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1、Unit 15The Riddle of TimeBackgroundThis article begins with a discussion of the definition of time,but it mainly deals with the historical development of human beings timekeeping.Zit also touches upon the body clock of human beings.Obviously it is not meant to be a serious scientific treaties.Theref
2、ore we can call it popular science.Words and ExpressionsnvariablenSth.that can be different in different situations like temperature,pressure,etc.nCf.to vary,variation,variety,various,variable,variant,invariablyWords and Expressionsn“is said to do/to have done/to be doing,etc.”ne.g.He was said to ha
3、ve discovered the secret of the pendulum.nHe was said to be sitting in a church Words and ExpressionsndailynCf.Todays Peoples Daily carried an important editorial.(“daily”used as a noun)nTraffic accidents are virtually daily occurrences.(“daily”used as an adjective)nThe milk is delivered daily early
4、 in the morning.(“daily”used as an adverb)Words and Expressionsndevicen(formal)a piece of equipment,especially sth.used to measure or protect other things.In spoken English,people use“thing”.Words and Expressions spy:to suddenly see,especially after seeking for itnCf.to see,to spy,to detect,to spot,
5、to discover,to find,to noticeWords and Expressionsnregardless of:nwithout being affected by,e.g.We all have the right to vote regardless of our,sex,race,education financial status,religion or politicsnThe government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials regardless oftheir positions.Words
6、 and Expressionsn“nano-”:na combining form meaning“one billionth of”used to form compound words nCf:nanometer 钠米(十亿分之一米);nanotechnology 纳米技术Words and Expressionsnbe compressed:n to be pressed to take up less spacenCf:oppress.depress,impress,repress,suppressWords and Expressionsntrace sth.to:nto find
7、 the origin of sth.;to find where sth.came from,e.g.nTheir conflict can be traced to several thousand years ago.Words and Expressionsntake on a meaning:nto begin to acquire or have a meaning e.g.nMany human inventions are internalized in the same way and have taken on meanings of their own.The image
8、 of God for example.Many people seem to be unaware that the picture and the statue of God we both done by humans with their own hands.Words and ExpressionsnThe use of necklaces can be traced to the primitive society when a woman captive was dragged into a room by a ring round the neck by her captor
9、to be forced to marry the man.Words and Expressionsnsleep disorders:nillnesses affecting sleepnCf:mental disorder,stomach disorder,skin disorder,eating disordernDiscussion:Whats the meaning of life?nWatch the Spanish movie and think it overThe Sea InsideMar Adentro and EuthanasiaI think that living
10、is a right,not an obligation.thinklivingrightaIisnotthatobligationanI think that living is a right,not an obligation.nWhat kind of person said it?nWhat were they thinking?nWhat do they mean?nMar Adentro(The Sea Inside)is based on a true story.When he was 26 years old,Spanish fisherman Ramon Sampedro
11、 misjudged the depth of water he was diving into and broke his neck.For the next 29 years,he lived the life of a quadriplegic he was paralysed below the neck.However,he still had a voice and a mind,which he used to fight for his right to die.Many people were against him religious leaders,conservativ
12、e activists and even his own brother and sister-in-law,who took care of him for all that time.nRamon could not kill himself on his own,he needed others to help him.But Spanish law made it illegal for anyone to do this.In the late 1990s,as Ramons case made its way through the Spanish courts,he became
13、 a national and international celebrity.But it was after his death that the controversy exploded,especially when his open letter to the legal,political,and religious authorities in Spain was made public.The film is about his relationship with two women:Julia,a lawyer who supports his cause,and Rosa,
14、a local woman who wants to convince him that his life is worth living.nTaking your own life is nDoctors have a responsibility to nAssisting someone else to commit suicide isnIf a person is terminally ill then nA life without dignity Euthanasia-some termsnThe word Euthanasia comes from the Greek lang
15、uage:eu means good and thanatos means death.Like so many moral/ethical/religious terms,euthanasia“has many meanings.Here are some related terms.nPassive Euthanasia:Helping a person die by changing some form of support and letting nature take its course.For example:nRemoving life support equipmentnSt
16、opping medical procedures,medications etc.,ornStopping food and waternNot giving CPR(cardio-pulmonary resuscitation)and allowing a person,whose heart has stopped,to die.nPerhaps the most common form of passive euthanasia is to give a patient large doses of morphine to control pain,even though this m
17、ay cause a patients death.Administering such medication is regarded as ethical in most political jurisdictions and by most medical societies.nThese procedures are performed on terminally ill,suffering persons so that natural death will occur sooner.It is also done on persons with massive brain damag
18、e who are in a coma from which they cannot possibly regain consciousness.nActive Euthanasia:This involves taking the life of a person through a direct action,in response to a request from that person.For example,injecting a patient with a substance that will kill him/her quickly.nPhysician Assisted
19、Suicide:A physician supplies information and/or the means of committing suicide(e.g.a prescription for lethal dose of sleeping pills,or a supply of carbon monoxide gas)to a person,so that they can easily terminate their own life.nInvoluntary Euthanasia:This term is used by some to describe the killi
20、ng of a person who has not explicitly requested help in dying.This is most often done to patients who are in a coma and will probably never recover consciousness.Illness/medical problemTreatmentDyingIllness/medical problemnheart has stoppednterminally illnsuffering personsnmassive brain damagenin a
21、comancannot regain consciousnessnnever recover consciousness Treatmentnlife support equipmentnmedical proceduresnmedicationsnCPRndoses of morphinencontrol painnprocedures arenperformedninjecting a patientnprescriptionDyingndeathnto diencause deathntaking the life of a personnto killncommitting suicidenlethal dosenterminate their own lifendyingnHow did it end?nHow did you feel about that?