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1、总复习总复习-阅读理解阅读理解物流英语物流英语1 Forecasting demands p.66-67 lDemand forecasting involves determining the amount of product and service that customers will require in the future.It is important to all operations such as marketing,manufacturing,and logistics.l*Marketing forecasts determine promotional strate
2、gies,allocation of sales force,pricing strategies,and market research activities.l*Manufacturing forecasts determine production schedules,purchasing and acquisition strategies,and in-plant inventory decisions.l*Logistics forecasts determine product transportation and storage.lDemand forecasting enab
3、les managers to allocate their resources(budgets)effectively to meet demands.Forecasting can be difficult given the market uncertainties.However,the company should undertake demand forecasting and communicate the results to other departments.Sophisticated computer models,trend analysis,sales force e
4、stimates,or other methods can help develop such forecasts.l1:If you want to determine promotional strategies for you sales department,you should conduct a _ forecast.lMarketinglManufacturinglLogisticslAll of the abovel2:Forecasting can be difficult given the market uncertainties,this sentence means:
5、lUncertainty can be given through forecastinglUncertainties cant be given through forecastinglCertainties can be given through forecastinglUncertainties cant be given through forecastingABl3:The word“undertake”means _.lPerformlGolIncludelConsiderA2:P.70 virtual warehouselVW is a network to enable fa
6、st and accurate sharing of information using advanced technologies such as computer network.The advantages include better accuracy,customer service,precise control of transportation and data analysis capabilities to anyone capable of using the virtual databases.The concept of virtual warehousing is
7、not yet mature.It has been implemented partly at some of the electronics and telecommunications companies.Successful implementation of VW greatly depends upon advanced communication capabilities,efficient transportation alternatives and math to make stocking,communication and transportation decision
8、s.l1:About VW,the wrong expression about it is _.lIs a networklHas great advantageslNot commonly used nowadayslIs mature for adoptingl2:the meaning of“implementing”in this paragraph is similar to _.lPlaylEnablelRequirelConduct DDl3:To implementing the VW,which element is not unnecessary according to
9、 this paragraph?lAdvanced communicationlEfficient transportation alternativeslMathlCapitalD3:Development of Green Logistics p.72l“Greenness”has become an increasing concern.The new field of logistics was an opportunity for the transportation industry to present a more environmentally friendly face.M
10、any articles and research suggest how the environment could be incorporated in the logistics industry.l Recycling and disposal led to a new sub-sector of reverse logistics.This reverse flow involves the transport of waste and the movement of used materials.Reverse logistics is also called reverse di
11、stribution,reverse flow logistics and green logistics.lHowever,the logistics industry has been facing the critical issues such as pollution,congestion,and resource used up that the logistics industry is still not very“green”.l1:Greenness here means _.lHealthylEnvironmentallRecycledlReusedl2:Please c
12、hoose from the wrong expression about the Greenness in logistics.lGreenness is now an important concern for many operations of logistics.lReverse logistics belongs to environmental logistics.lLogistics industry is still facing problems before they are green one.lIn logistics development,the environm
13、ental elements have not been taken into consideration.BDl3:The word“critical”here means _.lVitallCommonlSeriouslCrucial 至关紧要的至关紧要的D4:freight forwarderlOriginally,a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks such as loading and unloading of go
14、ods,storage of goods,arranging local transport,obtaining payment for his customer,etc.However,the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.lToday,a freight forwarder plays an important role in
15、 international trade and transport.The services that a freight forwarder renders实施实施may often range from routine and basic tasks such as booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of services covering the total transportation and distribution process.l1:According to this paragr
16、aph,the wrong expression is _.lA freight forwarder was a commission agent on behalf of the exporter/importer.lA freight forwarder perform only routine and basic tasks.lA freight forwarder perform both basic and routine tasks and comprehensive services.lA freight forwarder can replace the exporter an
17、d importer in international trade.Bl2:Which phrase can accurately tell the main meaning of this paragraph?lFreight forwarders functionslDefinition of freight forwarderlFreight forwarders developmentlFreight forwarders tasksl3:About the development trend of freight forwarder,which one is right?lDefin
18、itely developing into a carrierlBecoming a third part between importer and exporterlMore specialized in freight forwarding businesslWill disappear soonBB5:consolidation联合，合并lConsolidation or groupage means the assembly of small parcels of cargo from several consignors at on point of origin intended
19、for several consignees at another point of destination,dispatching the parcels as one consolidated consignment to the consolidators agent at the destination and delivering them to their respective consignees.lForwarders who act as groupage agent or consolidators deliver full container loads made up
20、of individual LCL consignments to the carrier to take advantage of the FCLK tariff rates.l1:Consolidation may include below functions,which one is not possible?lGoods collectionlTransportationlPackagelMoney collection from importerDl2:In above paragraph,consolidator may refer to _.lExporterlCarrierl
21、TruckerlImporterl3:The right expression about consolidation is _.lCan be forwarderlMaking money by grouping LCL and FCLlEnjoying the FCLK tariff rateslCan replace some functions of carrierDA6 6：p.77 Transportation Strategies p.77 Transportation Strategies in International Trade in International Trad
22、e lInternational transportation of goods can involve any of the five basic modes of transportation,although air and water carriage are perhaps the most important.Motor,rail,and water carriage are the most important freight movement within nations.lThere can be significant differences between the tra
23、nsportation infrastructure environments of the United Stated and the European countries.lManagers of firms involved in international markets must be aware of the different transport services,costs and availability of transport modes in the countries where they trade their products.The differences be
24、tween nations can be due to taxes,subsidies,regulations,government ownership of carriers,and other factors.l1：please choose from the below items the one that not belong to basic mode of transportationlWater carriagelMotor carriagelMultimodal transportlPipeline transportCl2:According to your knowledg
25、e,please pick out the wrong expression from the below four items.lMotor carriage is the dominant transport mode in the USA.lMotor carriage is the dominant transport in China.lRail transport is the dominant transport in China.lIn Europe,most freight are transported through water carriage.l3:About mul
26、timodal transport,the wrong expression is _.lIs also called combined transportlInvolves at least 2 kinds of transport modeslMust be international transportationlHas different freight rates according to different modes of transportation.BD7:p.80 supply chain managementlAn important new trend in suppl
27、y chain management is the recovery,recycling,or reuse of products from the end user after they have reached the end of their useful life.Organizations are now extending their distribution channels beyond the end customer to include the acceptance and“disassembly”of final products for reuse in new pr
28、oducts.Organizations are seeking to“close the loop”and eventually transform used products into new products and/or materials that can be returned to the earth without harming the environment.In other cases,organizations have developed extensive repair networks to handle warranty and quality problems
29、 that occur with products returned by customers.This function may include after-sales service functions,maintenance services,and other types of activities related to continually satisfying the customer.Here again,organizations are actively working to improve their“reverse logistics”functions,to mana
30、ge the flow of products and services moving backward through the supply chain.l1:Which sentence or short phrase accurately express the meaning of this paragraph?lThe new trend of SCM.lDistribution channels extending.lReverse logistics is an increasing concern.lOrganizations are developing extensive
31、repair networks.l2:Which element cannot push the development of reverse logistics according to this paragraph?lRepair warrantylQuality problemslMaintenance serviceslprocurementADl3:The wrong expression about reverse logistics is _.lReverse logistics deals with materials flowing from customers to sup
32、pliers.lIs also known as“environmentally responsible logistics”lAct a third part besides materials management and distribution lThe opportunity to implement reverse logistics is limited as it adds no value to any product.D8:p.80 supply chain managementlAll organizations are part of one or more suppl
33、y chains.Whether a company sells directly to the end customer,provides a service,manufactures a product,or extracts materials from the earth,it can be characterized within the context of its supply chain.Until recently,nowever,organizations focused primarily on their direct customers and internal fu
34、nctions,and placed relatively little emphasis on other organizations within their supply chain network.However,three major developments in global markets and technologies have brought supply chain management to the forefront of managements attention:l(1)The information revolution.l(2)Customer demand
35、s in areas of product and service cost,quality,delivery,technology,and cycle time brought about by increased global competition.l(3)The emergence of new forms of inter-organizational relationships.lEach of these developments has fostered the emergence of an integrated supply chain approach.l1:Choose
36、 from below the organization who is not likely part of supply chain.lWholesalerlRetailerlManufacturerlGovernmentl2:If from the viewpoint of a focal firm,which one is not included in its supply chain?lInternal functionslUpstream supplierslDownstream customerslExternal functionsDD9l1.What is the meani
37、ng of“cost-effective”?()lA.Cost reduced B.Economically lC.Cost evaluate D.To add cost l2.()creates time value.lA.Transportation B.Goods flow lC.Different location D.Storage l3.What is the same meaning of location value?()lA.Different value lB.Different value of same goods at the different places.lC.
38、Different goods lD.Different value of different goods at the same placeADBl4.What is the distribution value?()lA.Distribution lB.processinglC.Sales and processing lD.Changing the length,thickness and the package of the goodsl5.The distribution process value is available in all logistics activities i
39、s it correct or not?lA.Both B.Yes C.Not D.Not clearDC10l1.What are the main differences between traditional and modem logistics?lA.Containerization techniques lB.Information techniques lC.A and B D.GPA,EDT,POS and so onl l2.What is the logistics base module?lA.1200*1000mm lB.2591*2438 lC.600*400mm l
40、D.A,B and Cl3.What is the most important in logistics information system?lA.EDI B.POS C.GPS D.Bar CodeCCAl4.What is the function of internet to the logistics?lA.To direct the operation lB.To help the market development operation management lC.To guide the mobile equipment,like truck and ship lD.To s
41、peed up the processl5.The logistics standardization starts from the operation of()lA.Transportation B.Storage lC.Distribution D.Packaging BD11l1.What is the subject of the paragraph?lA.The international trade lB.The international transport lC.The international logistics lD.International economyl2.Wh
42、at is the same meaning as“Internationalization”?lA.Nationalization lB.Globalization lC.Integration lD.StandardizationCBl3.What is the meaning of trend?lA.General direction B.Developing road lC.Way D.Pathl l4.The international transport and the international logistics are same.Is it correct or not?lA
43、.Not mention in the paragraph lB.Not clear C.Wrong D.Right l5.The international trade needs the()to fulfill its transaction.lA.Tracks B.Logistics C.Ships D.AircraftsACB12l1.What is the same meaning of reverse distribution?()lA.Sales B.Sales and logistics lC.Returned logistics D.Back and forth l2.Wha
44、t is the meaning of recycle?()lA.Collect,treat and use again lB.Movement in a cycle lC.Return to original lD.Return goodsCAl3.Reverse distribution is the part of()lA.Environment B.The Earth lC.Environmental logistics D.Salesl4.Returned logistics is the goods flow()lA.From sellers to buyers lB.From b
45、uyers to sellers lC.From outside to inside of any company lD.From wholesalers-to retailersl5.Customers return the product because to lA.Quantity B.Quality lC.Quality control D.Quality unqualifiedCBD13l1.Third Part logistics provides()the logistics services.lA.Single B.Some C.Simple D.Alll2.Third Par
46、t Logistics is the()between the supplier and customerlA.Link B.Bridge lC.Middle D.Transportl3.The advantage of Third Part Logistics are()lA.Better service lB.Lower cost lC.Overall lD.A and Bl4.Third Part Logistics is more()than other logistics providers in operations.lA.Quick B.Fast C.Specialized D.
47、Exactl l5.What promotes Third Part Logistics developing its business?()lA.Outsourcing B.Transporting lC.Warehousing D.Distributing14l1.What is the main topic above paragraph?lA.Logistics must be globalization.lB.Logistics is developinglC.Logistics needs all nations involved in the world lD.Logistics
48、 activity is internationall2.Developed countries,like US,have moved the some manufactures to the developing countries Is it true or not?lA.Yes lB.Not lC.I dont know lD.Not mentioned in this paragraph l3.What is the NO.1 benefit from the global logistics for the developed countries?()lA.Market share
49、C.Raw material lC.Low cost D.Human resourcesl4.The main disadvantage is()in global logistics.lA.Unqualified products lB.Different languages lC.Transportation delayed lD.Unreliable delivery of goodsl5.How many flow are there in global logistics?A.One B.Two C.Four D.Three15l1.What is the meaning of in
50、tegration?lA.To link some separate factors as a wholes chain lB.United lC.To put together lD.Mixture l2.How many stages in the processing of logistics integration?()lA.One B.Two C.Three D.Four l3.What is PDM?()lA.Production distribution management lB.Physical distribution management lC.Processing di