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1、 简明当代英语语音2为什么为什么要学习音标？要学习音标？31.1.发发音准确，音准确，说说地道的英地道的英语语2.2.拼拼读读法法记忆单词记忆单词 3.提高自主学提高自主学习习性，增加性，增加词汇词汇量量 4.整体整体语语感提高感提高4最新国际音标简介第一单元1,学习英语首先是掌握英语音标，记录英语音素的符号叫作音标。音标通常放在两条斜线（/）内.2,英语语言在其发展的历史进程中产生了繁多的音标种类。而我们要学习的，同时也是教科书中所采用的最新“国际音标”。5第一节 国际音标简介3,最新“国际音标”共有48个音素,由发音时气流是否受阻可分辅音和元音两大类。在发音过程中由气流通过口腔或鼻腔不受阻
2、碍而发出的音叫元音;在发音过程中由气流通过口腔或鼻腔受阻碍而发出的音叫辅音.4,英语辅音和元音在英语语言中的作用，就相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。67+要想掌握好英语音标，我们要了解发音器官和发音部位，并学会运用舌，唇，软颚，硬颚等位置和形状的变化正确发出各种不同的音。为了更好的理解 各小结的发音要领描述，从而以正确的方式调动所需的发音器官，我们必须仔细学习下面的发音器官图。89+最新“国际音标”中元音音素共有20个，分为单元音和双元音两种。单元音即为发音时，舌位、唇形、开口度等始终不变的元音。双元音是由两个单元音组成，发音时由一个元音向另一个元音滑动，口型有变化的元音。+根据元音发音时舌位（即舌
3、的最高点的前后位置）变化可以把单元音分为前元音，中元音，后元音。1.舌位在口腔前部的时候发出的元音叫做前元音。2.舌位在口腔中部的时候发出的元音叫做中元音。3.舌位在口腔后部的时候发出的元音叫做后元音。10最新“国际音标”中辅音音素共有28个.+按发音时是否振动声带可分为浊辅音和清辅音两大类。英语辅音中有许多音素是清辅成对的，即发音时，两个音素的发音器官位置相同，只有声带振动与否的区别。11121，/i:/+例词：be meat sleepbelieve weak+发音要领：发音时，嘴角向两边张开，口型扁平，舌尖轻抵下齿，前舌部向上颚抬起，流露出微笑表情，发音时间持续较长。132./i/+例词
4、 big,fifty,city发音要领：发音时舌尖抵下齿，嘴唇微微张开，舌前部抬高，口型扁平，发音时间短促。143./e/+例词：fed best fresh Wedding+发音要领：发音时，张口程度比/i/大，上下齿之间可容纳一个食指尖，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。15+4./+例词：at have flat stand Saturday+发音要领：发音时，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，上下齿容纳两个指尖16发音练习:A:Beef or chicken?B:Let me see.Chicken for me,please.A:Tea or coffee?B:Tea for Lee and c
5、offee for me,please.A:Im pleased to meet you.A:Is it chicken?B:No,its cheeseA:Is it ready to eat?B:Yes,you neednt heat it before you eat.17+1.Jim gives Lily a big kiss+2.His little sister is sitting in the middle+3.It is still winter not spring yet.+Chant:+Two little kittens are sitting on the hill,
6、one is Bill,one is Jill.+Run away Bill,run away Jill.+Come back Bill,come back Jill.18DialogueA:Who is this fellow?B:He is TedA:Who is Ted?B:Hes my best pen-friend.A:How did you get to know him?B:You make a guess before I tell you.19+A:Hi!Hows your back?+B:Its getting btter,thanks+A:Well,Im glad to
7、hear that.+A:Whats the matter,Mary?+B:I had a bad day yesterday.+A:What happened?+B:I went shopping and lost my bag.A:I heard you got a pet,didnt you?+B:Yes,I got a cat from Ann+A:What does it look like?+B:Oh,its black and white205，/a:/+例词：art fast march party father+发音要领：发音时，舌身放低，后缩，舌后部拢起：口型张大，全开：声
8、带振动，发音延续较长。21+例词：saw born course talk morning+发音要领：发音时，舌身尽量降低并收缩，舌后部抬起;双唇收圆收小，并稍向前突，发音延续较长。22+例词：hot boss lost doctor want+发音要领：发音时，舌身尽量降低，并后缩，舌后部抬起：口型稍收圆，但不向前突出，发音短促。23+例词：do you tooth choose rule+发音要领：发音时，舌身后缩，舌后部尽量抬起：口型较小，较圆，更突出。发音延长。24+例词：book good put wood push+发音要领：发音时，舌身后缩，舌后部抬起;口型收圆，稍微突出，比/u
9、:/的口型稍放松，发音短促。25+Dialogue:+A:Where do you live,Mark?+B:I live in the Fifth Street near the National Park.+A:The National Park?Is it a large park?+B:Oh,yes.Its the largest park in the Canada.+A:By the way,is there a supermarket near your place?+B:Oh,yes.Theres a very large supermarket near my home.It
10、s also the largest in Canada.+1.The farm is far from the park.+2.Please park the car in the car park.+3.Its very hard to start the car.+4.It will do a lot of harm to the heart.26+Dialogues:+A:Can we have a dinner before you leave for the north?+B:Thanks.But we have more things to do before leaving+A
11、:What if you run into a storm in the sea?+B:Well wait till the storm is over.+A:Have you ever been in a storm before?+B:Yes.We ran into a storm last fall.1.I was bored to death by the boring job in the shop2.When the storm was coming,the ship had to call at a port3.The general managers office is on
12、the fourth floor at the end of the corridor.27+Dialogues:+A:Shall we go swimming,Mary?+B:Im not in the mood+A:Whats the matter?+B:My daughter is trying to stay away from school.+A:Thats why you are singing the blues.+B:Anyway,Ill have to work things out and put her back to school.1.The news is too g
13、ood to be true.2.This is a once in blue moon chance3.You must pull out the decayed tooth.4.He bought some fruit for the group.28+Dialogues:+A:May I have a look at the book?+B:Which book?+A:The book Jack gave you last week.+B:You mean the book on woodcarving?+A:Yes.I think its a very nice book.+B:But
14、 what do you want it for?+A:Not me.My husband wants it.He s big on woodcarving.2910，/+例词：up but dose just rough+发音要领：舌身后缩至口腔中部，舌后部稍抬起：双唇较扁，开口较大，发音短促。30/:/+例词：sir her third worth early+发音要领:发音时，舌位抬高，舌身放平，口型微张，双唇扁平，双唇肌肉较紧张，发音时间较长。31+例词：about again teacher paper river+发音要领：发音时，舌身放平，舌中部稍抬起；口型微开，双唇扁平，双唇肌
15、肉较放松。/在词首或词中发的较模糊，在词尾时应适当延长。32+Dialogue:+A:Look at this guy.He seems to have too strong lust for bucks.+B:But you cant go without money.+A:And one cant have bucks and love at the same time.+B:But few girls would love a man without bucks.+A:And few girls would love a man who only has bucks.+B:weller+
16、A:Trust me.Love built on money is not true love.33+Dialogues:+A:Who are these two girls,Mark?+B:I dont know.But one seems to be older than the other.+A:Sure.The one on the right is certainly older than the one on the left.+B:What is the girl on the left wearing?+A:She s wearing a mini-skirt+B:Where
17、are they?+A:They are in the church.34+Dialogue+A:Whats the name of this magazine?+B:Its the famous Time magazine.+A:The Time magazine?What is it called in Chinese?+B:Its 时代周刊 in Chinese.+A:Can people in China have access to the magazine?+B:Yes,they can.3536第三单元 双元音双元音/ei/13./ei/例词：eight day face gat
18、e pay+发音要领：发音由/e/向/i/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型由半开到半合，舌位随之抬高。37+A:Hey,Rachel.Did you take the test?+B:No,I couldnt make it.+A:How come you couldnt make it?+B:I went to see a Broadway Play.+A:What a shame!When will you take the makeup test?+B:Maybe in April or MayA:Mrs.Taylor is a good dressmaker,isnt she?B:Yes.T
19、he new dress she made is great.A:Maybe I need her to make one for me.B:Wait a minute,Jane.Its time to bake the bread.38+14./u/+例词：old so show note cold+发音要领：发音时，由/向/u/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型逐渐由半开到小而圆，舌位由半低到高。39+A:Im going to the grocery store.Would you like to go with me?+B:Sorry.I have to write a letter.+A:A
20、nything I can do for you?+B:Can you get some tomatoes for me?+A:OK.How many do you want?+B:One kilo.Thanks.40+15./ai/+例词：eye tie ride knife arrive+发音要领：发音时，由/a/向/i/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型从开到合，发此音时，注意将音发足。41+All day long the sun shines bright,+The moon and stars come out at night.+From twilight time they line
21、the skies.+And watch the world with quiet eyes.42+16./au/+例词：out how about cloud shout+发音要领：发音时，由/a/向/u/自然滑动，滑动过程中，双唇收拢收圆：口型由大到小，舌位由低到高，注意声音发足。43+A:I need someone to help me with the housework+B:What do you want him to do?+A:Well.Milk the cow,kill the mouse,wash the towel and clean the house.+B:How
22、could you find the one that could do these things well?+A:Thats what I am worried about.44+17./i/+例词：boy joy join enjoy spoil+发音要领：发音时，由/向/i/自然滑动，但不到/i/时，舌位就停止。滑动的过程中，双唇逐渐由圆变扁，口型由大变小。45+A:I want to buy a toy for Roy.+B:For Roy?You want to buy him another toy?+A:Why not?He enjoys playing with toys.+B
23、:He enjoys destroying toys,too.Youd better not spoil him.+A:We are going out tomorrow.Will you and your friends join us?+B:Thats a good idea,but I have an appointment.+A:I guess you are going to a joint adventure for a job interview.+B:Thats right.I dont think I will miss the chance.46+18./i/+例词：ear
24、 fear here clear near+发音要领：发音时，由/i/向/自然滑动，滑动过程中，/i/发音较清楚，/发音较模糊，双唇始终半开。47+A:Would you like to have anything to drink?+B:Yes.Id love to have some beer.+A:How do you like it,iced or without ice?+B:Without ice.I dont want to have the taste spoiled.+A:Here you are.+B:Thanks.Oh,its very good beer.+A:Im g
25、lad you like it.By the way,whats your plan for the summer holiday?+B:Ive no idea.Maybe Ill be going surfing with Jack.+A:What about going surfing together?+B:Thats a good idea.48+19./e/+例词:air care hair share parent+发音要领：发音时，由/e/向/自然滑动。第一个成分/e/有似于/ei/，但开口比/ei/大。滑动过程中，开口程度稍稍收小。49+A:Where will the tra
26、de fair be held,Jack?+B:The trade fair will be held in the Town Hall.+A:Why dont you go there for your pears?+B:I dont think we can sell the pears at such a trade fair.+A:Do you know that Mike has been meddling with your business?+B:Yes,I do.But I dont care what he has been doing.He wont harm us a h
27、air.+A:Does your boss know that?+B:Yes,he does.But Mike didnt seem to get in his hair.50+20./u/+例词：poor tour sure rural Europe+发音要领：发音时，由/u/向/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型由收圆变为半开。51+A:Its a pity that there are fewer and fewer well-preserved old structures.+B:Yes.And Im sure they will totally disappear in a few year
28、s time.+A:But tourists are not interested in the high-rise modern blocks.+B:The trouble is that people cannot see that point.52 辅辅 音音 第四单元531,/p/、/b/例词：pit pay open happy properBit blue baby bike better 发音要领：发音时，双唇紧闭，气流突然冲开双唇，冲出口腔。/p/是清辅音，声带不振动，/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。（/p/b/t/d/k/g/）542./t/t/、/d/d/例词：too take
29、tie touch right Do dirt card tired would发音要领：发音时，舌尖紧抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然张开，气流冲出口腔。/t/是清辅音，声带不振动，/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。553./k/./k/、/g/g/例词：kick book bike dock keep Gate get egg ghost girl发音要领：发音时，舌后部抬起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，气流冲开阻碍后，冲出口腔。/k/是清辅音，声带不振动，/g/是浊辅音，声带振动。56A:Peter,would you like to have a meat pie?B:No,thanks.Please p
30、our some water into the pot.Im thirsty.A:I love you,Miss Brown.B:Sorry,Mr Black.But I love Paul.A:Miss Brown,but Paul wont be a good husbandB:Maybe not.Will you be a good husband,Mr Black?A:You bet,Miss Brown.B:But this is just your own opinion.57Tongue twister:This is a hat,that is a capThis is a c
31、at,that is a rat.The cat is in the hat,the rat is in the cap58-ed 在/t/、/d/结尾的动词后发/id/He mended the radio for meThey boarded the plane on timeShe wanted to see the filmPaul admitted he made a mistake.592.如果词中有三个辅音相连，中间的/t/、/d/通常弱化甚至脱落Exactly，mostly,handbag,dustman,landlord3.如果前面的词以/t/或/d/结尾，而后面有辅音开头，
32、/t/h和/d/很容易脱落Next week,first sight,last night,bend back,old man,world wide.60-ed在清辅音结尾的动词后发/t/We walked for a long timeShe stopped and have a lookI reached school at 8.I missed my mother a lot.611 1，/f f/&/&/v v/例词：fly far wife off laugh Very village live over save发音要领：发音时，下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间的缝隙通过，摩擦成音。/f
33、/是清辅音，声带不振动；/v/是浊辅音，声带振动。622./2./&/&/例词：think thank thief mouth teeth This those then that发音要领：发音时，舌尖轻触上齿背部，气流从舌齿间的缝隙送出。/是清辅音，声带不振动，/是浊辅音，声带振动。633./s/&/z/3./s/&/z/例词：so sir pencil piece dress Zoo zone zero user close发音要领：发音时，舌端靠近上齿龈，气流从舌端 和齿龈间通过，形成摩擦音。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动，/z/是浊辅音，声带振动。644./4./&/&/例词：she sh
34、eep wish sure shy Pleasure vision division decision leisure发音要领：发音时，舌身抬起，靠近硬颚，舌端抬向上齿龈，形成狭长的通道，气流由此通过。双唇稍微收拢，并略突出。/是清辅音，声带不振动，/是浊辅音，声带振动。655./h/5./h/例词：he her how who ahead发音要领：发音时，口张大，在通过声门时，发出轻微的摩擦。气流经过口腔时，不受阻碍。/h/是清辅音，声带不振动。666./r/6./r/例词：run right cry bread red 发音要领：发音时，舌尖卷起，抬向上齿龈后部，但不发生摩擦，舌两侧稍收拢
35、。口型略突出，气流通过时，发生轻微的摩擦。/r/是浊辅音，声带振动。67A:What can I do for you?B:Im looking for a pair of earings.A:Well,here they are.The latest style.B:How beautiful!Ive never seen anything like them.A:Well,you can have them for eleven pounds.B:I think five is enough.A:What?Five pounds?B:Well,seven pounds,then.68A:C
36、ould you pass me that book,Catherine?B:Oh,you mean this one,father?A:No,not that one,the other one.Yes,thats it.B:There you are,father.Is that all?A:Yes,thats all for the moment.Thank you,Catherinr.69A:He has lots of hobbies.B:And he said hes always busy with his paintings and photographsA:Hes won a
37、 dozen prizes for his paintings and photographs.B:But as for his restaurant in the townA:He lets his cousin look after his restaurant.B:He sounds more like an artist than a businessman.70A:Sir,this will suit you.Its in a very fashionable shade.B:But I just need a simple shirt.A:This one,perhaps.Its
38、got some special sewing on the sleeve.B:Cant you show me a simple shirt in a ordinary shade?A:Why not try it on,sir?B:Perhaps I should try the next shop.71A:That gives us a lot pleasure.B:What do you mean?A:Well,the lost national treasures have come back.B:I heard of that,The national treasures were
39、 stolen.A:The detective cracked the criminal case and returned the national treasures.B:It seems that measures must be taken to protect the national treasures.72A:Carol,it was wrong of you to get your mother worriedB:Im so sorry Im late.But Henrys car broke down.A:You shouldnt go out with Henry.B:Bu
40、t I do love Henry.And Im going to marry him.A:Really,Carol,its a horrible decision.731./t t /&/d/&/d /例词：child check reach teach catchJob page June just judge发音要领：舌尖舌端抬高，贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍。气流冲出阻碍摩擦成音。口型略突出，稍微成方型。741./t t /&/d/&/d /例词：child check reach teach catchJob page June just judge发音要领：舌尖舌端抬高，贴住上齿龈后部
41、，形成阻碍。气流冲出阻碍摩擦成音。口型略突出，稍微成方型。752./tr/&/dr/2./tr/&/dr/例词：try tree trick true track Dry dream dread drop drive发音要领：舌身与/r/相似，舌尖向上卷起，并抵住上齿龈后部，气流冲出舌尖和齿龈之间的阻碍。双唇收拢，稍向前突出。763./ts/&/dz/3./ts/&/dz/例词：pets coats gets points wants Roads aids reads seeds lands发音要领：舌端贴住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流冲破阻碍，口型扁平。77A:Well have a pleasa
42、nt journey,I guess.B:Oh,its going to be a challenge.Having a journey by jetA:Take it easy.Just get some rest,John.B:Actually,Im a little excited.I ve never taken a jumbo jet.1.Great changes have taken place in China2.Jenny had chicken and French fries for lunch3.Jim urged uncle John to buy a digital
43、 watch.4.Jane enjoyed sandwiches very much.78A:How are you,Jane?B:Not bad,thanks.A:How about your children?B:Theyre doing fine.These are their pictures.A:How cute they are!Which one is the oldest child?B:Oh,he is.He is Charles.A:And what an angelic child!Who is that?B:Well,thats the youngest child.I
44、ts Jim.79A:What can I do for you?B:Well,Ill join a make-up party,so I want my hair strangely.A:No problem.The hairdresser is coming,But your hair is very dry,lets have a try toB：No,thanks,I just want to dress my hairstyle at once.A:Its too dreadful that so many people are crowding the train.B:Yes.An
45、d the traffic is too badA:My clothes are creased badlyB:But why not dress yourself casually?80A:Do you like keeping pets?B:Yes,I have two cats and one of them will have several kids next week.A:In that case,youll have another several new cats.B:Yes.There might be three or four.A:I would like to have
46、 one of your new catsB:No problem.A:Oh,I must prepare some pets thingsB:Well,Ill make a list for you.811，/例词：me my come tomorrow farm发音要领：发音时，双唇紧闭，软颚下垂，气流从鼻腔送出，在词尾时，略需延长，以防止吞音。（）82例词：need name know skin nice发音要领：发音时，舌尖紧贴上齿龈，软颚下垂，形成阻碍，气流由鼻腔送出，在词尾时，稍需延长，以防吞音。83例词：bank song singing long English 发音要领：发音
47、时，软颚下垂，舌后部向软颚抬起，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔送出。词未时，发音清晰有力，稍微延长。84/在元音前时在元音前时，发音清晰，舌端 抵上齿龈，气流从舌的一侧或两侧泄出。例词：late like long low close/在辅音前或词末时在辅音前或词末时，发音含糊。舌端也抵上齿龈，但是与清晰音相比，舌前部较低，舌后部较高，发音略长。例词：all sell pull little girl 851，/例词：we week want where would发音要领：发音时，舌后部向软颚抬起，舌位较高。口型收圆并稍向前突出，发音短促，一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动，起辅音的作用。（）86例词：yes you young yet year 发音要领:发音时，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起，双唇平展，口微开，舌面和硬颚稍有摩擦，该半元音一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动，起辅音的作用。87 英语最新“国际音标”发音讲解到此结束，望同学们课后认真练习，掌握发音规律，学好英语学科！谢谢，再见谢谢，再见88