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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上归纳整理： 白鹤学校 王厚平动词的结构：助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词+（其它）用法（1）：表示过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如： I have just had my breakfast. (现在我不饿) Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. （到目前为止已完成的动作） 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用，不强调动作的持续.用法（2）：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下
2、去的动作或状态。和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。 如：for+时段或since+过去的时间点，以及 so far,by now, in the last 2years.over the years, all ones life且动词必须是延序性动词(注：短暂性动词不能和一段时间连用，否定句中可以eg: I havent seen you for a long time.) He has been away since last week.=He has been away for one week.注意（1）：I have been living here
3、for 2 years .=I have lived here for 2 years.(动词为延续性动词时)注意（2）:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间. 对划线部分提问都用How long用法（3）： have been (to)，have gone (to)和have been in 的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。 has /have been in 表示“在某地待了
4、好长时间”，是延续性动词。试比较： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿）He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去了北京。（人已走，不在这儿）He has been in Beijing for two days . （从到达北京一直到现在）一般过去时与现在完成时之比较1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与过去具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday
5、, last ，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语。 共同时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately等。 现在完成时的时间状语有：for+, since+, so far, by now,ever, never, just, already, yet, before ,till / until, up to now, in past years,over the years 等不确定的时间状语。请大家认真分析比较下列各例句：
6、1. A：I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。）B： I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） 2A： She has returned from Paris.（她已从巴黎回来了。）B：She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来了。）3 A： He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)B：He joined the League three years ago.( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)结束性动词不能和
7、表示一段时间的时间状语连用, 但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词buy_borrow_come here /go there_become_ catch(get) a cold _ put on_ get to know_begin to do _make friends with sb_2.转换成be+名词join the army _ the Party _3转换成be+形容词或副词die_ close_ open _ finish /end_ begin/start_ leave_fall sleep/ill_go out _ get up_turn on _get
8、married_4.转换成 be+介词短语reach/arrive/get to school be in/at school join the army be in the army 一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句1. 我们买这本书三年了.A:We _the book for three years.B:We _the book three years ago. 2.他感冒三天了.A:He _a cold for three days.B:He_ a cold three days ago.3.自从上星期我借的这本书A:I _the book since last week.B:I
9、 _ the book last week.4.我成为一个学生两年多了.A:I _ a student for over two years.B:I _a student two years ago.5.Mr Black死了三年了。A:Mr Black _for three years.B:Mr Black_ three years ago.6.小名参军半年了。A:_B:_7.下课10分钟了A:_B:_8电影开始了一小时了A:_B:_试用不5种方法译：车已经走了5小时了。1_2._3._4._5._注：含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。She has worked for ten year
10、s.=She began to work ten years ago.=She has worked since ten years ago.=It is ten years since she began to work.=Ten years has passed since she began to work. 一单项选择题：)1.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _?A havent you B have you C do you D dont you)2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ he
11、r parents. A.does B.do C.has Dhave )3. I have watched the game. -When _ you _ it?A have， watched B do ，watch C did ，watch D will ，watch)4. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago.A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live)5. His grandma _ for two years.A died B has been dead C was dead D has d
12、ied)6. Where is Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days.A has gone B has been C goes D had gone)7. How long have you _ the football team of the school?A been on B been at C joined D played)8. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? - Yes, I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have
13、 seen C have, seen D have, saw)9. -Where have you _ these days? - I have _ to Dazhu with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone ).10.A: Ouch ! You are standing on my foot .B:Im sorry ,but I _to A. dont mean B. havent mean C. am not meaning D. didnt mean 二用所给词的正确形式填空：1A lot
14、 of fish _(die),The farmers look very sad .2.You _ (feel) better after you take the medicine.3.She said we _(win ) the game if we could work together .4. Please wake me up if I _ still _ (sheep) when you _ (come).5. My sister _(learn) English since she _ (be) a child. She _ (speak) English fluently
15、now.6. My uncle _ (come) to see us. He _ (arrive) here a few days ago.7. He _ (start) for Sydney tomorrow morning.8. He _ (break) his glasses when he _(play) in a football match.9.Please come tomorrow afternoon.There _ (be) a meeting tomorrow morning . 10.-Look, someone _(clean) the room , how clean
16、 it is ! -Yes, Mike _(clean ) it this morning .11. Mike _ a new house for his parents for two years .(buy)12.-_ you _ your homework yet ?- No, I _in five minutes .(finish )13. The light is still on in the room ,I think the Greens _(watch) TV.14My brother _(not watch)CCTV news ,he only watches TV pla
17、ys .15.a) -We _ (not see) you for ages! Where _you _ (be)? b) -I _(be) to Scotland?三：改错:（1）How long have you become a league member？ For more than one year. 改：_（2）Have you arrived here since last night？ Yes，youre right.改：_（3）The dog has died for a month.改：_（4）He has gone to Shanghai twice.改：_（5）How long have been at this school? Since two years . _ 专心-专注-专业