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1、Choice of Words Choice of Words 选词 Denotation and connotation 02 Different types of connotations 03 01 Brief introduction of choosing words 1.Brief introduction of choosing words William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare 15,000 English words Page 7 laugh,giggle,chuckle,grin,guffaw,beam,smile Page 8 gig
2、gle：音调高或尖声地笑,常指儿童或女孩咯咯笑 The girls whispered and giggled together.Page 9 chuckle:轻笑,暗笑,常用比喻意义,指觉得满意 He was chuckling to himself over what he was reading.Page 10 grin:指露齿而笑 He was grinning from ear to ear.Page 11 guffaw:放声大笑,哄笑 The company guffawed at the silly answer.Page 12 beam:笑逐颜开 Her face beamed
3、 with joy.Page 13 smile:微笑 He smiled to see the children play.Page 14 walk marching,pacing,patrolling,stalking,striding,treading,tramping,stepping out,prancing,strutting,prowling,plodding,strolling,shuffling,staggering,sidling,trudging,toddling,rambling,roaming,sauntering,meandering,lounging,loiteri
4、ng,creeping(1)In my childhood I loved to watch trains go by.(2)When I was a child,I loved watching trains go by.(1)In my childhood I loved to watch trains go by.(2)When I was a child,I loved watching trains go by.General rule:Words used must match the thought.2.Denotation and connotation Page 19 Den
5、otation and Connotation 1)Denotation:Denotation is the specific,direct,and literal meaning of a word.直接意义：一个词最特定的或最直接的意义；或字面意义 2)Connotation:Connotation is the associative or suggestive meaning of a word.内涵或言外之意。Page 20 Denotation and Connotation Centre:denotation Ripples:connotations Page 21 cheap:
6、adj.Denotation:low in price,costing little money价格低的；便宜的；Connotations:insincere;shallow;mean;despicable;contemptible;stingy不真诚的；肤浅的；小气的；卑鄙的；下流的；低级的 e.g.cheap flattery;a cheap remark;a cheap trick;a cheap crook 假意奉承，下流的话，卑鄙伎俩，卑鄙小人 Denotation and Connotation Page 22 yellow:n./adj.Denotation:n.the colo
7、r yellow 黄色 adj.of the color of sth.黄色的 Denotation and Connotation Page 23 yellow:Connotations:Some people use“yellow”for pornographic literature.The oriental people are called“yellow race”because their skin are yellow.When“yellow”is used to refer to ones character(性格),it means“cowardly”.In traffic
8、lights,“yellow”suggests a warning.Denotation and Connotation 3.Different types of connotations(1)Words may have positive and negative connotations Different Types of Connotations slender skinny(1)Words may have historical and social connotations Different Types of Connotations fireside(1)Words may h
9、ave historical and social connotations Different Types of Connotations Watergate(3)Words may have personal and general connotations Different Types of Connotations seaside Page 29(1)The connotations of a word are constantly changing.E.g.She had a gay,lively personality that attracted people to her.n
10、ow:gay=homosexual Notes Page 30(2)Both denotation and connotation are important aspects of the meaning of a word.Notes Page 31(3)Literature,especially poetry,uses words largely for their connotative meanings,while technical and scientific writing primarily relies on the denotative use of words.Notes THANK YOU ENGL I SH RHETORI C