《高三下册英语材料必修五知识点2021.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高三下册英语材料必修五知识点2021.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、高三下册英语材料必修五知识点2021高三下册英语必修五知识点1linkAtoB将A和B连接起来referto1)提及,指的是e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?参考;查阅;询问e.g.Ifyoudontunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.关系到;关乎e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.refe
2、rence:n.参考e.g.referencebooks参考书toonessurprise(prep)“toones+名词”表“令某人”常见的名词有“delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitforsale.ToJohnsgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully“find+宾语+宾补(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介词短语;不定式)”e
3、.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.Youllfindhimeasytogetalongwith.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.getsthdone=havesthdone使某事被做.get+n.+doingYoullgethertoagree.Illgetthecargoing.getdone:用于意想不到、突然或
4、偶然发生,意为“被.”e.g.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.10.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;破除e.g.Itisnoteasyforhimtobreakawayfrombadhabits.Themanbrokeawayfromhisguards.breakdown(会谈)破裂,失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控e.g.Hiscarbrokedownonthewaytoworkthismorning.Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.Hebroked
5、ownandweptwhenheheardthenews.breakoff中断,折断breakinto闯入breakout爆发;发生breakup驱散;分散,拆散11.aswellas不仅而且;既又e.g.Heisateacheraswellasawriter.Thechildrenaswellastheirfatherwereseenplayingfootballinthestreet.12.convenience:n.方便;便利e.g.Weboughtthishouseforitsconvenience.convenient:adj.13.attraction:吸引;引力(不可数n.)吸引
6、人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数n.)e.g.attractionofgravitation重力Hecantresisttheattractionoftheseaonahotday.Abigcityoffersmanyandvariedattractions.Whataretheprincipleattractionsthisevening?attract:v.14.influence1)v.对产生影响e.g.Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?2)可数n.产生影响的人或事e.g.Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesint
7、heschool.3)(不可数n.)影响e.g.Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.高三下册英语必修五知识点2impressionn.印痕;印记;印象;感想常用结构:haveanimpressionofsth./doingsth.对(做)某事有印象makeanimpressiononsb.给某人留下印象makenoimpressionon对无影响/效果givesb.afavorableimpression给某人留下好印象animpressionofonesfoot某人的脚印Yourperformancegavemeastrongimpression.你
8、的表演给我留下了很深的印象。WhatIsaidmadenoimpressiononhim.我的话对他不起作用。联想拓展impressv.留下印象impresssth.on/upononesmind把牢记在心上lackv.&n.缺乏;缺少的东西注意:lack作名词时,后常接of。lack作动词时,既可作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,作不及物动词时,后常接for或in。lack不用于被动语态。常用结构:lacksth.缺少某物lackforsth.缺少;需要for/throughlackof.因缺乏nolackof.不缺乏a/thelackof的缺乏Hedidntgotherebecausehel
9、ackedcourage.他没去那里,因为他缺乏勇气。Theplantdiedforlackofwater.植物因缺水而死。Theylackedfornothing.他们无所需求。联想拓展lackingadj.匮乏的;不足的;没有的belackingin缺乏(品质、特点等)sightn.视力;视觉;看见;光景,奇观;名胜常用结构:losesightof看不见;忘记;失去catchsightofsth./sb.看见某物/人atfirstsight初看之下;乍看起来at(the)sightof一看见就outofsight看不见beinsight看得见,在眼前Outofsight,outofmind
10、.眼不见,心不烦。LastsummerwehadseenthesightsofBeijing.去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。Crusoewasfrightenedatthesightofamansfootprint.克鲁索看到一行人的脚印,他非常害怕。requirevt.需要;要求;命令常用结构:requirethat+主语+(should)+动词原形需要某人做某事requiresb.todosth.命令某人做某事requiresth.(ofsb.)要求(某人)某事Iwilldoeverythingthatisrequiredofme.凡是要求我的事,我都会办到。Thesituationreq
11、uiresthatI(should)bethere.形势需要我去那里。温馨提示require后接宾语从句时,宾语从句必须用shoulddo的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。另外,表示“需要”,且是物作主语时,后接动词?ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义,可以等于不定式被动形式;在这一点上,need和want用法相同。Thehouserequiresmending.Thehouserequirestobemended.房屋需要维修。Allcarsrequireservicingregularly.所有汽车都需要定期检修。Theyrequiredhimtokeepitasecret.他们要求他对
12、这事保密。assistvt.&vi.帮助;援助;参与;出席常用结构:assistsb.in/withsth.帮助(某人)某事assistsb.indoingsth.帮助(某人)做某事assistsb.todosth.帮助(某人)做某事assistwith帮助(照料,做);在上给予帮助Iamwillingtoassistyouwheneverthereisanopportunity.有机会我愿随时帮你。ImafraidIcantassistyou,youhavetogoandseethemanager.我恐怕帮不上忙,你得去找经理。Theheadmasterassistswithalotofth
13、ingswhenfree.有空时校长会帮忙做很多事。高三下册英语必修五知识点3分词的概念分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,主要起形容词和副词的作用,可以作定语、表语或是状语等。分词有两种,一种是现在分词,一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同,主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大特征。过去分词的定语和表语功能定语表“完成”或“被动”boiledwater开水fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳selectedapples精选苹果spokenEnglish英语口语icedbeer冰镇啤酒cookedfood熟食friedchips炸土
14、豆条单个的过去分词作定语时,一般放在被修饰词语之前(如上例),也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。Hurryup,thereisonlyalittletimeleft.快点,时间不多了。Ifyouwisheverythingchanged,pleasesayso.你如果希望改变一切,请说明。过去分词短语作定语时,须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后,功能相当于一个定语从句。Nearthewindow,thereisabookshelffilledwithmanybooks(=whichisfilledwithmanybooks).靠近窗户,有一个装满书的书架。Herdaughter,broughtupbyme
15、(=whowasbroughtupbyme)hasbeguntoworknow.由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语,表示主语的状态或思想感情等。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体。分词作表语表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示被动的动作。Myglassesarebroken.我的眼镜碎了。(状态)Myglasseswerebrokenbymyson.我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(动作)Ontheearth,70%ofthesurfaceiscoveredwithwater.地球表面70%是被水覆盖的。(状态)Iwasgreatlysurprisedbyaknockatthedoor.敲门声使我大为吃惊。