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1、非谓语动词小结（二）ing形式济宁市育才中学ing形式形式动词语态形式 及物动词make 不及物动词go主动语态 被动语态主动语态一般式makingbeingmadegoing完成式havingmadehavingbeenmade havinggone注意：not要永远放在ing前面育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！-ing形式的基本用法（1）作主语：Seeingisbelieving.Talkingiseasierthandoing.Beingpraisedisagreatpleasure.Hisbeinglateagainmade
2、theteacherangry.ing作主语时，同不定句式作主语一样吗，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：Itisntmuchgoodwritingtothemagain.Itsnousewaitinghere.育才中学1.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？-_hernewbicycle.（1997上海）A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing2._themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.Thepresidentwillatt
3、endB.ThepresidenttoattendC.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresidentsattending育才中学练一练练一练3.-Lucydoesntseemtobewhatshewas.-No_somuchinthewarhasmadehermorethoughtful.ASeenBHerseeingCHavingseenDTohaveseen育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！（2）作表语：Herjobiswashingandcooking.Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.W
4、hatworriedthechildmostwas_tovisithismotherinthehospital（1998上海）AhisnotallowingBhisnotbeingallowedChisbeingnotallowedDhavingnotbeenallowed解析：答案B。动名词复合结构的否定式应把否定词not放在物主代词之后、动名词之前。child和allow之间为动宾关系，所以就用其被动式。育才中学（3）作宾语：作及物动词的宾语。Shelikesdrawingverymuch.；作某些短语动词的宾语。MaryisthinkingofgoingbacktoNewYork.；do
5、+限定词（my,some,any,the等）+-ing，表示“做事”之意，如：WeoftendoourcleaningonSaturdayafternoon.WillyoudoanyshoppingonSaturdaythisafternoon?育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！作介词的宾语：Hersisterisgoodatlearningphysics.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.作形容词worth,busy等的宾语：Thisbookiswellworthreading.in
6、g作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：Wefounditnogoodtalkinglikethat.Doyouthinkitnecessarytryingagain?育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！下列动词要用动名词作宾语下列动词要用动名词作宾语育才中学admit/appreciate/avoid/consider(考虑)/discuss/dislike/deny/delay/enjoy/excuse/escape/fancy/finish/forgive/imagine/keep/keep
7、on/mind/miss/mention/practise/prevent/postpone/put off/pardon/report/risk/resist/suggest/understand 例句赏析：Fancyhavingafoollikethatforahusband!试想找这么一个傻瓜做丈夫!Betweenastonishmentandjoyshecouldnthelpburstingintotears.她惊喜交集禁不住放声大哭起来。育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！to作介词的短语动词be/get/becomeused
8、to习惯于begivento沉溺于berelatedto和有联系beaddictedto沉溺于；对上瘾.beopposedto/objectto反对bedevotedto/devoteoneselfto献身于,爱beadmittedto被录取,准进入bereducedto/reduceto沦为,使沦为.Hewasreducedtobegginginthestreet.他沦为沿街乞。育才中学beattachedto附属于,爱慕,爱恋,敬仰beadjustedto/adjustto/adjustoneselfto适应beadaptedto/adaptoneselfto适应beknownto为所知b
9、emarriedto和结婚besentencedto被判处beconnectedto和连在一起育才中学beexposedto暴露于/遭受/接触becomparedto被比喻成compareto把比成be/become/getaccustomedto/accustomoneselfto惯于,有.习惯.beengagedto和订婚getdownto着手做leadto导致putonesmindto全神贯注于育才中学giveriseto引起givebirthto生育lookforwardto盼望payattentionto注意stickto坚持attendto处理,照料seeto负责contribut
10、eto对做贡献makecontributionsto对做贡献applyoneselfto致力于育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！comecloseto几乎,将近replyto回答addto增加addupto加起来turnto转向,求助于feelupto能胜任lookupto向上看,尊敬育才中学admitto承认Headmittedtohavingbrokentheglass.他承认打烂了玻璃。belongto属于taketo喜爱,开始Shehastakentodrinkingrecently.他最近喜欢喝酒。clingto附着/坚持f
11、allto开始Aftersupperwefelltodiscussingpolitics.晚饭后我们开始讨论政治。respondto回答育才中学Hecamecloseto_(kill)intheaccident.Headmittedto_(break)theglass.育才中学being killedhaving brokenTheletterwewerelookingforwardto_yesterday.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.hascome大家还记得下面这道题吗？入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！1.Ifyouthi
12、nkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.(2006湖南卷)A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting2.Isntittimeyougotdownto_thepapers?(2006n重庆卷)A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking育才中学练一练练一练入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！3.Theparentssuggested_inthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxiou
13、stocampoutduringthetrip.(2006上海卷)A.sleepB.tosleepC.sleepingD.havingslept4.Afterhebecameconscious,heremembered_and_ontheheadwithsrod.(2006江西卷)A.toattack;hitB.tobeattacked;tobehitC.attacking;behitD.havingbeenattacked;hit育才中学5.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(2007全
14、国II)A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose6.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_.(2007陕西卷)A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair育才中学7.Icantstand_withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;
15、stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop8.Johnwasdoingfine.Everyoneregretted_outofschoolatsuchanearlyage.A.himtodropB.hisdroppingC.ittodrophimD.todrophim育才中学“我无法忍受和简在同一个办公室工作，她在工作的时候总是不停地说话。”9.Thereisastoryhereinthepaperabouta110-year-oldman.Mygoodness!Icantimagine_thatold.(2006江苏)A.
16、tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.havingbeen育才中学在报纸上有个关于一位110岁老人的故事。天哪！我简直不能想像活到那么大年龄。入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！10.Ireallyappreciate_torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.（2001年上海高考试题）AtohavehadtimeBhavingtimeCtohavetimeDtohavingtime11.The_boywaslastseen_neartheEastLake.（2000年上海高考试题）Amissing;playin
17、gBmissing;playCmissed;playedDmissed;play育才中学12.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_totheparty（2000上海）AhavingnotbeeninvitedBnothavinginvitedChavingnotinvitedDnothavingbeeninvited13ShelikesbutshedoesntlikethisafternoonShedlikesomeotherdayAswimming；swimming；toswimBtoswim；swimming；toswimCswim；toswim；swimmingDswimming
18、；toswim；toswim育才中学14HowaboutthetwoofusawalkdownthegardenAtotakeBtakeCtakingDtobetaking15ThepupilaskedtheteacherhowmuchtimehespentviolineverydayAtopractisetoplaytheBpractisingplayingtheCtopractisetoplayDpractisingtoplay育才中学16Shewasluckyenoughbythecar.AmissingbeinghitBtomisshittingCmissingtobehitDtomi
19、ssbeinghit17WewereluckythatwejustescapedtherainAbeingcaughtinBtobecaughtinCcatchingDtocatch育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！18.Haveyouforgotten_$1000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember_ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringing19.Articles(物品
20、)usedbypatientsmustbedisinfected(消毒)before_others.A.usingB.beingusedbyC.usedbyD.beingusing育才中学20.MrReadmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetupB。devote.to+n./V-ing形式是固定结构。hehad是定语从句。育才中学21.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_.A.thethiefhavingca
21、ughtB.B.catchthethiefC.C.thethiefbeingcaughtD.D.thethieftobecaught（4）作定语：asleepingcarasleepingchild注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行或经常性习惯性的，反之，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：ThegirlwhowrotealetterthereyesterdaycanspeakEnglishverywell.育才中学请注意以下区别：
22、分词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系；动名词作定语时只表示用途、场所等意义；表示被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的用法：done表示已经完成的动作tobedone表示尚未开始的动作beingdone表示正在进行之中的动作育才中学1.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor_Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.“A.readB.readsC.toreadD.readingD。reading在这里意为内容是，上面写着。限制性定语。相当于whichreads.。育才中学2.Theflowers_sweetinthebotani
23、cgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.（04上海）A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt3.Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe_murderlastnight.（04江苏）A.advisedB.attendedC.attemptedD.admitted练一练练一练未未遂遂的的4.Thepicture_onthewallispaintedbymynephew.(00北京春季)A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangs D.beinghung5.Itseems
24、thatIoncemetwiththeman_us.A.servedB.beingservedC.tohaveservedD.serving育才中学6.Theoldman_hasbeenillformonths.A.tooperateonB.operateonC.operatedD.beingoperatedon7.Lastyearwehadadrought_80days.A.lastedB.lastingC.tolastD.beinglasted7.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_.A.20dollarsremainedB.2
25、0dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars育才中学8.IfIcorrectsomeone,Iwilldoitwithasmuchgoodhumorandself-restraintasifIweretheone_.A.tocorrectB.correctingC.havingcorrectedD.beingcorrected育才中学如果我要纠正别人的错误，我会尽量设身处地的诙谐和委婉的说明。入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！（5）作宾语补足语：Wecanseesteamris
26、ingfromthewetclothes.注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等。育才中学1.Enteringtheroom,IfoundMary_atthedeskand_aletter.A.seating;writingB.seated;writingC.seated;wroteD.sitting;written2.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.
27、A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting育才中学练一练练一练入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！3.Whydoyoustandandwatchthemilk_.A.boilingB.boiledC.fromboilingD.havingbeenboiled4.Walkingalongtheriver,weheardsomeone_forhelp.A.shoutingB.shoutC.shoutedD.havingshouted育才中学5.Whydoyouhavethewater_allthetime?A.runB.t
28、oberunningC.runningD.beingrunning6.Johnlefthiscoat_onthesofa.A.layingB.lyingC.laidD.lain7.Whydoyoustandandwatchthemilk_over?-Oh,sorry.Iwasthinkingof_tothezoo.A.boiling;takenB.boiled;takingC.boiled;beingtakenD.boiling;beingtaken育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！8.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfi
29、redifheisfound_inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked育才中学（6）作状语：1.表伴随Cantyouread?Marysaidangrilypointingtothenotice.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.Travelingbyjeep,wevisitedanumberofcities.Followingtheguide,theystartedtoclimb.育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资
30、料！2.表原因Havingeatentoomuch,hecouldntgotosleep.Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldntgetintouchwithher.Beingsopoorinthosedays,wecouldntaffordtosendtheboytohospital.Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.育才中学3.表结果Hisparentswerekilledintheaccident,l
31、eavinghimanorphan.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.再比较：Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchcold.Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofindthatitwasSunday.育才中学4.表时间Whencrossingtheroad,pleasebecareful.Dontmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.OnarrivinginLondon,hemanagedtogetintouchwithher.5.表条件Workingha
32、rd,youllgetagoodachievement.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothesite.6.表让步Workingsohard,hefailedagain.育才中学使用时要注意（以do为例）：1）doing表示的必须是主语发出的动作；2）doing表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的；3）havingdone表示的是主语发出的动作，且早于主句的动作；4）havingbeendone与主语之间构成被动关系，且早于主句的动作；5）一般不用beingdone作状语；6）有时可以由while，when,once,alt
33、hough,until,if,unless等连词引导。育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！附：with结构面面观所谓“with结构”，也称为with独立主格结构，是指“with/without+宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构。其中，宾语一般由名词或代词充当，而宾语补足语则具体的需要由形容词、副词、介词短语、分词短语（现在分词和过去分词）及不及物动词短语等充当。常见的with结构主要有下列几种情形(仅以with为例）：育才中学1.with+名词（代词）+形容词Imtosleepingwiththewindowopen.我习惯于开着窗户睡觉。2
34、.with+名词（代词）+副词Thestreetlooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson.所有的灯都亮着，街道上看起来更加漂亮。3.with+名词（代词）+介词短语Hewassleepingwithhisheadonhisarm.育才中学4.with+名词（代词）+过去分词（强调宾语是动作的承受者或动作已经完成）Hesattherewithhiseyesfixedonme.Withtheproblemsolved,wehavemoreconfidence.Withhimtakencareof，wefeltquiterelieved.5.with+名词（代词）+i
35、ngWefoundtheplaceveryeasilywiththeboyleadingtheway.Canyouseethehugeboxwithalonghandleattachingtoit?育才中学试比较：Withmyhomeworkdone,IbegantowatchTV.我作业做好了，就开始看电视。Withmybikebeingrepaired,Icangonowhere.我自行车在修，哪儿也去不了。育才中学6.with+名词（代词）+不定式短语（表示该动作的将来含义或尚未完成）Icantdooutwithallthesedishestowash.我不能出去，因为所有这些碟子都要洗
36、。Intheafternoon,withnothingtodo,Iwentonaroundofthebookstore.由于下午无事可做，我到书店转了转。7.with+名词（代词）+名词Shediedwithhersonyetachild.她去世的时候，儿子还是个孩子。育才中学8.句法省略【省略特征】with独立主格结构中的省略主要是指在“with+n+介词短语”结构中的省略，其特点是省去with及介词短语中的名词修饰词，也就是：“n+介词+n”。Sherantothehero,withflowersinherhand.Sherantothehero,flowersinhand.Shecame
37、in,withabookinherhand.Shecamein,bookinhand.育才中学使用独立主格结构要注意一下几点使用独立主格结构要注意一下几点1.当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。如：Afterclasswasover(=Classbeingover/Classover),thestudentssoonlefttheclassroom.下课后，学生很快离开了课室。育才中学入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！2.在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being（或havingbe
38、en）不能省略：(1)独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：ItbeingSunday,wewenttochurch.因为是星期天，我们去了做礼拜。(2)在Therebeing名词的结构中。如：Therebeingnobus,wehadtogohomeonfoot.因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行家。育才中学3.独立主格结构没有所有格形式。如：Thechief-editorarriving,webeganthemeeting.主编来了，我们开始开会。比较动名词复合结构：Thechief-editorsarrivingmadeusverysurprised.育才中学5.独立主格结构作时间或原因状语
39、时，可用完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如：Thelistenershavingtakentheirseats,theconcertbegan.听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。Tomhavingbeenlateoverandover,hisbosswasverydisappointed.由于汤姆一再迟到，他的老板非常失望。育才中学1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight_alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.ThevisitingMinisterexpre
40、ssedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added育才中学练一练练一练入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！3.Cantyouread?Marysaid_tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing4.Autumn_on,theleavesonthetreesbeganfalling.A.
41、comingB.comeC.comesD.wascoming育才中学5.InpartsofAsiayoumustnotsitwithyourfeet_atanotherperson.A.pointedB.pointingC.pointsD.tobepointing6.Withhisson_,theoldmanfeltunhappy.A.tobedisappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.todisappoint育才中学7.Beforehewentabroadhespentasmuchtimeashe_English.A.couldlearni
42、ngB.learnedC.tolearnD.couldlearn育才中学spendtime(in)doing.是常用句型。hecould是定语从句。8.“WhereisDavid?”“Heisupstairs_readytogoout.”A.toget B.gettingC.tobegettingD.havinggot入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！9.Sheiswritingalettertoafriendofhers,_himtotheparty.A.HavinginvitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited1
43、0._allmyletters,Ihadadrinkandwentout.A.FinishedB.HavingfinishedC.FinishingD.Tofinish11._Sunday,thestudentsareathome.A.BeingB.TobeC.ItisD.Itbeing12._severaltimes,theyoungscientiststillkeptonmakinghisexperiments.A.HavingbeenfailedB.HavingfailedC.ThoughfailedD.Becauseoffailure13.Whilebuildingatunnelthr
44、oughthemountain,_.A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredunderground.D.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake14.Findinghercarstolen,_.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp15.
45、Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.A.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrived16._hiskey,hecouldntentertheroom.A.HavingbeenlostB.HehadlostC.HavinglostD.Losing17.Hisfatherwhowasamillionairedied,_himalotofmoney.A.havingleavingB.leavingC.toleaveD.left18.Though_money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimto
46、university.A.lacked B.lackingofC.lacking D.lackedin19.There_nofreshdrinkingwaterandnogoodfarmland,itwasnotacomfortableplaceinwhichtolive.A)beB)wasC)wereD)being育才中学20.Somanydirectors_,theboardmeetinghadtobeputoff.A)wereabsentB)beenabsentC)hadbeenabsentD)beingabsent21.AftertheArabstateswonindependence
47、,greatemphasiswaslaidonexpandingeducation,withgirlsaswellboys_togotoschool.A.tobeencouragedB.beenencouragedC.beingencouragedD.beencouraged育才中学22._,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.(CET-41997,6)A)OtherthingsbeingequalB)Wereotherthingsequ
48、alC)TobeequaltootherthingsD)Otherthingstobeequal23.Allthings_,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.A)consideredB)consideringC)beconsideredD)havingconsidered育才中学24.Thiscrophassimilarqualitiestothepreviousone,_bothwind-resistantandadaptedtothesametypeofsoil.AbeingB)beenC)tobeD)havingbeen25.Alltheexampa
49、pers_,theteachersenttheclasshome.A.havingbeenhandedinB.havinghandsinC.handinginD.beinghandedin育才中学1)有些分词(短语)可用来表示说话人的态度，看问题的角度，或者对所叙述的情况进行解释，它们便成了句子的独立成分，其逻辑主语也就不再是句子的主语。【例如】Strictlyspeaking,nobodyisallowedinhere.严格地讲，谁也不允许在这儿。(speaking的逻辑主语并不是nobody)Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromtheSouth.从他的口音判断
50、，他一定是南方人。(这句中不是he在“判断”)育才中学小贴士入高中高考英语群：入高中高考英语群：4980299，享优质教辅资料！，享优质教辅资料！Takingallthingsintoconsideration,hisworkisasuccessfulone.全面考虑起来，他的工作还是很成功的。试比较Takenasawhole,thereisnothingwiththebook.总的来说，这本书没有问题。Generallyspeaking,newspapersfollowtheAmericanway,butconferencereportsandschoolbooksusetheBritish