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1、2022-2023学年上海市大同中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 ILGrammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks
2、, use one word that best fits each blank.Japans Seniors Discover New Way to Stay Young: Competitive Video-gamingSixty-six-year-old Atsuko Oyama shares a goal 1 (hold) by many people a half-century younger. She wants to get 100 kills in the first-person shooter video-game “Apex Legends.”E-sports prom
3、oters who have seen Japan 2 (fall) behind powerhouses such as the U. S. in video-game competitions think the senior market 3 be the way to catch up. And if the over-65 set feels a little more energized after winning over a few rival warriors, so much the better.Japan is the worlds oldest nation, and
4、 its efforts to boost the size of its younger population have been mostly unsuccessful. It is, however, at the forefront of initiatives 4 (keep) old people thinking younger.Ms. Oyama, 5 player name is Mama, tried out for the team known as the Matagi Snipers after her daughter saw an ad asking for pl
5、ayers. She now practices a couple of hours a day at home, sometimes going to acupuncture(针灸)to take care of her tired neck.The Matagi Snipers, named for a traditional group of bear hunters in northern Japan, 6 (practice) since September at their home base in northern Akita prefecture.7 an average ag
6、e of 68, the 14-person team hopes eventually to compete in professional tournaments in first-person shooter titles such as Apex Legends J from Electronic Arts Inc., and Epic Games Inc/s Fortnite.” Before they can gun for prize money or monetize YouTube page views, they need to heed the guidance of c
7、oach Yoshito “Lemon Suda, 28. Some members, to his surprise, didnt know 8 to use a computer, let alone play a video-game.“For the first month, it was more like a gathering of some good friends,” Mr. Suda said. I had to give them a pep talk and tell themYoure not here fbr that. Youre going to be prof
8、essional.The members took it to heart, he said, and now he sees some online playing at midnight.Mr. Suda begins each practice session with a lecture. After the lecture, it was time to play. Masashi K” Shinoda, 69, was having a hard time 9 (sense) the presence of enemies.Coach Lemon motivates his tea
9、m by telling them age is an advantage. There is a huge difference in socialLSummary Writing. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why we choose scrolling over sleepi
10、ngImagine cozying up in your bed after a long day. You scroll through your favorite social media apps for what feels like ten minutes, but then you realize hours have passed. Its now 2:30 am, and you know you need to get some sleep to wake up refreshed fbr work. But you just cant get yourself to sto
11、p scrolling and turn in for the night. You promise yourself just five more minutes then its 3:00 am.If you can relate to this scenario, youre not alone. Now called revenge bedtime procrastination,the Sleep Foundation describes this phenomenon as the tendency “to sacrifice sleep fbr leisure time that
12、 is driven by a daily schedule lacking in free time.”People who spend most of their waking hours experience a severe lack of me time in which they can be free of responsibilities. Nowadays, some people feel guilty even for resting, so there is a strong desire for uninten*upted personal time.Daphne L
13、ee, the journalist whose viral tweet popularized the term, describes revenge bedtime procrastination as an attempt to regain control of our lives. If you are spending most of the day working for someone else, following someone elses orders, and disciplining yourself into doing what youre “supposed t
14、o do, it is only natural to desire freedom - at least for the few quiet hours around midnight.Revenge bedtime procrastination is experienced differently by various groups, despite being motivated by the same reasons. Parents of young children spend most of their day trying to balance work and childc
15、are, so there is a powerful desire to spend some time alone, free of all obligations. For many parents, this is only possible at night when work hours are over and the kids are asleep. Likewise, college students with a demanding class schedule and workers who put in a lot of overtime may be particul
16、arly susceptible to bedtime procrastination.ILTranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.51 .她坚决耍求出席所有的采访。（insist）（汉译英）.她刚一宣布完获奖名单，泪水便夺眶而出（N。sooner）（汉译英）52 .母亲的话让我相信，在生活中无论遇到什么苦难都不能半途而废。（convince）（汉译英）.中国在新能源领域方面的迅猛发展，为其赢得牵头制定新型电力系统国际
17、标准的机会。（win）（汉译英）VLGuided Writing. Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请写一篇短文，文章必须包括：1 .描述图片.就“低头族（phubbing）”这一现象谈谈你的看法2022-2023学年上海市大同中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷ILGrammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below
18、fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammaticallycorrect. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Japans Seniors Discover New Way to Stay Young: Competitive Video-gaming
19、Sixty-six-year-old Atsuko Oyama shares a goal 1 (hold) by many people a half-century younger. She wants to get 100 kills in the first-person shooter video-game “Apex Legends.”E-sports promoters who have seen Japan 2 (fall) behind powerhouses such as the U. S. in video-game competitions think the sen
20、ior market 3 be the way to catch up. And if the over-65 set feels a little more energized after winning over a few rival warriors, so much the better.Japan is the worlds oldest nation, and its efforts to boost the size of its younger population have been mostly unsuccessful. It is, however, at the f
21、orefront of initiatives 4 (keep) old people thinking younger.Ms. Oyama, 5 player name is Mama, tried out for the team known as the Matagi Snipers after her daughter saw an ad asking for players. She now practices a couple of hours a day at home, sometimes going to acupuncture(针.灸)to take care of her
22、 tired neck.The Matagi Snipers, named for a traditional group of bear hunters in northern Japan, 6 (practice) since September at their home base in northern Akita prefecture.7 an average age of 68, the 14-person team hopes eventually to compete in professional tournaments in first-person shooter tit
23、les such as “Apex Legends J from Electronic Arts Inc., and Epic Games Inc/s Fortnite.”Before they can gun for prize money or monetize YouTube page views, they need to heed the guidance of coach Yoshito Lemon Suda, 28. Some members, to his surprise, didnt know 8 to use a computer, let alone play a vi
24、deo-game.“For the first month, it was more like a gathering of some good friends, Mr. Suda said. I had to give them a pep talk and tell them,Youre not here for that. Youre going to be professional.The members took it to heart, he said, and now he sees some online playing at midnight.Mr. Suda begins
25、each practice session with a lecture. After the lecture, it was time to play. Masashi “K” Shinoda, 69, was having a hard time 9 (sense) the presence of enemies.Coach Lemon motivates his team by telling them age is an advantage. There is a huge difference in socialexperience between people who have l
26、ived only 20 years versus 60 years,“ he said. Younger players tend to bemore violent 10 older players can communicate better and lean on teamwork.【答案】l.heldfall#falling2. might#may#could#canto keep 5. whose6. have been practicingWith#At7. how 9. sensing10. while【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本老年人发现了保持年轻的新方法
27、：竞争性视频游戏。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：66岁的AtsukoOyama和许多比他年轻半个世纪的人有着相同的目标。设空处在句 中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语goal之间是逻辑被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填 heldo【2题详解】考查非谓语动词作补语。句意：看到日本在电子游戏竞赛中落后于美国等强国的电子竞技推广者认为，老年 市场可能是追赶之路。设空处在句中为非谓语，固定短语see sb do/doing sth看见某人做过或者正在做某事， 省略to的不定式或者现在分词作宾补。故填fall或者fallingo【3题详解】考查情态动词。句意见上题解析。设空处表示“可能”应
28、为might或者may或者could或者can。故填might 或者 may 或者 could 或者 can。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，它是让老年人保持年轻思维的前沿举措。设空处在句中为非谓语动词作表语， 表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式。故填to keep。【5题详解】考查定语从句。句意：大山女士的玩家名叫Mama,在她的女儿看到一个招募球员的广告后，她参加了名为 “Matagi狙击手”(Matagisniper)的球队的选拔。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中定语,先行词为Ms. Oyama, 应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。【6题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：Matagi
29、狙击手以日本北部一个传统猎熊团体的名字命名，自去年9月以来，他们一直 在位于秋田县北部的基地练习。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语since September和语境，可知表示从 过去一直持续到现在并且一直在进行的动作，应用现在完成进行时，主语为the Matagi Snipers（Matagi狙击 手），结合主谓一致。故填have been practicing。【7题详解】考查介词。句意:这个平均年龄68岁的14人团队希望最终能参加第一人称射击游戏的职业锦标赛，如“Apex Legends”。固定短语with/at an average age of平均年龄为。故填With或者At。【8题
30、详解】考查疑问副词。句意：令他惊讶的是，一些成员并不知道怎么用电脑，更别说玩电子游戏了。分析句子的 结构可知，此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，表示“如何，怎么应用how。故填how。【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：69岁的Shinoda Masashi K”很难感觉到敌人的存在。设空处在句中作非谓语， 固定短语have a hard time （in） doing sth做某事有困难。故填sensingo【10题详解】考查连词。句意：年轻的玩家往往更暴力，而年长的玩家可以更好地沟通，依靠团队合作。根据上句younger players （年轻球员）”和后句的“older player
31、s （老球员）”表示对比，应用连词while而，然而（表示对比）。故 填 while oSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. exploringB. recognizing C. visionaryD. specializedE. referenceF. generatedK. distinguishing G
32、. relativeH. equivalentI. traced J. functioningNobel Prize Awarded to Svante Paabo for Discoveries in EvolutionThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded Monday to Sweden-born geneticist Svante Paabo,11 him for discoveries related to the genomes of extinct human groups that shed light on
33、the genetic characteristics unique to present-day humans. The committee said Dr. Paabo, whose father was also a Nobel laureate, overcame challenges in recovering and analyzing ancient DNA to sequence the genome of the Neanderthal（尼安德特人） He also discovered a previously unknown human 12、called the Den
34、isova.Sequencing the genomes of extinct hominins a grouping of humans that includes present-day people, or Homo sapiens, as well as close relatives such as Neanderthals who died out millennia ago provided a crucial13 point for scientists in understanding the genetic divergence（趋异）that makes Homo sap
35、iens unique, the committee said. Dr. Paabos work laid the foundations for a new field of science known as paleo-genomics, or the use of genetic analysis to shed light on human evolution.“By revealing genetic differences 14 all living humans from extinct hominins（古人类），his discoveries provide the basi
36、s for 15 what makes us uniquely human,“ said the Nobel committee. Hes a true 16 and this is very well-deserved,“ said Ed Green, a professor of bio-molecular engineering at the University of California, Santa Cruz.Dr. Paabos discoveries also laid the groundwork for research on how ancient gene sequen
37、ces from extinct relatives influence the 17 of present-day humans. One example is a gene common among present-day Tibetans that makes those people better adapted to life at high altitude. It can be 18 to the Denisovan genome.The Nobel committee said Dr. Paabos discoveries 19 a new understanding of h
38、uman evolutionary history, showing that when Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa, at least two other distinct human populations inhabited Eurasia: Neanderthals in the western part and Denisovans in the east. Homo sapiens encountered and interbred with both.Dr. Paabo wins a prize of 10 million Swedis
39、h kroner, the 20【答案】1LB 12. G13. E14. K15. A16. C17. J18.119. F20. H【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典出生的遗传学家Svante Paabo获得诺贝尔生理学或医学 奖，以及他的发现对生物学的意义。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周一，瑞典出生的遗传学家Svante Paabo获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，表彰他对 已灭绝人类群体基因组的相关发现，揭示了当今人类独有的遗传特征。结合句意表达“因而奖励某 人”用recognize sb. for sth.,句中已有谓语动词was rewarded,因此空处作状语，r
40、ecognize和逻辑主语TheNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故选B。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：他还发现了一个以前不为人知的人类亲戚，叫做丹尼索瓦人。根据冠词a和discovered 可知，空处应填名词单数形式作宾语，根据下文the Denisova可知是指人类的近亲，relative “亲戚”符 合题意。故选G。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：委员会表示，对已灭绝的人（包括现代人或智人，以及数千年前灭绝的尼安德特人等近 亲）的基因组进行测序，为科学家理解使智人独特的基因差异提供了关键参考点。根据下文“for scie
41、ntists in understanding the genetic divergence（趋异）that makes Homo sapiens unique,” 可知，他的发现极具参考价 值,a crucial reference piont 关键参考点”符合题意，名词reference作定语。故选E。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：诺贝尔委员会表示：“通过揭示所有现存人类与灭绝的古人类之间的基因差异， 他的发现为探索是什么使我们成为独一无二的人类提供了基础。根据下文iving humans from extinct hominins”可知，是区别现存人类和灭绝古人类的差异，动词dis
42、tinguish符合题意，此处应用非谓语动词 作后置定语，和逻辑主语differences之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故选K。15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据“what makes us uniquely human”可知，此处指探索是什么让我们成为独 一无二的人类，动词explore符合题意，位于介词for,应用其动名词形式。故选A。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：“他是一个真正的有远见的人，这是当之无愧的，”加州大学圣克鲁斯分校生物分子工 程教授埃德格林说。根据冠词a可知，空处应填单数名词作表语，结合句意表示“有远见的人”用 visionary o 故选 C。【17题详解】考查动
43、名词。句意：Paabo博士的发现也为研究来自己灭绝亲属的古老基因序列如何影响现代人类的功能 奠定 了基础。 根据下文 “One example is a gene common among present-day Tibetans that makes those people better adapted to life at high altitude.v可知，此处是指如何影响现代人类的正常运行，动词function符合题 意，此处应用其动名词形式作宾语。故选J。【18题详解】考查动词和语态。句意：它可以追溯到丹尼索瓦人的基因组。根据上文“One example is a gene com
44、mon among present-day Tibetans that makes those people better adapted to life at high altitude.v 可知，止匕处是指藏族 人能够适应高海拔的情况可以追溯倒丹尼索瓦人，动词trace符合题意，和主语it为被动关系，故用过去 分词和can be构成被动语态。故选I。【19题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：诺贝尔委员会表示，帕博博士的发现对人类进化史产生了新的理解，表明当智人 从非洲迁移出去时，欧亚大陆上至少还有两个不同的人类群体：西部的尼安德特人和东部的丹尼索瓦人。 空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据a new
45、understanding of human evolutionary history”可知，是他的发现 引起了对人类进化史的新理解，动词generate符合题意，主语为一般过去时，从句陈述事实，也应用一般 过去时。故选F。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：帕博博士获得了相当于1000万瑞典克朗的奖金。结合句意，此处是指Paabo获得的奖 金兑换成瑞典克朗是1000万，即1000万瑞典克朗的等价物，名词equivalent符合题意。故选H。III.Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following p
46、assage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Its late in the evening: time to close the book and turn off the computer. Youre done fbr the day. What you may not realize, 21, is that the learning process actually c
47、ontinues - in your dreams.It might sound like science fiction, but researchers are increasingly 22 the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the fragmented, often bizarre imaginings they 23 at night. Scientists have found that dreaming about a task weve l
48、earned is associated with 24 performance in that activity (suggesting that theres some truth to the popular notion that were “getting“ a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). Whafs more, researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential part of understanding, organizing and
49、 25 what we learn. While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during 26 hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural virtual reality. A vivid example of such 27 can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance moves to a group of p