人教版初中英语8年级上册知识点总结27页.docx

上传人:太** 文档编号:67129228 上传时间:2022-12-23 格式:DOCX 页数:45 大小:80.32KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
人教版初中英语8年级上册知识点总结27页.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共45页
人教版初中英语8年级上册知识点总结27页.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共45页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《人教版初中英语8年级上册知识点总结27页.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《人教版初中英语8年级上册知识点总结27页.docx(45页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用 法。动词不规则过去式有:isamwas 是 are - were 是 gowent 去 buy一bought 买taketook 拿走, dodoes一did feed一fed 喂 seesaw 看见 eatate 吃 havehashad 有,吃feelfelt 感觉 riderode 骑 getgot 至达,得至tj cancould 能, 会 forgetforgot

2、忘I己 drinkdrank 喝 findfound 找至U2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:somebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere (疑问副词)不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的 some、 any、 every、 no 及右边的 body、 one、 thing 构成 不定代词, some any、every no及右边的疑问副词where构成不定 副词;(2) 一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以13. (P13, 2b, 3 段)go online 上网(P13, 2b, 3 段)the answer to+名词:的答案 the answer to

3、 the question这个问题的答案14. (P13, 2b, 4 段)the most popular 最受欢迎的although(虽然)不能及but连用,但可以及yet , still连用。Although it is dark , they are still working.虽然天黑了,但他 们仍在工作。Although he is old , he is quite strong.他虽然年龄大了,但身体 很健壮。15. (P13, 2b, 5 段 1 行)the (best) way to do sth:做某事的(最好) 方式The best way to learn Engli

4、sh is speaking English.学习英语的 最好方法是说英语.16. (P13,2b, 5段2行)such as比如(后跟名词或名词短语)for example 例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits, such as apples, bananas and so on.他喜欢水果,例 如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English, for example , he often listens to tapes.他有许多好的方法学习英语,例如,他经常听磁带。17. (P13, 2b, 5 段 4 行)old habits d

5、ie hard 积习难改。18. (P15, 3a)more than (二over)超过,多余go to the dentist去看牙医Unit 3 r m more outgoing than my sister.本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。本单元的语法:学习形容词比较级。(语法:见课本第H3页至H5 页)本单元出现的形容词和副词的比较级有:longlonger (长的),tall一taller (高的)fastfaster (更快),funnyfunnier (更有趣)friendlyfriendlier (更友好),early一earlier (更早),lazy一la

6、zier(更懒惰),high一higher (更高),hard一harder (更努力),quiet一quieter (更 安静,更内向),smart一smarter (更聪明)loud louder (更响亮),goodwell-better (更好)manymuchmore (更多),popularmore popular (更受欢迎)loudlymore loudly (更响亮)outgoing-more outgoing (更外向/更开朗),hard-working一more hard-working (更 努力)clearlymore clearly (更清楚)serious一mor

7、e serious (更 严肃)形容词和副词的比较级讲解:1 .比较级表示两个人或物的比较。所用的句型为“比较级+than(比 更),若than前后所使用的的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词,后面的动词或助动词可以省略。注意比较的对象必须性质相 同。I am taller than my brother.我比我的弟弟高。He is more outgoing than me.他比我夕卜向。2 .比较级前,可以用much (更,多得多),a lot (更,多得 多),even (更,多得多),a little(稍微)来表示程度。I ama little thinner than my si

8、ster.我比我的妹妹稍微瘦。She is muchnore beautiful than her sister.她比她的妹妹更漂亮。本单元的短语和知识点:1. (P17,图片)play+the + 乐器 play the drums 打鼓比较play +球类play basketball打篮球bothand两者都(后面的动词用复数形式)Both Tom and Jim are students.汤姆和吉姆都是学生。2. (P18, 2d) the singing competition 歌咏比赛 the most important最重要的(P20, la) be good at+名词、代词

9、V ing:擅长,在某方面做得好 He is good atjnath.他擅长数学(math 为名词)I am good at playing basketball.我擅长打篮球。(play为动词)3. (P20, la) make sb do sth:让某人做某事 He makes me help him. 他让我帮助他。4. (P20, lb) the same as 及相同 His book is the same as my book.他的书及我的书一样。5. (P20, lb) be talented in sth:在某方面有天赋 He is talentedin music.他在音

10、乐方面有天赋。6. (P21, 2b, 1 段 2 行)be like:像The books are like friends. 书像朋友。7. (P21, 2b, 1 段)make friends (with sb):(和某人)交朋友He often makes friends with children.他经常和孩子们交朋友.enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事Tom enjoys reading.汤姆喜欢读书。8. (P21, 2b, 2 段)be different from 及不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟及我不一样。9. (P21

11、,2b, 2 段)help sb to (do) sth:帮助某人做某事常及help sb with sth (在某方面帮助某人)互换He often helps me(to) learn English.他经常帮助我学习英语。二 He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语方面帮助我。help (to) do sth:帮助做某事 He often helps ( to) cook at home.他经常在家帮助做饭。10. (P21, 2b, 3 段)care about 关心My parents often care about my study.我的父

12、母亲经常关心我的学 习.11. (P22,2d)比较级表示最高级常用:比较级+than +the other+可数名词复数 二比较级+than +any other+可数名词单数(用于一范围内一个及余下进行比较)例如:He is the tallest student in our class .(最高级)在我们班他 是最高的学生。= He is taller than any other student in our class.=He is taller than the other students in our class.在我们班, 他比其他的学生高。(在我们班,他及他之外的其他的同

13、学进行比较)shanghai is the biggest city in china.上海是中国最大的城市。12. (P24, 4) be good with sb:及某人相处很好The teacher is good with students,这位老师及学生相处很好。13. (P24, 4) information (n.消息,信息)不可数名词Unit 4 What,s the best movie theater?本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词和副词的最高级。本单元的语法:学习形容词和副词的最高级。1 .形容词和副词的最高级常用于表示三者或三者以上进行比较,后面 可用of或in

14、短语表示比较的范围。He is the tallest in his c或ss. 在他那个班,他是最高的。Tom studies (the) best of the three students.在这三个学生中汤 姆学习最好.形容词和副词的最高级前常常有the(副词的最高级前的the可以省略),例如:He is纺etallest student in our class.在我们班他是最高的学生。(tall为形容词,the不能省)汤姆在他那个学校跑得最快。(fast为副词修饰动词run, the可以省略)Tom runs (the) fastest in his school.2 .比较级也可以

15、表示最高级的含义,见Unit3, 12讲解。本单元出现的形容词和副词的最高级有:good (好)一best, badbadly (坏的)一worst, frest (新鲜的)一frestest, big (大)biggest fast (快的)一一fastest new (新 的)一newest cheap(便宜的)cheapest funny(有趣的)一funniest close (近的)一closest short (矮的)一shortest quiet (安静的, 内向的)quietestexpensive (昂贵的)most expensive, popular (受欢迎的)most

16、 popular, quikcly (快地)一most quikclybeautiful (美丽的)most beautiful,comefortable (舍予月艮的)most comefortablecheaply (便宜地)一most cheaplycarefully (仔细地,细心地)一most carefullyboring(无聊的)most boringexciting(令人兴奋的)most excitinginteresting (令人感兴趣的)一most interesting serious (严肃的, 认真的)一most seriouscreative(有创造力的)一mos

17、t creative,talented(有天赋的)most talented本单元的短语和知识点:1. (P26, 2d,2 行)welcome to+地点:欢迎来到某地 Welcome to our school.欢迎来我校。2. (P27 语法表)What do you think of sth?二How dou you like sth? 你认为.怎么样?What do you think of the book?你认为这本书怎么样? It is boring. 很无聊。3. (P29, 2b,1 段 2 行)watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事(二 see sb do st

18、h )I watched him play basketball yesterday.昨天我看见他打篮球了。4. (P29, 2b,1段3行)比较级别+and+比较级:越来越(若比较级为more+形容词原级,则为:more and more形容词原级)The buildings are taller and taller.楼房越来越高。Our school is getting more and more beautiful.我们的学校正在 变得越来越漂亮。5. (P29, 2b, 1 段末行)around the world 全世界二all over the world, such as 例

19、如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?本单元的话题:谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的 感受。本单元的语法:复习一般现在时。本单元的短语和知识点:1. (P33,图片)What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为怎么样?What do you think of the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样? It is boring.很无聊。2. (P33,图片)(补充)mind doing sth:介意做某事Would you mind opening the door?你介意打开门吗

20、? Of course not. 当然不介意。3. (P33, la) news (不可数名词,消息,信息)a piece of good news 一条好消息(P34, 2b, 2 行)learn (sth) from sb:向某人学习(某物)We is learning English from the teacher.我们正在向这位老师学 习英语。4. (P34, 2c, 1 行)plan to do sth:计划做某事(plan 的过去式 planned, 现在分词planning)He is planning to visit Beijing.他正在计戈ll访问匕京。5. (P34,

21、 2c, 4 行)hope to do sth:希望做某事He hopes to meet the famous singer.他希望及这位著名歌手的见 面。6. (P34, 2d, 2 行)have a discussion (about sth):讨论(某物)They had a discussion about the movie yesterday 昨天他们讨论 了这部电影。7. (P34, 2d,倒数5行)favorite (形容词,最喜爱的)=likebestMy favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜欢的节目是谈话节目。二1 like talk sho

22、ws best.8. (P34, 2d,倒数 2 行)expect to do sth:期待做某事The girl alaways expects to meet her favorite actor. 这个女孩 总是期待及他最喜欢的演员见面。9. (P37, 2b, 1 段 2 行)think of 认为,想起 He often thinks of his teachers.他经常想起他的老师。10. (P37, 2b, 1段倒数2行)in the 1930s:在二十世纪三十年代(1930 年至1939年)in the 2010s:在二H-一世纪 10 年代(2010 年至 2019 年)1

23、1. (P37, 2b, 2段2行)。ne of +可数名词复数:之一(该短语放在 句首做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式) One of the students has an English dictionary.这些学生中一个人有英语字典。12. (P37, 2b, 2 段 3 行)try to do sth:尽力做某事 He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这老人。try doing sth:试着做某事 The boy tried riding a bicycle.这个 孩子试着骑自行车。13. (P37,2b,2段3行)luck (名词,幸运,运气)一luc

24、ky (形容词,幸运 的)-unlucky (形容词,不幸的)(P37, 2b, 2 段 5 行)be ready to do sth 乐意做某事He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。14. (P37, 2b, 2 段 5 行)try one s best (to do sth):尽力(做某 事)He often tries his best to help me.他总是尽力帮助我。15. (P39, 3a,3 行)take one, s place:代替,替换 (take 的过去 式为took)Our English teacher wasn t

25、 at school, Mr. Wang took her place to teach us English.我们英语老师不在学校,王老师代替她教我们 英语。Unit6 Im going to study computer science.本单元的话题:谈论自己将来的计划或打算。本单元的语法:学习一般将来时be going to do sthobe going to +动词原形一一表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常及表 示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语或when引导的时间状语 从句连用。any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不 定代词和不定副词表示

26、否定含义(no one为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has somethingimportant to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用 something, 形容词 important 放后)Did you buy anythingspecial?(一般疑问句用 anything,形容词 special 放后)Did you go anywhereiotenvsting last month?上个月你去令人感兴 趣的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting放后)(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词

27、用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和知识点:1. (P1,图片)go on vacation 去度假 go to the mountains 上山 /进山(Pl, la) stay at home 呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营2. (P2, 2b) study for tests为考试而学习、备考 go out出去(P2, 2d) quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few friends.

28、他有不少朋友。take photos 照相 most of the time大部分时间I am going to visit my grandparents this Sunday.这个星期天我 打算去看望我的爷爷奶奶。Are you going to play basketball with me tomorrow?你打算明天 和我一起打篮球吗?What are you going to do when you grow up?你长大了打算干什么? 肯定句:主语 +be going to + 动词原形 + 其他。He is going to take the bus there.他打算乘坐公

29、交车去那里。否定句:主语 + be not going t。+ 动词原形 + 其他I m not going to see my friends this weekend.这个周末我不打 算渴望我的朋友。一般疑问句:Be + 主语 + going t。+ 动词原形 + 其他肯定回答: Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答: No, 主语 + be not.Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes , I am. / No, I m not.特殊疑问句:疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?What

30、 is he going to do this weekend?这个周末他打算干什么? 本单元的短语和知识点:1. (P41, la)词性转换:science (名词,科学)一scientist (名词, 科学家)violin (名词,小提琴)-violinst (名词,小提琴家)piano (名词, 钢琴)- pianist (名词,钢琴家)2. (P41, 1c) grow up 成长,长大(P42, 2d,3行)be good at+名词、代词、动词+ing:擅长(math为名词,speak为动词)He is good at math, but he isn t good at spea

31、king English.他 擅长数学,但是不擅长说英语。3. (P42, 2d,8 行)keep on doing sth:继续做某事He still keeps on learning English.他仍然继续学习英语。4. (P42, 2d, 10 行)be sure about:确信,对有把握His mother isn t sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习没有 把握。5. (P43,语法表格3行)move to +地点:搬(家)到某地He moved to Beijing last year.去年他搬家到北京。6. (P43, 3a, c 行 h 行)t

32、ake singingacting lessons 上歌唱课、上表 演课二have singingacting lessons(P43, 3c, 4 行)send sb sth = send sth to sb 寄、送给某人某 物His grandfather often sends him money.他的爷爷经常给他寄钱。= His grandfather often sends money to him.7. (P44, la) learn to do sth 学会做某事He learned to cook when he was five years old.他五岁学会做饭。8. (P

33、44, la) play the piano 弹钢琴 make the soccer team 组建足球队get good grades取得好的成绩eat healthier food吃更健康 的食品get lots of exercise进行大量锻炼(P44, lb) foreign language 外国语言9. (P44, le) study hard 努力学习 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。10. (P45, 2b, 1 段 3 行)most of the time 大多数时间. (P45, 2b,右上角)the meaning of:

34、的意思/含义He didnt know the meaning of the word.他不知道这个单词的意思。 Can you tell me the meaning of the word TV” ?你能告诉我 TV 这个单词的意思吗?11. (P45, 2b, 1 段)make promises 许诺,get back from+地点: 从回来 He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.三天后他将从北京回来。at the beginning of在开始的时候,write down写下/记下,(P45, 2b, 1段倒数3行)help sb (to)

35、do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人(两个句型常常可以互换)He often helps me (to) study English.他经常帮助我学习英语。=He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语上帮助我。12. (P45, 2b, 2 段 1 行)different kinds of 不同种类的 have to do with关于,及有关系,take up开始从事13. (P45, 2b, 3段1行)although(虽然,即使)在句子中不能及but连 用,但是可以及 yet , still 连用。 Altho

36、ugh he is old , he is quite strong .他虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮。Although it is dark , they are still working .虽然天黑了,但他们仍在工作。14. (P45, 2b, 3 段 2 行)hardly ever 几乎不(P45, 2b, 3段2行)too+形容词+to do sth: 太以至于不能 so+形容词+that+句子: 如止匕 以至于形容词+enough to do sth:足够能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可 以互相转换)He is so young that he can t go to school.他

37、如此年轻以至于不 能去上学。=He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。= He isnz t old enough to go to school.15. (P45, 2b, 3 段 5 行)for this reason 为此(P47, 3a, 2段4行)make sb+形容词:让某人怎么样The good news made us happy.这个好消息让我们非常高兴。(注意:news为不可数名词)(P47, 33, 3 段)how to do better at school 为“疑问词+不定式” 即“疑问词+to do sth”He

38、didn t know when to start.他不知道什么时候开始。16. (P48, self check, 2) go to university 去上大学Unit 7 Will people have robots?本单元的话题:谈论对未来的语言,学习一般将来时win do stho 本单元的语法:学习一般将来时will do stho一般将来时由“助动词will / shall +动词原型”构成,表示将来 某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常及表示将来的时间状语如 tomorrow、next week, in 2 days (2 天之后)等连用。(Shall 用于第 一人称,wi

39、ll可以用于各种人称。)(will not= won, t)例如:We will visit the old man next week,下周我们将要看望这 位老人。She will finish the work in 2 weeks.她将在两周后完成这项工作。 一般疑问句:把肯定句中的will提到句首即可。以上两句的一般疑 问句为:Will you visit the old man next week? Yes, we will. No, we won t .Will she finish the work in 2 weeks? Yes,she will. No, she won t

40、.否定句:把肯定句中的will变为won,t即可。以上两句的否定句为: We won t visit the old man next week. She won, t finish the work in 2 weeks.本单元的短语和知识点:1. (P49,图片)There be 结构:There be (is/are/was/were) + 某物/ 某人+某地/某时“There be结构”的一般现在时:There is/are+某物/某人+某地/ 某时There are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有 600 个学生。一般过去时:There was/w

41、ere+某物/某人+某地/某时There was a school ten years ago. 10 年前这里有所学校。一般将来时:There will be+某物/某人+某地/某时.=There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某时. There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周将有场运 动会。2. (P49, la) on computers 在电脑上,on paper 在纸上(P50, -2a) a few +可数名词复数:有不些、有

42、几个a little +不 可数名词:有一些few +可数名词复数:几乎没有(表示否定)little+不可数名词:几乎没有(表示否定)-many+可数名词复数:号多,许多few的比较级是fewer, little的 比较级是lessmuch+不可数名词:很多,许多manymuch的比较级都是moreThere will be Jesspolution in the future.在未来将会有更少的污染。(polution为不可数名词)We should plant而?retrees.我们应该种更多的树。(tree为可数名 词)There will be fewercorsin the futu

43、re.在未来将会有更少的汽车。 (car为可数名词)3. (P50, 2d) in (great) danger 在(极度)危险中 on the earth 在地 球上save the earth拯救地球(P50, 2d) play a part (in doing sth):参及(做某事)We should play a part in planting trees every year.每年我们应 该参及植树。4. (P51,语法表格2行)in+一段时间:在之后(多用于一般将来时) He will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来。How soonwill he c

44、ome back?多久他将回来?5. (P53, 2b, 1段2行)help with sth在某方面帮忙He often helps with housework at home.他经常在家帮助做家务。6. (P53, 2b, 2 段 1 行)Today there are already robots working in factories.现在有许多机器人正在工厂里工作。句型。There is a cat eating fish.有只猫正在吃鱼。7. (P53, 2b, 3 段 1 行)make sb do sth:让某人做某事My mother often makes me clea

45、n my room.我的妈妈经常让我打扫我 的房间。8. (P53, 2b, 4f 2行)hundreds of+名词:成百上千的,许多 (表示模糊数字)数字+ hundred +名词:几百(表示具体数字)He has hundreds of book.他有彳艮多书。He bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书。9. (P53, 2b, 4 段 7 行)seem to do sth:好像做某事 I seem to know him.我好像认识他。seem (to be)+形容词:好像怎么样 He seems (to be) angry.他好 像生气了。10. (P54

46、, 2d, 4 行)at some point:在某些方面(P55, 3a, 4 行)free time 空闲时间 in one, s free time 在某人空闲时间He often studies English in his free time.他经常在空闲时间学 习英语。Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?本单元的话题:描述做事情的顺序和过程。(First首先,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最后)本单元的语法:复习一般现在时。本单元的短语和知识点:l(P57,1a) turn on 打开turn up 调大turn off

47、 关上turn down 调小Please turn on the lights.请打开灯。My father is sleeping, please turn down the radio.爸爸正在睡觉,请把收音机声音调小。2. (P58, 2ja) How many+可数名词复数:多少 How much+不可数名词:多少He has eight books.他有八本书。-How many books does he have?他有多少本书?How much water does he need?他需要多少水?3. (P58, 2a)量词的用法:不可数名词常用“数字+量词+不可数名词”来表示

48、。如:a piece of bread片面包 比较:twopieces of bread两片面包(bread为不可数名词)a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁one spoon of butter 一勺黄油(P58,2d)说明做某事的顺序为:First首先,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最后(P58, 2d 末行) one more thing = another one thing 基数词+ more +名词=another +基数词+名词:又多少某物He ate an apple, he wanted to eat two more apples.他吃了一个苹 果,还想再吃两个。4. (P59, 3c) Do you know how to plant trees

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 应用文书 > 解决方案

本站为文档C TO C交易模式,本站只提供存储空间、用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,本站只是中间服务平台,本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。本站仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知淘文阁网,我们立即给予删除!客服QQ:136780468 微信:18945177775 电话:18904686070

工信部备案号:黑ICP备15003705号© 2020-2023 www.taowenge.com 淘文阁