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1、 v-ing形式的用法之一形式的用法之一 -（主语、宾语、表语、宾补）（主语、宾语、表语、宾补）一、学习要点一、学习要点:（1）学习）学习v-ing形式的用法形式的用法 （2）v-ing形式的用法的综合运用形式的用法的综合运用二、重点难点二、重点难点:（1）分析语境恰当使用）分析语境恰当使用v-ing形式的形式的 用法；用法；（2）v-ing形式的各种形式的用法形式的各种形式的用法三、学习思路与学法指导。三、学习思路与学法指导。动词动词的的-inging形式在句子中可作除形式在句子中可作除谓语谓语之外的之外的所有句子成分，包括主所有句子成分，包括主语语，宾语宾语，表，表语语，定，定语语，状状语
2、语和和补语补语。它。它还还有有时态时态和和语态语态的的变变化。（以化。（以dodo为为例）例）语态时态 主动形式被动形式一般式完成式 注意：其否定形式在注意：其否定形式在doing _doing _加上加上_being donebeing donehaving been donehaving been done前前notdoinghaving done例：1、The little girl likes _(take)to the park by her parents.2._(finish)his homework,he went to play games.being takenHaving
3、 finished【注意注意】1.v-ing用主用主动动式式还还是被是被动动式，关式，关键键是看是看v-ing与与逻逻辑辑主主语语之之间间的关系，主的关系，主动动关系用关系用_式，被式，被动动关系用关系用_式。式。主动形主动形被动形被动形2.2.v-ingv-ing 用用一一般般时时态态还还是是完完成成时时态态，关关键键是是看看v-v-inging与与谓谓语语动动词词的的时时间间关关系系。如如果果v-ingv-ing的的动动作作是是与与谓谓语语动动作作同同时时发发生生，则则用用_ _ 时时态态；如如果果表表示示v-ing的的动动作作发发生生在在句句子子谓谓语语动动作作之之前前，则则用用_时态时
4、态。例：（1）He hurried home,_(look)behind as he went.（2）The large house _(build)at the foot of the hill will be a museum.（3）_(fail)many times,he didnt lose heart.一般一般完成完成looking being builtHaving failed（4）_(show)the labs,we were taken to see the library.（5）Excuse me for _(not call)you back yesterday.3.v-
5、ing 形式一般式的被动式形式一般式的被动式(being done)在在介词后作宾语时，无介词后作宾语时，无_意义，只有意义，只有_ 意义。意义。例：例：She is afraid of _(take)to the public.Having been showed not having called进行进行被动被动being taken划出下面句子的主划出下面句子的主语语1.Dreaming for things,however,costs nothing.2.Using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming(注注)1.
6、做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性 的动作。的动作。如：如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.2.单个的单个的V-ing形式或短语在句中作主语时，谓语形式或短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词用动词用_形式。形式。3.V-ing形式做主语时，也可以用形式做主语时，也可以用_作形式主语作形式主语。如：如：Its a pleasure working with you.单数单数it一一.做主语的用法做主语的用法请列出用请列出用it 作形式主语的常见句型：作形式主语的常见句型：1.It
7、is useless/worthwhile/no good/no use/no sense doing sth.2.Its a waste of time/money doing 二、作动词宾语或介词宾语的用法二、作动词宾语或介词宾语的用法划出下面句子的宾语划出下面句子的宾语1.,he enjoys listening to music2.He also doesnt care about being famous.3.I regret not having taken her advice.1.只用只用V-ing作宾语的动词和短语作宾语的动词和短语(1)请根据下面的口诀写出这些动词：请根据下
8、面的口诀写出这些动词：考虑建议盼原谅，考虑建议盼原谅，承承认认推推迟迟没得想没得想否否认认完成停欣完成停欣赏赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒不准冒险险凭想象。凭想象。consider,advise,suggest,admit,put off,delay,fancydeny,finish,enjoy,appreciatecant help,mind,allow,permit escapeforbid,risk,imaginelook forward to,excuse【特特别别提醒提醒】allow,advise,forbid,permit后后直直接接跟跟v-ingv-ing作作宾宾语语
9、:allow/advise/forbid/permit doing sth.如果有名如果有名词词或代或代词词作作宾语宾语，则则构成构成:allowadviseforbidpermit 名名词词代代词词_”_”。例例：(1)We dont allow _(smoke)here(2)We dont allow anybody _(smoke)here to dosmokingto smoke2.请列出请列出to 用作介词的短语用作介词的短语【这些短语后如接这些短语后如接动词则用动词则用v-ing】：get used to.,devote oneself to,look forward to,pay
10、 attention to,get down to,lead to.stick to.go on doing 继续继续做原来做的事做原来做的事go on to do 接着做另一件事接着做另一件事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do 停下来（停下来（别别的事）开始的事）开始 做某事做某事3.后接后接V-ing 和和to do 作宾语意义不同的动词作宾语意义不同的动词 请写出下列短语所表达的意义：请写出下列短语所表达的意义：try doing 试试着做某事着做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事 remember to do 记记得去做得去做 remember
11、doing 记记得做得做过过forget to do 忘忘记记要做某事要做某事forget doing 忘忘记记做做过过regret to do 后悔去做后悔去做regret doing 后悔做后悔做过过某事某事be used to doing 习惯习惯于做某事于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事被用来做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事mean to do想要做某事想要做某事mean doing意味着要做某事意味着要做某事4.动词need,require,want表示“_”时，作宾语的动词-i
12、ng形式用主动形式表示_,相当于不定式的_ 形式。例：The question needs _(discuss)=The question needs to _(discuss)需要需要被动被动to be donediscussing be discussed三、三、v-ing形式作表语形式作表语v-ing形式作表语时放在形式作表语时放在be动词或连系动词之后动词或连系动词之后,用来说明主语的用来说明主语的内容、特征、性质或状态内容、特征、性质或状态等。等。（1）表示）表示主语的内容主语的内容时，主语与表语的位置时，主语与表语的位置可可以互换以互换Our task is cleaning th
13、e classroom.=Cleaning the classroom is our task.（2）表示主语具有的）表示主语具有的特征特征时，主语与表语的位时，主语与表语的位置置不互换不互换 The problem is very puzzling.（此时的（此时的v-ing相当于相当于adj,意思是令人意思是令人.）四、四、v-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语v-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语,一般与其前面的一般与其前面的_存在逻辑上的存在逻辑上的_关系，表示该关系，表示该动作正在进行，或说明宾语具有某种特点。动作正在进行，或说明宾语具有某种特点。例：例：I found a
14、bag lying on the ground.能用能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1）感官动词）感官动词,常见的有常见的有see,observe,watch,hear,feel,smell,find,notice等。等。I felt somebody patting me.Can you smell anything burning?I didnt notice him waiting.宾语宾语主谓主谓2)使役动词使役动词,常见的有常见的有 have,make,keep,get,leave等。等。The farmer had the horse workin
15、g all night.Im sorry to keep you waiting.They should not leave the boy standing in the sun.【特别提醒特别提醒】not have doing 表表_例：例：I wont have you running about the room.3)with+宾语宾语+v-ing(宾补宾补)We went to the mountain with the boy leading the way.不允许不允许做做1.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my ca
16、r.A.repairing B.repair C.to repair D.repairedExcersice2.Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month?Will you please remember _ it tomorrow?A.borrowing;to bring B.to borrow;bring C.borrowed;bringing D.borrowing;bringing3.The classroom wants _.A.clean B.cleaned C.to clean D.cleaning4.We should often
17、practise _ English with each other.A.to speak B.spoke C.speak D.speaking5.His parents insist on_ to college.A.he should go B.he go C.his going D.him to go6.The story was so funny that we _.A.couldnt help laugh B.cant but laugh C.couldnt help laughing D.couldnt help but to laugh7.Though it sounds a b
18、it too dear(昂昂贵贵),it is worth _.A.being bought B.buying C.to buy D.buying it8.He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory.A.study B.be studied C.studying D.have studied9.We are both looking forward to _ next week.A.going on vocation(休假休假)B.go on vocation C.be going on vocation D.have gone on vocation
19、10.You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun.A.read B.reading C.reader D.be read11.Mike has got used _ up late at night.A.to sit B.sit C.to sitting D.sitting12.Once the heart stops _,death 12.Once the heart stops _,death follows at once.follows at once.A.beating B.to beat A.beating B.to beat C
20、.being beaten D.to be beatingC.being beaten D.to be beating13.We are now busy _ for the 13.We are now busy _ for the examination.examination.A.to prepare B.preparing A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.being preparedC.prepared D.being prepared14.I remembered _ this person somewhere before.A.seeing
21、 B.having been seen C.seen D.to see15.When we watched the national flag _ in the Olympic Games on TV,we raised a cheer.A.rise B.being risen C.raised D.being raised 二、用所给词的正确形式填空二、用所给词的正确形式填空1.Though I have often heard this song _（sing）,I have never heard you _（sing）it.2.It was so cold that they kept
22、 the fire _（burn）all night.3.He looked around and caught a man _（put）his hand into the pocket of a passenger.4.I found the party rather _.（bore）.But Tom felt quite _(interest)about it.5.Dont leave the water_（run）while you brush your teeth.6.The missing boy was last seen _(play)near the East Lake.sun
23、gsingburning puttingboringinterestedrunningplaying 7.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _（smoke）in the kitchen.8.I can hardly imagine Peter _(sail)across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.9.When we got back from the cinema,we found the lamp_(burn)but the door _(shut).10.The result of the
24、test was rather _(disappoint).But Jack was _(satisfy)with it.11.Sitting by her side,I could feel her heart _(beat).smokingsailingburningshutdisappointingsatisfiedbeating12.-Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry.With so much work _(fill)my mind,I almost break down.13._ (throw)the
25、ir hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.14.I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.15.While shopping people sometimes cant help _(persuade)into buying something they dont really need.fillingThrowingwork
26、ingstoppingbeing persuaded16.I appreciated _(give)the chance to study abroad two years ago.17.The court hears about 120 cases a year,visitors are welcome to see a case _(argue).18.Tony was very unhappy for _(not invite)to the party.19.When he got home at midnight,he was _(surprise)to find his mother _(lie)on the floor.20.I wont have you _(shout)at me that way!being givenbeing arguednot having been invitedsurprisedlyingshouting