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1、高三英语专题复习高三英语专题复习完形填空（二）完形填空（二）祁东育贤中学高三年级备课组祁东育贤中学高三年级备课组 学前演练学前演练(2010 湖南卷湖南卷)nParentsarebusypeople.Iftheyareworking,theyareusuallynotathome48.theirchildrenreturnfromschool.Sometimesitisnecessaryforaparenttowrite49.after-schoolnotefortheirchildren.Theysometimesputthenoteonthekitchentable,therefriger
2、ator,50.anotherplacewheretheirchildrenaresuretofindit.Anoteisoftena51.wayto“talk”withachildthanusingthetelephone.Foronething,parentshavetimetothinkabout52.theywanttosaybeforetheywrite.n53.another,thenotelistsalltheinformationinoneplace.Itiseasytoreadagainandagain.Peopleoftenforgetallthedetailsthat54
3、.hearinatelephonecall.Finally,cellphonescanbeturned55.ortelephonecallsnotanswered.Forthesereasons,after-schoolnotesareverypopularwithparents.When/after anorbetter whatFortheyoff解题步骤n1.通读全文，把握语篇n2.先易后难，尝试填空n3.利用语境，推敲语义n4.复读全文，确认答案n2010年完形填空二考查内容情况一览表年完形填空二考查内容情况一览表考点 连词介词冠词形容词代词副词题号 48,5053495152,545
4、5总数 211121透视2010年高考试题，我们可归纳出以下几大特点：n1.考查语境，侧重运用。n2.题材多样，语篇完整。n3.虚词为主，实词为辅。解题策略解题策略从词义、词性、词形三方面入手。n策略一策略一 判断所填单词的语义判断所填单词的语义n即由句意判断词的意义，确定单词的含义。主要通过定义，对比，因果，联想，上下文等线索确定词义，关键是找准句段间的逻辑关系和主要信息。nA.理清内在联系，把握逻辑关系理清内在联系，把握逻辑关系n例1：Sheisusually,buttodayshetoldalie.n技巧总结：。通常句中含有表示对比关系的连词或副词，短语等，如however,but,on
5、thecontrary,ontheotherhand,or等。n例2：Themuseumwassothatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.n技巧总结：。通过找准句子间存在的因果关系，来判断词义。n例3：OnedaymotherlookedatNicksshoesandsaidNick,lookatyourshoes.Howntheyare!Youmustcleanthem.n技巧总结：。在填空处的上下文中，有时能根据上下文中某些关键单词或词组，推断出所填词语的含义。honest对比法对比法big/large 因果法因果法dirty 语
6、境线索法语境线索法nB.熟悉语法知识，了解语法功能熟悉语法知识，了解语法功能n常考的语法项目有：冠词、代词、介词、情态动词、形容词、副词及其比较等级、常考的语法项目有：冠词、代词、介词、情态动词、形容词、副词及其比较等级、并列连词、定语从句引导词、状语从句引导词、名词性从句引导词、强调句型、并列连词、定语从句引导词、状语从句引导词、名词性从句引导词、强调句型、形式主（宾）语等内容。形式主（宾）语等内容。n例4：Ithinkimpossibleforyoutoreachtheairportontime.n例5:Thepolicemandiscoveredtheevidencehemurdered
7、hiswife.n例6:Oneoftheboyskeptlaughing,annoyedJane.n例7：Iwouldliketobuyahouse.Ipreferwithagarden.nC.熟记习语句式，以求触景生熟记习语句式，以求触景生“情情”，触类旁通，触类旁通n例8：Anincreaseinthepriceofdrugshascontributedtherisingcostofmedicalcare.n例9：Anestistoabirdahouseistoaman.itthatwhichonetowhat策略二策略二 判断词性判断词性n根据句子结构和功能，判断是用形容词，还是副词；用
8、动词还是名词等。如修饰名词，前面通常用形容词或名词；修饰动词和整个句子，通常用副词；作谓语通常用动词；作主语或宾语通常用名词，代词；连系动词后面常用形容词不用副词等。n例10：Helooked_atthechildren.n例11：Helooked_atthenewsontheradio.angrilyangry策略三策略三 判断词形判断词形n要注意单词的词形变化。英语和汉语最大的不同在于英语有词形变化。词形变化主要涉及到动词、代词、形容词、副词和名词等。所以当确定所填的词是名词时，就要考虑是可数还是不可数名词，是单数还是复数。形容词要看是用原级，还是比较级、最高级。如果填的是动词更加要小心。
9、首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。谓语动词就要考虑时态和语态、语气等。非谓语动词则要考虑是用现在分词、过去分词还是不定式形式，同时也要考虑时态和语态问题。代词则要考虑用主格还是宾格等。n例12：ChinaisthanJapaninsize.bigger/larger 实例演练实例演练nHaveyoueverheardthephrase“playtheostrich(鸵鸟)?”Whatdoesthisphrasemean?SinceRomantimes,ostricheshavebeensaidtobesostupid48theyreacttodangerbyburyingtheirheads
10、inthesand.Thisbeliefcausedthepopularphrasetobeborn:playtheostrich.Itisoftenusedtodescribepeople49refusetofacepainfulfacts.Theyprefertoignorethetruth.Itislikechildrenstickingtheirfingersintheirearsandcrying:“Icanthearyou!”Butdoostriches50burytheirheadsinthesandwhentheyareindanger?Theanswerisnotforsur
11、e!51ostrichesareflightlessbirds,theycanrunasfastas40milesperhour.So,iftheyfind52indanger,theywilljustrunveryfast.nItsafalsemyththatwehavethoughtofas53truthforlong.So,howdidthephrase“playtheostrich”comefrom?Well,54fact,ostrichesswallowsandandpebbles（鹅卵石）tohelpgrindup（磨碎）intheirstomachs.Thismeansthatt
12、heyhavetobenddownandputtheirheadsintothesandtocollectthepebbles.See?Thats55afalsemythisborn!thatwho/thatreallyThough/Althoughthemselvesainhow 课堂操练课堂操练n AnLivingaLow-carbonLifestylenCarbondioxide(CO2)isagasthatisnecessaryforlife.Plantsuse48toproducetheoxygenwebreathe.Unfortunately,inmodernlifeweprodu
13、cemorecarbondioxide49plantscanuse.That“extra”CO2doesntjustdisappear;itstaysintheEarthsatmosphere50agreenhousegasandisbelievedtocauseglobalwarming.nAlotofthat“extra”carbondioxideisproduced51burningfossilfuels.Weusethesefossilfuels(gasandcoal)toproduce52energyweneed:gasforcars,coalforelectricity.Asthe
14、worldbecomesmoreprosperous,thereismoredemandforenergy.People53areconcernedabouttheenvironmentthinkweshouldbeusing54energy.Yourgrandparentsknowaboutlivingalow-carbonlifestyle.Theygrewupinasimplertime55alow-carbonlifestylewasjustanaturalwayoflife.Letthembeyourlow-carbonrolemodels.n BnLetsgettoknowmore
15、aboutCalvinandHobbes凯文和跳跳虎fromalittlestoryoftheboyandhistiger.nCalvinandHobbeswas48popularcomicstrip（连环漫画）writtenbyBillWatterson.Billgotboredwithhisjob49begandevotinghissparetimetodrawingcartoons,histruelove.In1985,hiscomicstrip,CalvinandHobbes,came50.Thestripsoonbecamepopular.Peoplefellinlove51thel
16、ittlestoriesofCalvin,a6-year-oldboy,and52stuffedtiger(填充玩具老虎),Hobbes.nThethemesofthestripdeal53CalvinsfriendshipwithHobbes,hismisadventures,hisuniqueviewsonavarietyofproblems,andhisrelationshipswithpeopleinhislife,54hisparents.nCalvinandHobbesraninover2,400newspapers.Almost23millionCalvinandHobbesbo
17、okshavebeenprinted.55thestripendedin1995,itremainsthemostpopularandbelovedcomicstripofalltime.n CnYoucantbuyatickettoHopenhagen.Youarealreadythere!Yousee,Hopenhagenisntaplace;itsanideaandamovement48everyoneintheworldisinvitedtojoin.nHopenhagenbeganlastyear.49Copenhagenclimatechangeconferencewasbeing
18、plannedandtheUnitedNationswantedeveryoneintheworldtofeelthat50wereapartoftheconference.TheUNaskedinternationaladvertisingagenciestohelp.Theagenciescameup51theideaof“Hopenhagen.”Thetitleisaplay52wordsofthehostcitysname:peopledontjusthaveto“cope”(thefirstfourlettersofCopenhagen!)53climatechange;theyca
19、n“hope”that54willbedonetosolvetheproblem.nClimatechangeishappeningtoallofus.55issomethingthatunitesus.Hopenhagenhopestousethatcommonpurposetoinfluencetheworldsleaderstomaketherightdecisionsabouttheworldsclimate.n DnOurlifeisbecomingmorecomfortableandpleasant.Wecaneatasmuchofourfavoritefood48welike.W
20、eneedntsufferinthesummerheatbecauseoftheinventionoftheair-conditioners.Distancewillneverstand49thewayofourcommunicationsthankstoinstantcommunicationtoolslikecellphonesandcomputers.n50,werealsopayingahighpriceforthosebenefits.Ourdiets,51arerichinsweetandfat,causeobesityanddiseases.Ourroomsarecoolerin
21、summer,52theopenairishotterandmorepolluted.Thetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsisdecreasinggreatlybecauseweremoredevotedtokillingtimewith53cyberpals.nSo,oldconcernsgoaway,butnewworriesflockin.Forthisissue,myproposalis:livecontentedly.Livingcontentedlydoesntmeanlivingin54primitivecave.Instead,ittell
22、sustomoveonintherightdirectionslowlyandsteadily.Itremindsusofourresponsibilitytoprotectourenvironment.Itmeansweshouldcherishwhatwehaveandenjoy55weredoingnow.n EnMostofusenjoywatchingfilms,whetheratthecinemaorathomeonDVD.Filmscancertainlybeentertaining,butwhatcanwelearn48them?nIfyouarestudyingaforeig
23、nlanguageandculture,thereisno49thatfilmsandmusicaretwoexcellentwaystobecomebetteracquaintedwithaparticularcountryorregion.Theyalsogive50up-to-dateclassoncurrentlanguageusageandtrackchangingtrendsineverydayspeech.Thisis,perhaps,themostvaluableaspectoffilms,fromtheculturalperspective.Bywatchingfilmsfr
24、omdifferenttimes,51ispossibletogetaglimpseofjusthowlanguage,morespecifically,spokenlanguage,haschangedthroughtheyears.Watchingcurrentfilmscanbeagreatmethodoflearningnewexpressions52mightotherwisebeimpossibletolearn.Also,acting53dialoguefromfilmsisanothergoodwaytorememberexpressionsandpatternsofspeec
25、h.AskyourEnglishteachertosetupthiskindof“karaoke”Englishclass!nFilmsalsogiveaninsightintootherculturalareassuchasfashionandhumour.Filmscanperhapsbestbeseenasagatewayintoanewculture,butshouldnotbeaccepted54question.So,watch,learnandenjoy,55keepanopenmind.参考信息参考信息n一些能体现语境变化和逻辑关系的关联词语：n表示转折关系的词：but,or,
26、however,while,otherwise,instead,nonthecontrary,ontheotherhand；n表示因果关系的词：thus,therefore,so，asaresult；n表示并列关系的词：and,then,too,also,either,notonlybutalso；n表示表示递进关系的词:besides,also,whatsmore,further,even；n表示选择关系的词：or,eitheror等。n部分常考的习语和惯用法：asamatteroffact,bytheway,insteadof,inthedirection,nonthefarm,nodou
27、bt,nowonder,noway,nmakeonesliving,keeponesword,makeuponesmind,nbeproudof,comefrom,congratulateon,devoteto,ntotellyourethetruth,franklyspeakingn部分常考的句型搭配：so/suchthat,Itisforsbtodosth,Thereisnodoubtthat,nsbhasnodifficulty/troubleindoingsth,nThereisnosense/pointindoingsth,nbeabouttodosthwhen,AistoBwhatCistoD