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1、初中英语语法并列句的用法一、并列句的构成：并列句是由并列连词and，but，or，for，so等把两个或两个以上互不依从，但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。二、并列句的分类：1. 表示同等关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词and连接前后简单句，and常译为“和”、“并且”，也可不译出来。例如：He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。 Last year l met Kate and we became friends.去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。 2. 表示转折关系的
2、并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词but(但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等连接前后简单句，but常译为“但是”，“可是”，切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用。例如： It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。 School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家，而我则想
3、当科学家。Its raining hard, however, we must go out. 雨下得很大，然而我们必须出去。 3. 表示选择关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者，否则)等连接前后简单句。or有两重含义： (1)译为“或者”，表示选择。例如： Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。(2)译为“否则”、“要不然”，表示条件。例如： You must tell the truth，or you will be punished你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩罚。 4. 表示因果关系
4、的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词for，so等连接前后简单句。(1)for在意义上与从属连词because，since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构为：简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。例如：He has many good friends, for he is an honest man。他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的男子汉。(2)so意为“因此”、“所以”，但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词，而是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构为：简单句(原因) +so牛简单句(结果)。例如：
5、Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替二课。5. 其他形式的并列句(1)“祈使句+and+简单句”。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语常用一般将来时。例如：Use your head, and you will find away动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。(2)“祈使句+or+简单句”。祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。例如：Study hard, or you Will fall b
6、ehind the others努力学习，否则你就会落于别人。(3)“either.or”结构表示“不是就是”，“或者或者”，例如：Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事，或者我婶婶也可以做。习惯上将两个句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.(4) “not onlybut also”意思为“不仅而且”，例如：not only the students have missed the school car, but also the teacher has missed
7、the school car.不仅学生，而且他们的老师都误了校车。(5) “neithernor”结构，意为“既不也不”，“两者都不”，用法与（转载自中国教育文摘http:/www.edU，请保留此标记。）either or,not only but also相同。三、使用并列句要注意的几种情况1. 并列句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。例如：We fished all day; we didnt catch a fish.我们钓了一天的鱼，一条鱼也没钓到。2. 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。例如：My father wor
8、ks in a factory and my mother in a school.我父亲在工厂工作，母亲在学校工作。3. 由so, nor, neither连接的并列句，后一简单句为避免重复,其成份常倒装并省略一些。例如：He is not a student, nor am I. 他不是学生,我也不是。Beibei can swim, so can I. 贝贝会游泳,我也会。四、并列句练习题一、单项选择1 Work hard, _ you will pass the during test.A. or B. but C. because D. and2 Stop cutting trees
9、, _ the earth will become worse and worse. A. and B. then C but D. or3 They bought Granny a present _ she liked it very much. A. and B. so C. but 4 They all went to the cinema I didnt. A. get B. or C. but D. so5 Hello, Mr. Huang! Im sorry, I dont think I know you. A. and B. or C. but D. because6 The
10、 little boy is very young _ he can look after himself well. A. So B. but C. if D. or7 Bill put his hands behind his back, _ nobody could see his hands. A. so B. and C. or D. but8 Neither you nor I _ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be9 We get knowledge _from books _from life
11、. Yes, both are important. A. either；or B. not only；but also C neither；nor D. not；but10. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, he cant understand the instructions on the bottle Of the pills. （2003年河北省中考题）A. so B. or C. but D. for11. Can you play football? Yes, I can, I cant play very well. （2003年北京市海淀区中考
12、题）A. or B. and C. so D. but12. The war was over about three months ago, _the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with. （2003年上海市中考题） A. or B. and C. but D. so13. You must work hard, _ you will fall behind. （2003年黑龙江省中考题）A. and B. but C. so D. or14. Take exercise every
13、 day, _ you will become stronger and stronger. （2003年河南省中考题）A. or B. and C. but D. while15. Work hard, youre sure to be successful in this exam.（2005 西宁）A. and B. or C. but D. so16. Will you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid day is possible. Ill be busy next week. A. either B. neither C. both17.
14、Lily Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.（2005 吉林）A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or18. Be careful with your machine, youll be hurt. （2005 内蒙古）A. and B. but C. or D. so19. Didnt you give roses to your father on Fathers Day? Oh, not only my father,
15、 my grandpa got red roses.（2005 包头）A. or B. and C. but D. until20. How do you like the two pairs of shoes? They dont fit me well. They are too big too small.（2005 河南）A. not only; but also B. both; and C. neither; nor D. either; or21. (2009泰安) Can you help me with my business? Id like to, _ I have a
16、meeting to attend.A. because B. as C. but D. and22. (2009福州) I hear _ your grandpa _ your grandma like watching Min Opera.Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou.A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also23. Work hard, _ youll pass the English exam this time. A. or B. but C
17、. because D. and24. Its a nice house _ it hasnt got a garden. A. and B. or C. but D. so25. (2009江西)Help others whenever you can _ youll make the world a nicer place to live.A. and B. or C. unless D. but26. I have lost my pen. Use my pen. _.A. Here you are B. Here are you C. Here is it D. Here they a
18、re27. Hurry, _ we shall be late for school. A. and B. or C. but D. so28. She asked me to go, _ I went. A. for B. so C. but D. or29. The train didnt stop _ made us stay at school until 7 oclock in the morning.A. but B. so C. and it D. or30. She didnt like to play basketball, _ he likes singing and da
19、ncing. A. or B. but C. and D. so二、 在空格中填入适当的连词。1 She tried hard, she was unsuccessful.2 Put on more clothes, you may catch cold.3 You may do it yourself leave it to me.4 In the old days he could read write.5 He could read French speak it well.6 There is little hope of success there is no harm in try
20、ing.7 He knew nothing against the man; he didnt trust him.8 I cant buy a new suit now, this old one will have to do for a bit longer.9 I didnt know English, I had to ask someone to be my interpreter.10. She must be from Hunan, only Hunanese talk in that way.11. You walk ahead you know the way better
21、.12. She doesnt have to do it she doesnt want to.13. he was going over the notes, he made an important discovery.14. He got more and more excited he talked on.15. Give me a ring you need my help.16. We cant give you an answer we get instructions from our government.17. you take the medicine youll fe
22、el better.18. They fought bravely they knew theirs was a just cause.19. He went on fighting he was injured in the leg.20. Things didnt go smoothly we had expected.三、翻译下列句子。1. 努力学习，你会成功的。2. 赶快，否则我们会迟到的。3. 我正要出去，这时他来了。4. 他一到达火车站，火车就开了。5. 他是一个好学生，每个人都喜欢他。6. 他一个错误也没犯。7. 众所周知，他是一个著名的科学家。8. 听到这个消息，他们很高兴。9
23、. 直到他开始工作，他才意识到自己是错的。10. 无论怎样努力，她都无法把门打开。并列句强化训练题一.用适当的并列连词填空（and，but，so，for，or）。 1Go along the street， _ youll find the shop 2The weather was very cold， _ many people were ill 3People think we look the same， _ I can see that were different 4I know him _ I cant remember his name 5You may go with him
24、 _ stay at home 6Lets take the stone away， _ there may be an accident 7The shop was quite new， _ it had opened only the week before 8My glasses were broken， _ I need a new pair 二.选择填空。 1. Be careful, you will make mistakes in your exams I know that, Mum. One can never be too carefulA and B or C nor
25、D but2. Work hard, you may catch up with your classmates soon.A. or B. but C. and D. yet3. Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in Beijing in 2008? I dont think so. Now the young the old are learning to speak English.A. only, except B. either, or C. neither, norD. not only, but
26、 also4. you he is able to ski, but I am.A. Both, and B. Not only, but also C. Either, or D. Neither, nor5. Id like to go shopping with you, Im too busy today. A. but B. and C. so D. or6. Who in Toms family will come to your birthday party? Either Tom any of his sisters is coming.A. and B. but C. or
27、D. nor7. You watched the fashion show last night, didnt you? Yes, I missed the beginning. A. so B. and C. but D. then8. Lucy Lily may go to the concert with you, because they are not allowed to go out on school nights. A. Either; orB. Neither; nor C. Both; andD. Not only; but also9. Somebody is wait
28、ing outside. He wants to see you. no one knows Im here. A. For B. And C. But D. So10. Hurry up, you will be late for the film.A. yet B. and C. but D. or11Work hard， _ youll catch up with others Aand Bbut Cor Dfor 12Be quick， _ youll be late for the football match Aso Bbut CandDor 13We bought Granny
29、a present， _ she didnt like it Abut Band Cwhen Dif 14That was our first lesson， _ she didnt know all our names Afor Bbut Cso Dor 15The boy is only ten， _ he can do some washing himself Athough Bbut Cor Dso 16He is listening to the music _ she is washing clothes Aafter Bbefore Cthat Dwhile 17He is ri
30、ch， _ he isnt happy Aor Bso Cand Dbut 18 _ Saturday _ Sunday is OKI will be free in these two days AEither；or BNeither；nor CBoth；and DOne；the other 19MrZhang felt very tired， _ he needed a good rest Aand Bso Cor Dbut 20 _ human beings（人类） _ animals can live without air ANot only ；but also BBoth；and CEither；or DNeither；nor 21Have you got any brothers _ sisters？ I have a sister Anor Bor Cbut Dfor 22Be quick， _ youll be late for the football match Aso Bbut Cand Dor 23Jim is an American， _ he can speak very good Chinese Aif Bso Cbut Dbecause