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1、八年级下册重点语法和短语八年级下册重点语法和短语vUnit 1 Will people have robots?重点语法：一般将来时态的应用do/does的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will)dodo/does的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will)bedone一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.否定句例句：People(willnot/wont)haverobotsinafewyears.一般疑问句例句：Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears?特殊疑问句例句：Whatwi
2、llpeoplehaveinafewyears?重点短语vwont=willnottheyll=theywillshell=shewillhell=hewillIll=Iwillfallinlovewith(sb./sth.)爱上（某人/某物）beabletodosth.能够做某事cometrue实现inthefuture未来hundredsof数以百计的thousandsof数以千计的lookfor(sb./sth.)寻找（某人/某物）willwould情态动词will的原形和过去式maymight情态动词may的原形和过去式阅读方法vReadingStrategy()Lookattheti
3、tleandpicture,andpredictwhatyouwillreadabout.(看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)Thishelpsyougetreadytoacquirenewinformation.(这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)Unit 2 What should I do?v重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）do/does的过去将来时态形式：(should/would)dodo/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would)bedone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Youshouldwritealettert
4、ohim.否定句例句：Youshouldntwritealettertohim.一般疑问句例句：ShouldIwritealettertohim?特殊疑问句例句：WhatshouldIdo?重点短语：keepsb.out不让某人进入Whatswrong?=Whatsthematter?=Whatstheproblem?怎么了？voutofstyle不时髦的；过时的callsb.up给某人打电话payforsth.为某事付款part-timejob兼职工作thesameas=besame(to/with)与同样instyle时髦的；流行的getonwellwithsb.=getalongwell
5、withsb.与某人相处（好）didnt=didnotcouldnt=couldnotas.aspossible尽可能(eg/assoonaspossible尽快)allkindsof各种；许多vontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面asksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.请求某人不要做某事spend(money)onsth.=spend(money)indoingsth.花钱做某事sth.costsb.(money)某人花钱为了某事takesb.sometimetodosth.花某人时间做某事find
6、out查明findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事beangrywithsb.生某人的气beangryatsth.生某事的气thesameageas=asoldas与某人年龄一样havefightwithsb.与某人打架vlearntodosth.学会做某事not.until.直到才comparesth.(A)withsth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较itstimeforsth.=itstimetodosth.到该做某事的时间了maybeadv.或许maybe（情态动词+动词原形）可能是shallshould情态动词shall的原形和过去式paypaidpaid动词pay的原形
7、、过去式和过去分词阅读方法vReadingStrategy()Youwilllearntousenewwordsbetterifyouusealearnersdictionary.(时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)Abilingualdictionarysometimesgivesthewrongmeaningforthesituationyouwant.(在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?v重点语法：过去进行时态do/does的过去进行时态形式：(
8、was/were)doingdo/does的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were)beingdone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.否定句例句：IwasntwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.一般疑问句例句：WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?特殊疑问句例句：WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?v动词when和while的选择：when后加瞬间动词，while后加延续性动词。例句：T
9、heboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.感叹句结构：(1)How+adj.+the+主语+谓语动词=(2)What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语动词例句：Whatabeautifulfloweritis!=Howbeautifulthefloweris!Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!=Howbeautifultheflowersare!重点短语vgetout出去；离开takeoff起飞runaway逃跑；跑掉c
10、omein进来hearabout=hearof听说takeplace发生as.as像一样(eg/asoldashim像他一样老)anywhere=everywhere=hereandthere任何地方thinkabout考虑vthinkof认为getup=getoutofthebed起床atthedoctors在诊所everyday每一天everydayadj.日常的mostadj.大部分themost最多的inspace在太空中nationalhero民族英雄allovertheworld=intheworld全世界阅读方法vReadingStrategy()Thetitlecanbehel
11、pfulforyoutounderstandatext.(一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)Itsalsoagoodideatoreadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphbeforeyouread.(在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.v重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语从句(主语+谓语动词+宾语/表语)例句：-ImgoodatEnglish.Hesays.(改为加宾语从句的复合句)-HesaysImgoodatEnglish.注意：主句是一般现在时态，宾语
12、从句的时态不受其影响。例句：HesaysImgoodatEnglishnow.HesaysIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoung.主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句：HesaidIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoungyesterday.HesaidIwasgoodatEnglishnowyesterday.v宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。例句：Ourteachersays24hoursmakeaday.Ourteachersaidthesungivesussomanyenergyyesterday.动词原形不能作主
13、语，必须用其-ing形式。例句：Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.重点短语：directspeech直接引语重点短语vdirectspeech直接引语reportedspeech=indirectspeech间接引语firstofall=atfirst首先passon传递besupposedtodosth.应该做某事begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好ingoodhealth身体健康getover克服openup打开carefor=takecareof=lookafter照料；照顾notanymore=notanylonger=nolonger不
14、再vhaveacold感冒end-of-yearexam年终考试getnervous变得紧张forgettodosth.忘记做某事（该事未做）forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事（该事已做）its+adj.+forsb.+todosth.做某事对某人来说（加形容词）context上下文阅读方法vReadingStrategy()Firstreadformeaning,notfordetail.(首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。)Youcanunderstandthemeaningofawordyoudontknowfromthecontext.(至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下
15、文来寻找它的正确释义。)Unit 5 If you go to the party,youll have a great time!v重点语法：if引导的条件状语从句结构：主句+if+条件状语从句if+条件状语从句+(comma)+主句注意：在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句：Youllhaveagreattimeifyougototheparty.=Ifyougototheparty,youllhaveagreattime.重点短语vtakeaway拿走aroundtheworld=allovertheworld在世界各地makealiving谋生al
16、lthetime=always一直Whatstheproblem?=Whatsthematter?=Whatswrong?怎么了？inordertodosth.为了做某事makesb.dosth.使得某人做某事（to省略，该结构是一个不带to的不定式。）makesb.adj.使得某人（加形容词）makesb.done使得某人被做befamousfor为而出名befamousas作为而出名inclass在课堂上vspend.(time/money)onsth.=spend.(time/money)indoingsth.花（时间/钱）用于做某事seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）seesb.doingsth.看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）saysaidsaid动词say的原形、过去式和过去分词telltoldtold动词tell的原形、过去式和过去分词eatateeaten动词eat的原形、过去式和过去分词speakspokespoken动词speak的原形、过去式和过去分词