintains a special orderly and stable structure,which provides conditions for its further development.The inheritance and development of the craft culture represented by the folk craft in the social transformation period reflects t
28、he law of dissipative structure.National folk craft culture is a vibrant cultural ecosystem,which forms a closely connected cultural chain among various cultural elements and realizes its own cultural function.It preserves the chaotic state before the material and spirit of the creation of early hum
29、an beings,and contains rich humanistic connotation and reasonable factors for protecting ecology and cherishing resources.It is a model of harmonious coexistence of man and thing,man and nature.It provides cultural reference for the realization of the cultural and economic construction in the social
30、 transition period and the sustainable development of the future society.the national folk craft culture in the information age(I)Modern enlightenment of traditional handcraft culture National folk arts and crafts is a traditional craft culture,it is a hand and tools used in peoples social practice
31、as a result,to for life in the modern industrial civilization of modern people on a real humanistic care,the healthy personality structure,promote the harmonious development of body and mind,lack life value compensation plays a positive role.From the most general sense,the manual production or manua
32、l production technology through the various aspects of individual qualities and can adapt to and play,through to the individual may render the richness and diversity of maintenance and tolerance,through the individual freedom of domination and express their desire to respect and satisfy,and show a k
33、ind of nature of the possibility and orientation of produce complete.The evolution of the hand has opened the chapter of human civilization.With the development of science and technology in industrial society,the hand has played an extremely important role.The invention and creation of all kinds of
34、science and technology are inseparable from the participation of the hand,especially the barrier-free cooperation between the brain and the hand,which extends the function of tools to a more macroscopic and more microscopic material world.As an important medium to connect and communicate human intel
35、ligence with nature,hand plays an irreplaceable role and function.It is an inevitable channel for human intelligence to materialize,and also the foundation and source of creative culture innovation including cutting-edge science.If the function of the hand degrades,it means that the important tribut
36、aries of the source of human civilization innovation are exhausted.Once the ecological balance of manual culture is destroyed,irreversible degeneration of human organs will be caused,followed by the withering of creativity,which will bring fatal disaster to human beings.(ii)Development of traditiona
37、l cultural resources under the environment of integration of three networks The longer a countrys cultural history is,the heavier its cultural accumulation will be and the greater its historical investment will be.In an industrial society dominated by production technology,this historical accumulati
38、on will become a heavy cultural burden.However,in the post-industrial era,the value of this burden has undergone a qualitative reversal.The longer a countrys history is,the more abundant its cultural resources will be,and the stronger and more sustainable its cultural industry development ability wi
39、ll be.From this perspective,in the context of the integration of the three networks,Chinas 5,000-year history is no longer a burden,but an investment of 5,000 years,and now it is time to recycle.The integration of the Internet,telecommunication network and TV network makes the Internet,telecommunica
40、tion network and TV into one.It not only dismantles the traditional barriers between various media and makes it a unified carrier,but also greatly stimulates the demand for information content and triggers the large-scale media transfer and resource integration in the cultural industry.Through digit
41、al transformation,traditional cultural resources can become the content of information industry,which not only finds a new application way for traditional culture in modern society,but also expands the radiation of traditional culture,so that more and more people can spread and understand traditiona
42、l culture.Through the integration of information industry as an operating platform for cultural resources,it has become a bridge between tradition and modernity,reflecting new values and giving rise to a brand new relationship between the culture carrying technology and the cultural content it carri
43、es.In the industrial era,because people overemphasized the material and technology under the condition of industrialization,the folk arts and crafts could only serve as a cultural supplement full of human interest and nostalgia,and it was always on the edge of contemporary culture.Entering the era o
44、f content is king,the destiny of folk craft culture will have a historic change.As a kind of high-quality cultural resources,intangible cultural heritages such as folk arts and crafts will be transformed into digital content through new technologies and new media to enter the vision of ordinary peop
45、le and join the ranks of cultural supply and demand and cultural consumption in modern society.In the past,the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic and folk,which was considered to be on the edge of economic life,may enter the heartland of economic development from its spiritual home.These rich an
46、d colorful cultural heritages and the folk customs,living habits and aesthetic interests attached to them will have more and more development value in the information age.(iii)Digital exploration of intangible cultural heritage From the perspective of traditional resources,folk handicrafts and other
47、 non-material cultural heritages are the products of agricultural society.They are too far away from peoples modern life,and unredesigned folk handicrafts cannot be integrated into todays life,so people often engrave them in museums.In fact,these historical relics are precious non-renewable resource
48、s that can be transformed into new cultural or media content.In order for these resources to become new media content,they must undergo digital processing in line with the law of new media communication.Digitization of national intangible cultural heritage will lead to an in-depth and thorough digit
49、ization of national culture.In this process,people re-comb,analyze,classify and quantify cultural relics from a different perspective from traditional ones,which can make up for the defects of original qualitative research,and thus discover the national cultural characteristics that could not be fou
50、nd by traditional research methods,so as to explore the DNA of culture.Digital exploration is a new process of deciphering cultural genes,which is just like describing a nations cultural gene map.This process creates a huge set of problems,many of which were never discovered before.It is a new view