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1、Unit3Unit3 Teenagers Teenagers should be allowed should be allowed to choose their own clothes.to choose their own clothes.Tuesday,Sep.27th,2013 Sunny by Zheng XiuxiaPeriod 1-2English is spoken by many people.Da Changjin is watched on TV by many people.The tickets about heroes are sold out.Rice is p
2、lanted in South China.He is said a good boy.Grammar被动语态被动语态 1.“语态语态”表示表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语中有英语中有“两态两态”的说法，即的说法，即主动语态主动语态和和被被动语态动语态，本单元中反复出现的，本单元中反复出现的should be allowed 就是一个含有情态动词（就是一个含有情态动词（should）的）的被动语态。被动语态。先看几个基本概念先看几个基本概念 主语是动作的发出者为主语是动作的发出者为主动语态主动语态 主语是动作的接受者为主语是动作的接受者为被动语态被动语态 只有及物动
3、词才有被动语态。只有及物动词才有被动语态。2.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成 一般现在时的被动语态为：一般现在时的被动语态为：主主am/is/are（not）过去分词）过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态为：一般过去时的被动语态为：主主was/were 过去分词过去分词如：如：Butter is made from milk.This house was built 100 years ago.The office is cleaned every day.The office was cleaned yesterday.现在进行时被动语态的构成为现在进行时被动语态的构成为 主语主语is/am/are
4、+being 过去分词过去分词 再如：再如：My car is being repaired now.Some new houses are being built near the park.公园附近在建一些房子。公园附近在建一些房子。现在完成时被动语态的构成为现在完成时被动语态的构成为 主语主语have/has been 过去分词过去分词 如：如：My key has been stolen.My keys have been stolen.I am not going to the party,I havent been invited.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态 情态
5、动词情态动词be过去分词过去分词 A note had better be left to him.Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes 这里我们列举了几个主要时态，那么其它时这里我们列举了几个主要时态，那么其它时态呢？态呢？一般将来时一般将来时 主语主语will be 过去分词过去分词 过去将来时过去将来时 主语主语would/should+be 过去分词过去分词 过去进行时过去进行时 主语主语was/were+being 过过去分词去分词 过去完成时过去完成时 主语主语had+been+过去分词过去分词 被动语态的被动语
6、态的时态时态是由是由be的时态决定的，的时态决定的，be是是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面动词后面的过去分词不变。的过去分词不变。归纳：归纳：肯定句肯定句：主语：主语be+过去分词过去分词(by)否定句否定句：主语：主语be not 过去分词过去分词(by)一般疑问句一般疑问句：Be 主语过去分词主语过去分词(by)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句：疑问词：疑问词be主语过去分主语过去分词词(by)3.被动语态的用法：被动语态的用法：（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用是谁，不用by动作执行者短语动作执行者短语 Such
7、 books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。这些书是为儿童写的。I havent been told about it.没有人告诉我这件事没有人告诉我这件事（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。短语。The cup was broken by David.（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型句型 Its/was said/believed/reported/+that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed i
8、n this earthquake.据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。4.主动语态变为被动语态主动语态变为被动语态 把主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是：把主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是：（1）把原句中的宾语变为主语）把原句中的宾语变为主语 （2）动词改为被动形式，即）动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词过去分词 （3）原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在）原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面，如果没必要，可省略。后面，如果没必要，可省略。注意事项：注意事项：主动语态变成被动语态应注意事项主动语态变成被动语态应注意事项 从主动语态到被动语态的过程中主语、谓从
9、主动语态到被动语态的过程中主语、谓语动词、宾语都发生变化。语动词、宾语都发生变化。注意主格与宾格的变化形式。注意主格与宾格的变化形式。注意主语的人称及数的变化对注意主语的人称及数的变化对be动词带来动词带来的影响。的影响。注意注意be动词的时态形式取决于原主动语态动词的时态形式取决于原主动语态的动词时态形式。的动词时态形式。5.被动语态的几种类型被动语态的几种类型 （1）有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，）有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有常见的接双宾语的动词有 通常这种句子可以改为以通常这种句子可以改为以“人人”当主语；和以当主语；和以“物物
10、”当作主语的两种被动语态。当作主语的两种被动语态。如：如：He gave me a book.I was given a book by him.（以（以I做主语）做主语）A book was given to me by Tom.（以物（以物book作主语）作主语）He teaches us English.We are taught English by him.（以人当主语）（以人当主语）English is taught us by him.（以物作主语）（以物作主语）（2）含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态）含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态 keep,make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足语，
11、三类的动词常常有宾语补足语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。We keep food fresh in the fridge.主主 谓谓 宾宾 宾补宾补 Food is kept fresh in the fridge.I saw him go into the office building.He was seen to go into the office building.英语中有英语中有“十大动词十大动词”的说法，即的说法，即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice，这些词在主动句中，其
12、后的动词不，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加，但变被动句时必须加to.（3）含有短语的主动语态变被动语态）含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词成短语动词的介词或副词They ta
13、ke good care of my child.My child is taken good care of.他们把我的孩子照顾得很好。他们把我的孩子照顾得很好。I turned off the radio.The radio was turned off(by me).附：动词短语的被动语态附：动词短语的被动语态 take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加
14、需再加by be covered with 用用覆盖着覆盖着 be interested in 对对感兴趣感兴趣 be surprised at 对对感到惊奇感到惊奇 be made of（from）用）用制造的制造的（4）由情态动词形成的被动语态）由情态动词形成的被动语态 含有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，在情态含有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面加上动词后面加上be动词即可，其句型如下：动词即可，其句型如下：肯定句肯定句：主语情态动词（：主语情态动词（can,may,must）+be+过去分词过去分词 否定句否定句：主语情态动词：主语情态动词not+be+过去分词过去分词
15、疑问句疑问句：情态动词（：情态动词（Can,May,Must）主语）主语be过去分词过去分词.如：如：We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet.Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet.Can you use it?你会使用它吗？你会使用它吗？Can it be used?6.不能用于被动语态的几种情况不能用于被动语态的几种情况 （1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。互代词时，不能改为被动语态。We often help ea
16、ch other.我们常常互相帮助。我们常常互相帮助。（2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have,like,take place,belong to）如：如：I like these flowers.我喜欢这些花。我喜欢这些花。I will have a meeting.不说不说A meeting will be had.应说应说A meeting will be held.填空（完成被动语态填空）填空（完成被动语态填空）1.They often clean their classroom after school.（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）Their
17、classroom _ often _ by them after school.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.（同上）（同上）A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.iscleanedwas given by3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.（同上）（同上）English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.4.I have learned English for about two years.（同上）（同上）Englis
18、h _ _ _ for about two years.5.They will publish these story-books next month.（同上）（同上）These story-books _ _ _ next month.can be spokenhas been learnedwill be published三三.用所给单词完成句子用所给单词完成句子 1.（the office/clean/yesterday）The office was cleaned yesterday.2.（the house/paint/last month）The house _ 3.（thre
19、e people/injure/in the accident）_ 4.（my bicycle/steal/a few days ago）_ 5.（when/this bridge/build?）_ was painted last month.Three people were injured in the accident.My bicycle was stolen a few days ago.When was this bridge built.6.（you/invite/to the party last week?）_ 7.（how/these windows/break?）_ 8
20、.（I/not/wake up/by the noise）_Were you invited to the party last week?How were these windows broken?I wasnt woken up by the noise.一一.被动语态专项练习：被动语态专项练习：选择填空。选择填空。1.In some countries,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served 2.Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980.A.have
21、 been taken place B.took place C.have taken place D.were taken place BC3.The new type of car is going to _ in three years.A.turn out B.be turned out C.has turned out D.have been turned out4.The woman murdered her friend and _ to _.A.was sentenced,death B.sentencing,die C.sentenced,death D.sentenced,
22、dieBA 5.Do you like the skirt?It _ soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt 6.Are you still here?You were here an hour ago.Who _ for?A.are you waiting B.did you wait C.were you waiting D.do you wait CA7._ to know Professor Zhang.A.He said B.I said C.He is said D.It says 8.I want to sit at the tabl
23、e near the window.Sorry,_ already.A.it took B.it takes C.it is taking D.it has been takenCD 9.The letter _ three days ago and it _ yesterday.A.had post,had arrived B.was posted,arrived C.posted,arrived D.had been posted,was arrived 10.He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday.A.is given
24、B.will be given C.would have given D.would be givenBD11.Water _ into ice.A.will changed B.must be changed C.should change D.can be changed 12.Plays _ twice a month in that theatre.A.put on B.are put on C.was put on D.often put on DB 13.The birds _ fly away last Saturday.A.let to B.is let to C.was le
25、t D.were let to 14.A strange sound _ yesterday evening.A.was heard B.hears C.heard D.is heard 15.A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates.A.sent to B.will sent to C.was sent to D.will be sent for DAC16.Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting.A.has been asked B.has been asked C.Have been asked D.h
26、ave been asked 17.Meat _ out in this shop.We can _ now.A.have been sold,get nothing B.has been sold,get nothing C.has been sold,get some D.have been sold,get someAB 18.The new play _ in theatre now.Why dont you go in and see it?A.is being shown B.is showing C.is shown D.shows 19.Can you tell _?A.whe
27、n did it happen B.when was it happened C.when it happened D.when it was happened AC 20._ the job _ by Lucy or by John?Tell me the truth,please.A.Has finished B.Has being finished C.Is finish D.Has been finishedD用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空 1.When _ the first man-made satellite _（send）up into space
28、?2.Last year vegetables _ (grow）in the garden by Tom and he _(sell）them himself.3.She _ （help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.4.How many magazines _ （can borrow）in your library every week?5.John _ （hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.6.Who _（save）her father?He _ （save）by that policeman.7.The do
29、ctor _ （send for）because his grandpa was ill.8.Moon cakes _ （make）by his mother every year._ your mother _（make）moon cakes for you every year?9.Some toys _ （buy）as a presents for these children last Monday.10._ paper _（make）of wood?二二.用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空 1.When _ the first man-made satell
30、ite _（send）up into space?2.Last year vegetables _ (grow）in the garden by Tom and he _(sell）them himself.3.She _ （help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.4.How many magazines _ （can borrow）in your library every week?wassentwere grown soldwill helpcan be borrowed5.John _ （hear）to go upstairs two h
31、ours ago.6.Who _（save）her father?He _ （save）by that policeman.7.The doctor _ （send for）because his grandpa was ill.8.Moon cakes _ （make）by his mother every year._ your mother _（make）moon cakes for you every year?was heardsavedwas savedwas sent forare madeDoesmake 9.Some toys _ （buy）as a presents for
32、 these children last Monday.10._ paper _（make）of wood?were boughtIsmadeWarming upWarming upSection ASection A学校规章制度学校规章制度What are the rules at our school?Can you arrive late for class?No,we cant.1)Dont arrive late for class.Dont be late for school.不准上课迟到不准上课迟到./上学迟到上学迟到vv1.Dont arrive late for class
33、.vv2.Dont run in the hallways.vv3.Dont eat in the classroom.vv4.Dont listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.vv5.Dont fight.2.Dont run in the hallways.Can you run in the hallways?No,we cant.不准在走廊里跑步不准在走廊里跑步.3)Dont listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.不准在教室里或走廊里听不准在教室里或走廊里听音乐音乐
34、.We can listen to music in the music room.4)Dont fight.不准打架不准打架.5)Dont talk in class.Dont talk with each other in class.不准在上课讲话不准在上课讲话.彼此之间不准在上课讲话彼此之间不准在上课讲话.Shop talking.6)Dont have long hair for boys.男生不准留长发男生不准留长发.Dont smoke.(No smoking)不准吸烟不准吸烟./禁止吸烟禁止吸烟!Dont fall in love.不准谈恋爱不准谈恋爱.电视不要看太晚电视不要看
35、太晚.Can you wear hats in school?Yes,we can.No,we cant.不要随地吐痰不要随地吐痰./spit/Dont sleep too late.不要太晚睡觉不要太晚睡觉.Dont eat in the classroom.不要在教室里吃东西不要在教室里吃东西.We can eat in the dining hall.What else do you have to do?1.1.Students Students should not be allowed toshould not be allowed to take mobile phones to
36、 school.take mobile phones to school.Do you agree?Or disagree?Do you agree?Or disagree?2.Students should be allowed to do 3.homework with friends.3.Students 3.Students should not be allowed toshould not be allowed to go out at night.go out at night.4.Students should not be allowed to take part-time
37、job.目标语言（目标语言（Target Language）1.I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.我认为应该允许我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。岁的孩子开车。2.I disagree.I think sixteen is too young.我不同意，我认为我不同意，我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了。岁这个年纪太年轻了。3.Do you think thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs?你认为应该允许你认为应该允许13岁的孩子们做兼职工作岁的孩子
38、们做兼职工作吗？吗？4.No,I dont.不，我认为不应该。不，我认为不应该。5.Anna is allowed to wear her own clothes.安娜可以选择自己的衣服。安娜可以选择自己的衣服。6.They are not serious enough at that age.那个年龄的他们不够稳重。那个年龄的他们不够稳重。7.What rules do you have at home?你家有什么规定吗？你家有什么规定吗？Well,Im not allowed to go out on school nights.噢，我在上学的晚上不能外出。噢，我在上学的晚上不能外出。Li
39、stening(1b:P18)Listening(1b:P18)1.Anna can go to the mall with John.1.Anna can go to the mall with John.2.Anna wants to get her ears pierced.2.Anna wants to get her ears pierced.3.Anna is allowed to choose her own 3.Anna is allowed to choose her own clothes.clothes.T TF FT TListening textListening t
40、extWomanWoman:So,what are you doing this:So,what are you doing this afternoon,Anna?afternoon,Anna?GirlGirl:Im going to the mall with John.:Im going to the mall with John.He just got his drivers license.He just got his drivers license.WomanWoman:Im sorry.You cant go with:Im sorry.You cant go with Joh
41、n.I dont think sixteen-year-John.I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.olds should be allowed to drive.GirlGirl:But I have to go to the mall.:But I have to go to the mall.Gabys getting her ears pierced Gabys getting her ears pierced and I want to watch.and I want to watch.WomanWo
42、man:I dont think sixteen-year-:I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.They might their ears pierced.They might be sorry later.be sorry later.GirlGirl:I agree,but its fun to watch.Is it:I agree,but its fun to watch.Is it OK if we take
43、the bus?OK if we take the bus?WomanWoman:Well,I guess so.:Well,I guess so.GirlGirl:Great!I want to buy a new:Great!I want to buy a new blouse at the mall,too.blouse at the mall,too.WomanWoman:What kind are you going to:What kind are you going to buy?Maybe I should go with buy?Maybe I should go with
44、you.you.GirlGirl:Aw,Mom.Im not a child.I:Aw,Mom.Im not a child.I think teenagers should be think teenagers should be allowed to choose their own allowed to choose their own clothes.clothes.WomanWoman:Well,I just want to be sure:Well,I just want to be sure you get something nice.you get something nic
45、e.Oral Practice(1c:P18)Oral Practice(1c:P18)Sample dialogue 1:Sample dialogue 1:A:I think teenagers should be A:I think teenagers should be allowed to go out with their allowed to go out with their friends.friends.B B:I agree.They are old enough.They:I agree.They are old enough.They can look after t
46、hemselves well.can look after themselves well.Sample dialogue 2:Sample dialogue 2:A:I dont think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.B:I agree.Its too silly to wear earrings in the school.Sample dialogue 3:Sample dialogue 3:A:I think students should be allowed A:I think stud
47、ents should be allowed to do homework with their friends.to do homework with their friends.B B:I disagree.They talk instead of:I disagree.They talk instead of doing homework.doing homework.Ex 1 Draw lines to make sentences.1 Little children shouldnt be allowed to2 Students should be allowed to3 Girl
48、s shouldnt be allowed to4 If you are late,you should be allowed to 5 Students shouldnt be allowed toa.play after class.b.go into the classroom.c.watch TV too long.d.smoke.e.wear skirts in P.E classbecadWrite about two things you are allowed to do and not allowed to do.Sample answers:1.Im allowed to
49、have some change with me.2.Im not allowed to have a fight with others.3.Im allowed to ask for a leave if Im sick in P.E lesson.4.Im not allowed to copy others homework.1 我认为应该允许我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。岁的孩子开车。2 我不同意我不同意,我认为我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了岁这个年纪太年轻了.3 你认为应该允许你认为应该允许13岁的孩子们做兼职工作岁的孩子们做兼职工作吗？吗？4.不，我认为不应该。不，我认为不应该。
50、5 可以允许安娜选择自己的衣服。可以允许安娜选择自己的衣服。6 那个年龄的他们不够稳重。那个年龄的他们不够稳重。7 你家有什么规定吗？你家有什么规定吗？噢，我在上学的晚上不能外出。噢，我在上学的晚上不能外出。1.I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive 我认为应该允许我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。岁的孩子开车。2.I disagree.I think sixteen is too young.我不同意，我认为我不同意，我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了。岁这个年纪太年轻了。3.Do you think thirteen-year-ol