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1、20222023学年湖南省长沙市国防科大附中高二（上）第一次月考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AStanley Fields, who wrote Sad, Sad Cowboy, which won this years Philips Prize as the best song of the year, might have had a very different job if his parents had .In an interview, Fields said, When I was a child, my father always told me I
2、 should put down my guitar and do my homework.He wanted me to go to college and become a teacher as he and his brother were. Fields explained （hat he made a great effort to please his father, but often his love of music became too great and he would steal into a garden behind his house and play his
3、guitar and make up a song.I made it to Stanton College, he laughed, but I took accounting （会计）instead of teaching.And to pay my own way, I played the guitar and sang at a local nightclub.While Fields was still in his senior year, an executive （总裁） of a record company came into the club as he was sin
4、ging one of his own songs.The executive liked what he heard and signed the man to a contract （合同）.Since graduating from Stanton College in 1973, Fields has spent his full time writing and singing songs.My Heartache, a song he wrote while in college, reached number seventeen in the top twenty hit son
5、gs of 1974 and in 1977 his song Rambling was the song for the movie of the same name.1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. Stanley Fields parents were teachers.B. Stanley Fields* mother and his brother were teachers.C. Stanley Fields* father and his uncle were te
6、achers.D. Stanley Fields aunt and uncle were teachers.2. From this passage, what can we learn about Fields? A. He wrote no songs before entering college.B. He made up songs before entering college.C. He began writing songs after attending college.D. He had songs published before attending college.38
7、.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Walter John was a 20-year-old college student from Homewood,Alabama. As a young man in college far away from home, he didnt have much money. He had to work part-time to cover his living costs. Recently he gave up his part-time job in the fast-food business and f
8、ound a new one at a home-moving company called Bellhops. The pay for his new job was higher,and John gained more flexibility with his hours, which allowed him to focus on his studies a bit more. He wanted to do everything he could to secure this new employment opportunity,so he thought he had to try
9、 his best to make sure that everything would go well on his first day!But sometimesjife hits you unexpectedly. A day before John began his new job.his car broke down! With little money to his name, he couldnt have his car repaired at the garage. None of his friends were able to take him to work. Wha
10、t was vorse,the public transportation was not running at his working time. If he took a taxi, it would cost him half his salary.Therefore, he decided to walk to the company.In order to get there by six in the morning.he thought that the safest way would be to leave at midnight. John even challenged
11、himself to arrive (here one hour earlier. Even though i( seemed like such a far walkJohn knew he was fit enough to do it. This was challenging, but John knew it was possible.He grabbed his wallet and his phone and left his apartment. As soon as he stepped out of the door,he realized that walking alo
12、ne in the dark at midnight can be dangerous. Moreover,he had to walk through a large wood as well as many blocks of the city. Therefore, he went back to take a bat (球 棒)and a kitchen knife for safety purposes. In case a wild animal or some bad person attacked him, at least he would have something fo
13、r protection.注意：1 .续写词数应为15()左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Finally John started his long walk.At that time, a car was drawing closer.答案和解析14.【答案】C、B、A、A（解析（1）推理判断题。根据第二段 He wanted me to go to college and become a teacher as he and his brother were.（他的父亲想让他上大学，像他父亲和他父亲的哥哥一样成为一名教师。）可知 斯坦利菲尔兹的父亲和他的叔叔是教师。故选C。
14、（2）推理判断题。根据第三段 he would steal into a garden behind his house and play his guitar and make up a song.（他会偷偷溜进 房子后面的花园，弹吉他和编歌。）可知他在上大学之前就创作了歌曲。故选B。（3）词义猜测题。might have had a very different job if his parents had .（如果他的父母能够如愿以偿，他可能会有一份完全不同的工作。）可知had their way的意思是“做他们所希 望的事情。A.Done as they wished.如他们所愿;B.
15、Found their way of punishing Fields.找到了 惩罚 菲尔兹的方法；C.Made conditions easy for Fields knure.为菲尔兹的未来创造了有利条件； D.Prevented Fields from going to col lege.阻止了菲尔兹上大学。故选 Ao（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 My Heartache, a song he wrote while in college,reached number seventeen in the top twenty hit songs of 1974 （他在大学时创作的歌曲我的
16、心痛 在1974年的二十首热门歌曲中排名第十七）可知，这是一首很受欢迎的歌。故选A。本文是篇是说明文，主要讲述了 SlanleyFields的经历，从很小的时候就对音乐有极大的兴趣， 到最后取得了极大的音乐成功。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出止确答案。57.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Unfortunaiely,Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene, and it had to be
17、completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.（不幸的是，普契尼在完成这最后一幕之前 就因心脏病发作去世了，这一幕必须由他以前的一个学生弗兰科阿尔法诺来完成。）可知吉亚卡 摩普契尼和弗兰科阿尔法诺完成了举世闻名的歌剧图兰朵。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome settingJYou could almost feel the history.（
18、想象一下在紫禁城里表演这样一出歌剧-不可能有比这更 棒的场景了！你几乎可以感受到历史。）可知作者认为这部歌剧的背景非常棒，因为她觉得观众 几乎可以感受到历史。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段 So Turandot seizes Calafs father and Liu, and demands that they tell her Calafs name.Wanting to protect the father,Liu claims that she alone knows the name and kills herself.（于是图兰朵抓住 了 k拉夫的父亲和刘， 要求他们告
19、诉她卡拉夫的名字。为了保护父亲，刘声称只有她知道这个名字，于是自杀了。）可 知文章中并没有提到D.Many princes were killed by Turandot.（许多王子都被图兰朵杀死了。）故 选D。本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了吉亚卡摩普契尼和弗兰科阿尔法诺完成了举世闻名的歌剧图 兰朵0一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型
20、，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案：而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest,
21、indicate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。811.【答案】D、B、C、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第三段However,Austria is best known for its many famous composers.In the 18th and 19th centuries, theAustrian royal family were patrons （赞助人）of t
22、he arts,and they drew many musicians to Vienna.The city soon became known as a centre for musical innovatio n and performance （然而，奥地利最著名的是它的许多著名作曲家。在18和19世纪，奥地利皇室 是艺术的赞助人，他们吸引了许多音乐家到维也纳。这座城市很快成为著名的音乐创新和表演中 心）可知奥地利因为奥地利王室的赞助而成为古典音乐的中心。因此D.Vienna become a center for classical music because of the Aust
23、rian royal Family.（维也纳因为奥地利 王室而成为古典音乐的中心。）是错误的。故选D.（2）猜测词义题。根据文章第二段It is thought to have begun as a way for animal herders in the mountains to communicate or to call （heir animal （它被认为是山区牧民交流或称呼他们的动物的一种方式）可知herder的意思是B.A person whose job is to take care of a group of animals in the countryside.（工作在在
24、乡下并且照看 一群动物的人）。故选（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段It now serves as a stage for opera,and also jazz and pop concerts.They all take place in the open air under the stars,taking advantage of the quarrys unusual acoustics （现在它是歌剧、爵士乐和流行音乐会的舞台。它 们都发生在星空下的户外，利用了采石场不同寻常的音响效果）可知圣玛格丽特歌剧节在户外举 行，以充分利用采石场不同寻常的音响效果。故选C。（4）文章出处
25、题。根据文章最后 S No matter what kind of music you like,chances are that youll be able to find it in one of the countrys many theatres or small cafes.The sounds o f Austrian music are everywhere.（无论你喜欢哪种音乐，你都有可能在这个国家众多的剧院或小咖 啡馆中找到它。奥地利音乐的声音随处可见.）可知本文主要讲述了奥地利作为音乐圣地而出名 的原因。说明本文应该来自于一本介绍音乐方面的杂志。A.A magazine.一
26、本杂志；B.A textbook. 一本教科书；C.A novel.一本小说；D.A review.一篇评论。故选A。本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了奥地利作为音乐圣地而出名的原因。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇
27、文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大
28、的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因 果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。1275.【答案】C、D、C、A【解析】(1)猜测词义题。根据文章第一段When they lifted it, they found a 4,000-ycar-old noodlc.This mummy noodle was made from millet.(当他们抬起它时，他们发现了一 根有4000年历史的面条。这种“木乃伊”面条是由小米制成的。)可知这是关于考古的事情，说明 Archaeologists 的意思是考古学家:因此 C.People who s
29、tudy the cultures and history of the past.(研 究过去文化和历史的人。)符合题意。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 Dried noodles were perfect for long (rips.They were tasty, easy to carry, and never went bad (挂面非常适合长途旅行。它们美味可口，便于携带，而且从来 不会变质)可知挂面是一种受欢迎的旅行食品，因为它们不仅味道好，而且便于长途旅行携带。 故选D。(3)推理判断题。根据文章第二段 According to Marco Polo, whea
30、t was used for making thin noodles, not bread, in China.Since Marco Polo described Chinese noodles by comparing (hem to Italian noodles, it is clear that in Marco Polos Italy, noodles were already on the menu.（根据马可波罗的记载,在中 国，小麦被用来做面条，而不是面包。由于马可波罗通过将中国面条与意大利面条相比较来描述 中国面条，很明显，在马可波罗的意大利，面条已经出现在菜单上了。）可知
31、马可波罗比较了中 国面条和意大利面条。故选C。（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章介绍了考古学家对于谁是第一个发明面条的人进行探索研究。 因此A.The history of noodles.（面条的历史）是本文的主旨大意。故选A。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古学家对于谁是第一个发明面条的人进行探索研究。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题
32、的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, sugges
33、t, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因 果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。1620.【答案】F、A、G、E、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文Food waste is a huge problem in many countries.（食物浪费在 许多国家是一个巨大的问题）说明食物浪费的现象非常严重，空格处承上启下，下文Herearefour simple ways to start reducing yo
34、ur food waste at home today.（这里有四个简单的方法来减少你今天在 家里的食物浪费）说明有减少浪费的方法，F项“好消息是：我们每个人都可以帮助解决它”符合语 境，the good news 与 a huge problem 相对应，solve it 与 simple ways 相对应，故选 F。（2）段落大意题。根据下文 Before you shop for groceries, think about exactly what you need for the week , make a list and then stick io il.（在你买日用品之前,想想
35、你这一周到底需要什么，列个清 单，然后照着做）可知本段是提醒读者们要有计划，A项“制定计划”符合语境。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据本段主题句Your freezer （冰柜）is your friend（你的冰箱是你的朋友）可 知freezer是关键词。G项”把它打包，注明日期，暂时放在冰箱里”符合语境。故选G。（4）推理判断题。根据下文 If it doesnt pass, its time to move on to our next tip.（如果它没有通过, 是时候继续我们的下一个提示了。）说明是否扔掉有疑问，E项”如果有疑问，请进行气味测试” 衔接下文，故选E。（5）细节理解题。根
36、据上文Compost （把制成堆肥），composl, composl （堆肥，堆肥，肥 料）可知建议大家把剩饭制成堆肥，C项”堆肥很简单”符合语境。故选C。本文是一篇说明文，当前食物浪费的现象非常严重，作者介绍了几种减少食物浪费的方法。技巧通读全文，了解文章大意；细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系：根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。21 35.【答案】D、A、B、C、A、B、A、C、D、B、A、C、D、B、C【解析】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.oftcn经常；B.seldom
37、很少:C.ever曾经;D.nevcr绝不。根据下句and I did not quite know whal to （2）.可知我也不知道会遇到什么。说明与我丈夫不同, 我以前从未去过像“在黑暗中用餐”这样的餐厅，故答案为Do（2）考杳动词及语境理解。A.expeci期盼；B.discuss讨论；C.share分享；D.buy买。根据后文 This is really wonderful experience.可知这真是奇妙的经历。说明我也不知道会遇到什么。故答案为 Ao（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.allowed允许;B.instructed指导;C.wamed警告;D.begged乞求。
38、 根据后文 Our waiter, however, led us without （5） toward our chairs.可知然而，我们的服务员毫 不犹豫地把我们带到我们的椅子上。说明服务员指导着我们找到我们的餐桌。故答案为Bo（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.ialked about谈论;B.searched for寻找；C.passed through穿过;D.pullcd down推到。当我们穿过厚重的黑色窗帘时，迎接我们的是一片漆黑。故答案为C。(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.hcsitation犹豫；B.reasons理由；C.comments评论;D.charge要价。根据后文
39、 Our waiter had carried two bowls of soup and two plates of food to us in complete (8) without spilling (洒出)a single ihing.可知我们的服务员在完全黑暗的情况下给我们端来了两碗汤 和两碟食物，没有洒一点东西。说明我们的服务员亳不犹豫地把我们带到我们的椅子上。故答案 为A。(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.certainty确信:B.difficulty困难;C.pride自豪;D.luck运气。根据 前文 When we (4) the heavy black curtain,
40、wc were greeted with complete darkness.可知当我们穿过 厚重的黑色窗帘时，迎接我们的是一片漆黑。说明我们在黑暗中坐下都非常困难。故答案为B。(7)考查动词及语境理解。A.heard听说；B.ignored忽略：C.imagined想象；D.recorded记录。根 据空后the sound of dishes being set before us可知突然，我们听到盘子摆在我们面前的声音。故答 案为A。(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.privacy隐私；C.darkness黑暗；D.silence安静。根 据前文 When wc (4
41、) the heavy black curtain, we were greeted with complete darkness.可知当我们穿 过厚重的黑色窗帘时，迎接我们的是一片漆黑。故答案为C。(9)考查形容词短语及陪境理解。A.eagerfor渴望：B.【hankful for感激;C.nervous al紧张；D.surprised at 惊讶。根据后文 Our wailer, like all the other staff at Dining in the Dark, was blind.可知我们的 服务员，像“黑暗中用餐”的所有其他员工一样，是个盲人。说明我感觉非常惊讶。故答案
42、为D。(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.admitted允许;B.realized意识到；C.agreed同意;D.explained解 释。根据下句the restaurant was not dark at all.可知我意识到餐厅一点也不暗。故答案为B。(11)考查名词及语境理解。A.sight视力；B.hopc希望;C.pity遗憾;D.tastc 口味。根据下句Our waiter, like all the other staff at Dining in the Dark, was blind.可知我们的服务员，像”黑暗中用餐”的所有 其他员工一样，是个盲人。说明他们没有视力。故答
43、案为A。(12)考查形容词及语境理解。A.afraid害怕的;B.lired疲惫的;C.unsure不确信的;D.careful小 心的。根据后文This is really wonderful experience.可知这真是奇妙的经历。说明自己不确信吃 的东西。故答案为C.(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.believe相信;B.prepare准备;C.choose选择;D.remember记住。 我记得阵阵香味，奇怪和令人愉快的质地，和良好的气味。故答案为D。(14)考查名词及语境理解。A.recovery康复；B.absence缺席;C.magic魔力;D.degree学位。根 据前文
44、Our waiter, like all the other staffai Dining in the Dark, was blind.可知我们的服务员,像” 黑暗中用餐”的所有其他员工一样，是个盲人。说明视觉的缺失似乎让我们的其他感官变得更强, 也让这顿饭尝起来更加美味。故答案为B。(15)考查名词及语境理解。A.goals目标；B.requests要求：C.senses感觉；D.means意思。根据 下句made (he meal taste all the more delicious可知视觉的缺失似乎让我们的其他感官变得更强，也 让这顿饭尝起来更加美味。故答案为C。本文是一篇记叙文。
45、主要讲述了作者跟随丈夫经历了一次与众不同的晚餐盛宴。完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1 .通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大 意，这是解题的基础。2 .瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的 原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下 文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3 .复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留 的少数疑难问题。4 .再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务
46、必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文 文意连贯。36 .【答案】【小题1】variety【小题2 was【小题3】shining【小题4 elderly【小题5 into【小题 6 adorable【小题7】watering【小题8 a【小题9 As【小题10 which【解析】(1)考查固定短语。句意：他们有各种各样的馅料，其中我最喜欢甜红豆馅料。a variety of表示”各种各样的，故填variety。（2）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：我记得在我很小的时候，我第一次和家人一起吃月饼。结 合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为I,故填was。（3）考查
47、现在分词。句意：我们坐在外公外婆家的院子里，满月在我们头顶闪耀。此处为wilh 的复合结构，宾语the full moon与shine之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作宾补，故填shining。（4）考查形容词。句意：我年迈的祖母仍然每年为全家烤月饼。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词 grandmother,表示年迈的,故填 elderly。（5）考查介词。句意：她能把面粉和红豆变成神奇的月饼。turn.into表示”把变成”符 合句意，故填to。（6）考查形容词。句意：当她把它们放在桌子上时，它们看起来很可爱-又小又I员I又亮的金棕色。 此处用形容词作look的表语，表示“可爱的，故填adorable
48、。（7）考杳动名词。句意：美味的气味很快传到我的鼻子里，我开始流口水。S3 doing表示“开始 做某事”，故用动名词形式，故填watering。（8）考查关系。句意：当我拿起一个月饼时，它在我手里感觉又热又重。结合句意可知，此处表 示泛指，故用不定冠词，mooncake为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。（9）考查时间状语从句。句意：当我每咬一口，红豆馅的甜味和温和的味道慢慢地充满了我的口 腔。结合句意可知，此处表示“当时候”，引导时间状语从句，且首字母大写，故填As。（10）考查定语从句。句意：月饼一直是我的最爱，因为它令人满意的味道，它来自这个世界， 它给我带来了快乐的回忆。此处引导定语从句，先行词为satisfying taste,在从句中作主语，故填 which o本文为说明文，主要介绍了月饼是作者的最爱。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型， 语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。37 .【答案】Dear Jack,Hearing that you want to know some delicious food of China, Im writing to tell you the food that I like best.【高分句型一】