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1、中考复习中考复习介词介词介词一般用在名词、名词词组或者相当于名词介词一般用在名词、名词词组或者相当于名词词组的结构前，构成介词短语。词组的结构前，构成介词短语。介词短语可以在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾介词短语可以在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。语补足语。一、介词的功能一、介词的功能The boy over there is Johns brother.The girl will be back in two hours.Our English teacher is from Australia.He left his pen on the desk at home.定语定语状语状语表语表
2、语宾语补足语宾语补足语二、介词的分类二、介词的分类1.表示时间的介词表示时间的介词2.表示地点的介词表示地点的介词3.位移介词位移介词4.其他介词其他介词at,in,on,after,before,during,over,from,for,since,until,by etc.in,on,to,over,above,between,blow,under,etc.as/like(表比较表比较),for(表原因或目的表原因或目的),to/with/without(表结果表结果),by/in/with(表手段或方式表手段或方式),of/with(表所属表所属),except(表除去表除去),abou
3、t/on(表关于表关于)past,across,through,etc.时间介词辨析时间介词辨析1(in,on,at)at:钟点钟点,饭时饭时,正午正午/午夜午夜,年龄年龄,节日节日 at six oclock,at lunchtime,at noon,at the age of 15 at Christmas 但但 on Christmas Dayon:1)星期几星期几,具体日期具体日期,具体某一天的某个时候具体某一天的某个时候 on Sunday,on 10th November,on Saturday morning on the evening of May 1st on a cold
4、 winter dayin:1)一天当中的某个时候一天当中的某个时候,月，季，年月，季，年 in the morning,in June,in Autumn,in 1990三、易混淆的介词三、易混淆的介词1.I often get up early _ the morning,but _ Sunday morning,I get up late.2.My father likes telling us something about his work _ supper.inonat时间介词辨析时间介词辨析2(since,for,from,by)后接过去的后接过去的时间点时间点，主句用，主句用完
5、成时完成时后接后接时间段时间段，主句用，主句用完成时完成时说明动作说明动作开始的时间开始的时间，1.I have been interested in making model plane _ the age of eight.2.We have learnt 3000 words _ the end of this term.3.He started work _ eight oclock.4.He has worked _ eight hours.sincefromfor后接时间后接时间点点，跟过去的时间点则用一般，跟过去的时间点则用一般过去时，跟将来的时间点用一般将来时，过去时，跟将来的
6、时间点用一般将来时，by now 用现在完成时，用现在完成时，since,for,from,byby时间介词辨析时间介词辨析3(fromto,between and.,not until,during)fromto，从从到到 between and.，在在和和之间之间not until，直到直到才才during，跟跟一段时间一段时间，在在期间期间1.He didnt see his uncle _ 7:45 last night.2.He was doing his lessons _ 7 and 9 last night.3.There is a cartoon programme _ 6:
7、30 to 7:00 in the evening.4._ the past years,he has worked hard at English.untilbetweenfromDuring1.He came back _ half an hour.2.Lucy will go out _ half an hour.3.They will visit her _ Friday.4.Our teacher will be back three months _.5.Frank,when will the short meeting begin?-You should come _ 2:30.
8、If you come 10 minutes _ that time,the meeting will be over.时间介词辨析时间介词辨析4(in,after,later)afterinafterlaterin+一段时间一段时间（用于（用于一般将来时一般将来时）after+一段时间一段时间（用于（用于一般过去时一般过去时）after+点时间点时间（常用于（常用于一般将来时一般将来时）一段时间一段时间+later atafter1.Li Lei lives two floors _ Dick.2.Eddie jumped _ the chair just now.3.The radio s
9、ays the weather will fall _ zero.4.The old man sat _ the big tree to have a rest.地点介词辨析地点介词辨析(over,above,below,under)above,在在上面上面(楼层楼层),反义词反义词belowover,在在垂直上方，垂直上方，(桥桥)正上方正上方,反义词反义词underaboveoverbelowunder位移介词位移介词(across,through,past)across 从表面穿过从表面穿过 through 从内部穿过从内部穿过past 经过经过,路过路过1.Its rather a t
10、ough hike to walk _ the desert within 3 days.2.Look!There is a train going _ the tunnel quickly.3.She went _the post office on her way home.4.People along the streets were all cheering when the Olympic torch passed _ the city.acrossthroughpastthroughgo/walk across=crossgo/walk past=pass1.When he pas
11、t the building,he saw a lot of smoke from the building.2.Dont across the roads when the lights are red.改错past passedDont across Dont cross其他介词其他介词(except,including,beyond)except 除除.之外之外,其余都其余都including 包含包含 包括包括 beyond 超越超越 1.The book includes 40 stories,_ the story of Xi Wang.2.Mr.Lin gave the text
12、book to all the students _ ones who had already taken them.3.Sorry,Madam.Youd better come tomorrow because its _ visiting hours.includingexceptbeyond1.You can improve English _ reading more.2.He wrote the letter _ a pen.3.He talked to his father _ the phone.4.They talked _ a loud voice.5.You must sa
13、y that _ English.in+材料、声音、语言材料、声音、语言 with+工具、器官工具、器官 by+方法、手段方法、手段 on/over+媒介媒介withbyinon/overin表示表示“用用”的介词的介词(in,with,by,on,over)1.for buy sth.for sb.provide sth.for sb.use for doingWhat for?for a long timebe good/bad forIts+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.四、常用介词的搭配四、常用介词的搭配look for 寻找寻找thanks for 感谢感谢ask f
14、or 请求请求pay for 付款付款wait for 等待等待leave for 动身去动身去be used for 被用来做被用来做be late for 迟到迟到be/get ready for 为为作好准备作好准备 be famous for 因因而有名而有名 be happy/satisfied/pleased with 对满意对满意 be filled with=be full of 装满装满 be strict with sb.对严格要求对严格要求 be charged with 被指控被指控 be angry with 生某人的气生某人的气 be attacked with 被
15、袭击被袭击 agree/disagree with sb.不同意不同意 get on/along with 与某人相处融洽与某人相处融洽 with a smile on ones face 面带微笑面带微笑play with 和和玩玩make friends with 和和交友交友 do/deal with 处理，对付处理，对付2.with3.byby spacecraft 乘乘(交通工具交通工具)by the sea 在在 附近附近 by developing plants 借助借助/通通过方式方式 work is done by robots.被被(被被动语态)By the year 21
16、00,在在来来临之之际/前前by the end of 到到为止止 be afraid of（怕）（怕）be away from（不在某地）（不在某地）be different from（与（与不同）不同）be good at（善于）（善于）be interested in（对（对感兴趣）感兴趣）be worried about（为（为感到担忧）感到担忧）另：另：devoteto look forward to pay attention to 五、其他易考的与介词相关词组五、其他易考的与介词相关词组注意：此处的to 是介词六、易错点：1.After you _ home,do your ho
17、mework first.A.get to B.arrive in C.arrive at D.get到达到达:get to/arrive in+小地点小地点arrive at+大地点大地点/reach但但home,here,there 是副词是副词 介词省略介词省略2.My coat is made _ cotton.Wine is made _ rice.offrombe made of 材料可看出材料可看出 be made from.材料看不出来材料看不出来3.Its generous _ you to donate a lot of money _ Project Hope.A.for
18、,to B.of,to C.of,for D.of,to4.I think _ necessary _ us to listen to the teacher carefully.A.that,of B.it,of C.that,for D.it,forIts adj.of sb.to do adj.是描述是描述人的性格和品质人的性格和品质 Its adj.for sb.to do adj.描述所做描述所做事情的事情的好坏等好坏等性质性质5.-What do you often do _ classes to relax yourself?-Listen to music.A.over B.a
19、mong C.between D.in6.In the UK,smoking kills about 114,000 people each year.300 people die every day because of smoking and _ them many are young smokers.A.among B.between C.from D.inamong,三者三者(及三者以上及三者以上)之间之间between,两者之间两者之间7.Shanghai lies _ the east of China and _ the northeast of Guangdong.8.Shan
20、dong lies _ the southeast of Heibei Province.intoonin,范围之内；范围之内；on,接壤；接壤；to,范围之外范围之外9.We will have a party _ next week.next,last,this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,one,every,all,the day before yesterday,the day after,tomorrow 前不用介词前不用介词1.He can improve his spoken English by _(read)a lot.2.I got up late th
21、is morning.I came to school without _(have)breakfast.3.The boy is crazy about _(play)computer games.4.They are fond of _(listen)to music.readinghavingplayinglistening介词介词+V-ing1.Marie Curie,the first woman to win the Nobel Prize,was born _ November,1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland.(10 南京南京)A.at
22、B.on C.in D.to2.Scientists say it may be a few years _ it possible to test the new medicine on patients.(10无锡无锡)A.because B.after C.before D.since3.Many students didnt realize the importance of study _ they left school.(10盐城盐城)A.when B.until C.as D.after4.Kids _(低于低于)5 years old cant play with this kind of toy.(10常州常州)点击中考点击中考 介词专项介词专项under