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1、Secluded and beautiful canyonGeoscience LandscapeExploration,Aesthetics and CultureSecluded and beautiful canyonChapter 6Chapter 6 Secluded and beautiful canyonSecluded and beautiful canyonSecluded and beautiful canyonOutline:1.Introduction2.Canyon and canyon landscape3.Formation and type of Canyon4
2、.Natural aesthetic characteristics ofcanyon5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyon1.IntroductionCanyons generally attach to mountainsTheantithesisandbalanceoflandscapeaesthetics between mountains and valleysMountain-tall and masculineCanyon quiet and deepSecluded and beautiful
3、canyonSecluded and beautiful canyon2.The concept of Canyon Chinese character xia,pictophoneticcharacter Chinese character Gu,hieroglyph In Geoscience,the canyon is a narrow and deep valley with a certain scale and a steep slope.Secluded and beautiful canyonIt is generally developed in the areas of t
4、ectonic uplift and valley slope composed of hard rock.When the uplift velocity of the ground is in harmony with the undercutting,the canyon is easy to form.2.The concept of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyon2.The concept of CanyonCanyon and river valleyCanyon landscapeSecluded and beautiful canyon
5、Formation of Canyon1)Material foundation:hard rock2)Landscape creation by endogeneticforces:design the location,direction,scale,etc.of the canyon3)Landscape creation by endogeneticforces:carving,processing and scale3.Formation and type of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyon Formation of Canyon Class
6、ification according to cause:earthquake canyon,river erosion canyon Profile shape:U,V shape Whether there is regular running water Rock properties3.Formation and type of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyonThe steep and straight depth of the valley slope is far greater than the width of the canyon.Fr
7、om the cross section,it is often in the shape of U,so it is also called U valley.They are generally formed by river erosion or glacier erosion in early mountain rivers in areas where structural joints are developed.Narrow gorge3.Formation and type of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyonTaroko Gorge,T
8、aiwanThe abundant stream of Liwu River eroded downward continuously,and the marble layer with a thickness of more than 1000m was cut open,which exposed the marble layer,forming the U-shaped canyon between the Tarokoon the East-West Cross-Island Highway and Tianxiang.Secluded and beautiful canyonOnce
9、 a heavy rain falls on the mountain,a raging stream will form in the valley.It continuously expands the extent of side erosion,and the valley(U shape)is also constantly eroding and collapsing and developing toward the V shape valley.Secluded and beautiful canyon Gully3.Formation and type of CanyonIt
10、 is a canyon with deep and narrow valley and large slope.From the section,it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.It is mostly V-shaped,so it is also called V-shaped valley.Secluded and beautiful canyon Scenery of the Three Gorges3.Formation and type of CanyonWhen the water eroded Canyon cont
11、inuously cuts through the fold structure,the wide valley and Canyon appear alternately.Secluded and beautiful canyon Two wonders of canyon“Yixiantian”3.Formation and type of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyon3.Formation and type of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyon Two wonders of canyon“Bujiantia
12、n”3.Formation and type of CanyonSecluded and beautiful canyon4.Natural aesthetic characteristicsof canyon The ornamental value of canyon MajesticSecluded and beautiful canyon4.Natural aesthetic characteristicsof canyon The ornamental value of canyon PrecipitousSecluded and beautiful canyon4.Natural
13、aesthetic characteristicsof canyon The ornamental value of canyon PrecipitousSecluded and beautiful canyonOn March 20,2007,the air Overpass was officially unveiled.It is 1200 meters from the ground.The horseshoe shaped steel structure bridge extends 21 meters out of the cliff.The bridge deck is made
14、 of 10 cm thick reinforced transparent glass.The whole bridge weighs about 485 tons and is about 3 meters wide.It can accommodate 120 tourists at the same time.Walking on the bridge,it looks like walking in the cloud.Secluded and beautiful canyonOn March 20,2007,the air Overpass was officially unvei
15、led.It is 1200 meters from the ground.The horseshoe shaped steel structure bridge extends 21 meters out of the cliff.The bridge deck is made of 10 cm thick reinforced transparent glass.The whole bridge weighs about 485 tons and is about 3 meters wide.It can accommodate 120 tourists at the same time.
16、Walking on the bridge,it looks like walking in the cloud.Secluded and beautiful canyonOn March 20,2007,the air Overpass was officially unveiled.It is 1200 meters from the ground.The horseshoe shaped steel structure bridge extends 21 meters out of the cliff.The bridge deck is made of 10 cm thick rein
17、forced transparent glass.The whole bridge weighs about 485 tons and is about 3 meters wide.It can accommodate 120 tourists at the same time.Walking on the bridge,it looks like walking in the cloud.Secluded and beautiful canyon4.Natural aesthetic characteristicsof canyon The ornamental value of canyo
18、n BeautifulSecluded and beautiful canyon4.Natural aesthetic characteristicsof canyon The ornamental value of canyon QuietSecluded and beautiful canyon4.Natural aesthetic characteristicsof canyon The ornamental value of canyon PeculiarSecluded and beautiful canyon The aesthetic characteristics of Can
19、yon division in China Western China:large scale,deep and majestic Central:combination of precipitous and beautiful,colorful East:relatively small scale,delicate,quiet and beautiful4.Natural aesthetic characteristicsof canyonSecluded and beautiful canyon5.Appreciation of Canyon culture Bizarre cognit
20、ive culture Myth of Canyon formation Related to the later folk custom and traditional cultureSecluded and beautiful canyon Humanities History Book Unique cultural integration zoneDaxi culture(Wushan,Fengjie):East Sichuan,Southwest Hubei,North Hunan5.Appreciation of Canyon culture The channel of huma
21、n migration Three Gorges:Bashu,Jingchu and Central PlainsSecluded and beautiful canyon Humanities History Book Folk custom cultureDue to geographical factors such as mountains and water,the canyon area often retains the traditional culture of the original residents and forms a unique canyon cultural
22、 belt.5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyon Humanities History Book Folk custom culture Three Gorges of the Yangtze River:East Sichuan“Huajiao,spicy flavor,stiletto,white tiger totem,boat song The Grand Canyon:cliff dwellings,cliff paintings,ancestor worship,indigenous Indian
23、s do not eat fish,etc.5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyon Humanities History Book Military culture The blocking of mountains and the protection of nature The significance of canyon in military attack and defensePassThree Gorges of the Yangtze River:Gongsun Shu-Baidi CityLiu
24、 Bei entrusted Zhu Geliangwith his child5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyonZhuge Liangs wisdom of Huarongdao,Guan Yunchangs interpretation of Cao CaoSecluded and beautiful canyon History of humanities Literature and art Literature and art derived from the aforementioned spe
25、cial cultural blend zone,folk custom,military,etcThree Gorges of the Yangtze River:Three Gorges boat songPoetry:Li,Du,BaiThe Shunan Bamboo Sea Grand Canyon:“Thirty-Six Strategies”5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyonThirty-Six Strategies:stone carving calligraphy paintingSecl
26、uded and beautiful canyonFrom the bottom to the top of the Colorado Grand Canyon in the United States,there are layers of rocks from the Cambrian to the Cenozoic,with clear layers,different colors,and representative fossils of various geological ages,also known as the living geological history textb
27、ook.Geoscience History Book Natural profiles record the history of biological evolution,geological deposition,and crustal movement5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyonSecluded and beautiful canyonThe Grand Canyon：Trail of timethe Grand Canyon Secluded and beautiful canyon Eco
28、tourism Canyon tourism is one of the utilization culture of the canyon Ecotourism is an emerging creative canyon tourism product 1)High air negative ion concentration 2)Rich beneficial essence of beneficial plants 3)Low air bacteria5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyon Ecotou
29、rism Black Valley,Chongqing5.Appreciation of Canyon cultureSecluded and beautiful canyonOne of the ten most beautiful canyons in China:the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon“The Last Secret Realm of Mankind”Aesthetic features:majestic,deep,moist,quiet,long,precipitous,low,peculiar,beautifulSecluded and bea
30、utiful canyonThe length(504.6km)exceeds that of the Grand Canyon of Colorado(the depth of 1800 meters and the length of 440 kilometers)which was once claimed to be the worlds largest.The depth(6009 meters at the deepest point)exceeds that of the Cordoba Grand Canyon in Peru(the depth of about 3200 m
31、eters),once known as the worlds largest.The longest and deepest Grand Canyon in the worldSecluded and beautiful canyonHigh:On both sides of the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon,toweringNanying Bawa Peak(7782 meters high)and Gala Bailei Peak(7294meters above sea level),their peaks are strong ascending fau
32、lts,towering and upright Straight into the cloud,straight down to thebottom of the canyon.The glaciers hang over the peaks and the cloudslinger.The weather changes greatly.南迎巴瓦峰Secluded and beautiful canyonMajestic:Overlooking the Grand Canyon from the air,in the mountains of the Eastern Himalayas.T
33、he Yarlung Zangbo River cut out a steep canyon,crossing the high mountain barrier,and making a strange big bend around Nanjiabawa Peak.Infused into the Indian Ocean,its magnificence is unparalleled.Secluded and beautiful canyonDeep:The deepest part of the YalubobuCanyon between Nanga Bawa Peak and R
34、ile Peak reaches 6009 meters,and the average depth of the core river section around Nanga BawaBallast is also about 5000 meters.Secluded and beautiful canyonHumid:This canyon is the largest water vapor channel on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Affected by the warm and humid air currents in the Indian Oce
35、an,the annual precipitation in the southern section is as high as 4000 mm.Therefore,the entire canyon area is extremely humid,and the water vapor is covered with dense forest.This has also formed the grandest canyon in the world with the most abundant biodiversity resources.Secluded and beautiful ca
36、nyonQuiet:The Yarlung ZangboGrand Canyon has dense forests,steep terrain,inconvenient transportation,sparse population,and many sections of the river are not populated at all.Coupled with the cloud cover of the Grand Canyon,it is mysterious,so the environment is particularly quiet.This is also unmat
37、ched by the above three grand canyons。Secluded and beautiful canyonDangerous:Many of the river sections of the Yarlung Zangbo GrandCanyon stand on both sides of the rock wall,making it impossible forpeople to pass through.Secluded and beautiful canyonLow:It refers to Pasighat at the lowest point of
38、the YarlungZangbo Grand Canyon,and the sea level is only 155 meters.Secluded and beautiful canyon(1)The most peculiar horseshoe bend in the world.(2)The peculiarity of the landscape.(3)The Grand Canyon with unique water vapor channel function in the world has created a peculiar forest ecosystem landscape on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Secluded and beautiful canyonBeautiful:The peaks and ridges on both sides of the bank appear and disappear,and the walls of the peaks are green.Secluded and beautiful canyonThanksThanks！