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1、Unit 4 Looking good,feeling goodReading(2Reading(2)Language application in a news reportLanguage application in a news reportReviewA news report(新闻报道新闻报道)Language application in a news reportA news report(新闻报道新闻报道)因为其短小精练的篇幅、注重事实的风格，新闻报道一向是高考阅读理解命题组选择的宠儿，如2022年全国高考新高考I卷阅读理解 C篇伦敦养老院让老人们养母鸡来减轻孤独感。除了H-
2、L-B-T的新闻报道的阅读方式，新闻报道类文章的语言特点有哪些？Whats the language style in a news report?Language application in a news reportAdverbs in news reports 副词副词位置位置 对号入座对号入座A teenage girl fainted yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals.时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语时间状语时间状语1）时间、地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用
3、and或but等连词连接。3）多个副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。*时间副词可以放于句首，也可放于句尾，有时还可以放于动词前面；*地点副词经常置于句末，往往紧跟动词（+宾语）后；*方式副词主要放在动词（+宾语）的后面，在表示特别强调时，偶尔也可放在实义动词的前面，第一个助动词的后面；*频度副词在句中的位置比较灵活，可置于句首，也可置于句末，还可置于第一个助动词后。*疑问副词，连接副词，关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词，通常放在句子或从句的前面。Language application in a news reportPractice To raise students awareness
4、of labor,our school organized an activity to rebuild a deserted garden on campus last Friday.Over 60 students from each class took an active part in the activity.On/Upon arriving at the garden,all the students were divided into two groups.One group was responsible for weeding the garden and the othe
5、r group was in charge of planting flowers.After one and a half hours hard work,the activity came to an end.Tired as the students were,they had great fun and sense of achievement.The activity was thought/spoken highly of by all the participants and turned out/proved to be a great success.Not only doe
6、s it offer students an opportunity to get close to nature,but it also makes students realize the importance of labor.Language application in a news report*Sentence Adverbs-句子副词句子副词Fortunately,she was now out of danger.句子副词句子副词 句子副词（sentence adverb）顾名思义，指一个副词修饰整个句子的副词，是说话者对说话内容所持的态度、看法、评价或解释（an adver
7、b or adverbial phrase that expresses a writers or speakers attitude to the content of the sentence in which it occurs）。这类副词或副词性短语在句中作评注性状语。通常位于句首。Apparently,Apparently,there is nothing that cannot happen today.Mark Twain显然，今天没有什么事情是不会发生的。马克吐温常用的句子副词有（Common sentence adverbs include）：actually,apparen
8、tly,basically,briefly,certainly,clearly,curiously,evidently,fortunately,frankly,generally,honestly,hopefully,indeed,naturally,obviously,personally,possibly,probably,surprisingly,thankfully,truthfully,truly,undoubtedly,unfortunately,wisely Language application in a news reportPracticeCuriously enough
9、,a year later exactly the same thing happened again.说来也怪，一模一样的事情在一年以后又发生了。Accidentally,the gold mine was found in Africa.偶然间，在非洲发现了金矿。Basically,my words are not for those who are not serious about their future.基本上，我的话不是写给那些对未来不认真的人。Seriously,I only smoke in the evenings.说真的，我只晚上抽烟。Hopefully,you wont
10、 have any problems after reading this.但愿你读完这个后就不会有什么问题了。Evidently,it has nothing to do with social background.显然，这与社会背景毫无关系。Obviously,we dont want to spend too much money.很明显，我们不想花太多的钱。Frankly,I do not wish to stop them.坦白说，我并不想阻止他们。Honestly,youre impossible at times!说实话，你有时真令人难以忍受。Surprisingly,the
11、young musician plays well.令人惊讶的是，这位年轻的音乐家演奏得很好。Thankfully,the cars brakes functioned as they should.幸运的是，汽车的刹车功能正常.Certainly,the early years are crucial to a childs development.毫无疑问，幼年对儿童的成长至关重要。Clearly,there have been unacceptable delays.显然，出现了不可接受的拖延。Sadly,the forests are now under threat.可悲的是，森林现
12、在正受到威胁。Language application in a news reportPassive voice in news reportsPassive voice in news reports 通常，为了表现新闻报道的客观性，文章会更多地用被动语态来描述事件的发生过程，甚至是新闻事件的当事人的相关情况描述也是如此。不过，通常不会按英文的语态来翻译，也不用“被”字，而是要转成主动语态，或是其他除“被”以外的“被字句”。今日美国报道枪击案的伤亡人数时，就是这么用被动语态的：Ten people were killed and another seven injured Thursday
13、 after a 26-year-old gunman opened fire in a classroom at a community college here in southern Oregon.rush vt:常用被动态，be rushed to sp.&benefit vt/vi 及物不及物互为被动&suffer vt/vi 及物不及物均无被动&operate vt/vi 及物不及物意思不同 and was rushed to the hospital.Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar.Language a
14、pplication in a news report常用被动语态的那些动词们常用被动语态的那些动词们 英语的很多动词会常用被动形态，但是表达的往往是主动的意义。1.反身动词：反身动词(及物动词+反身代词)，其宾语为反身代词，表示动作返回到执行者本身，主语既是动作的执行者，又是动作的承受者。反身动词在被动结构中既是动作的承受者，又是动作的执行者，常用被动形态。常见的反身动词：seated、hidden、lost、dressed、devoted、determined、addicted、occupied、committed2.无需强调动作执行者的动词：有些动词不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，
15、或者需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。往往有两种被动语态形式：it is done that 或者 sb./sth.be done to do常见动词：said、believed、thought、found、supposed、expected3.表达情感的动词：delighted、satisfied、scared、pleased、confused4.被动祈使动词：be seated、get hurt、be prepared、be concernedLanguage application in a news reportSpeech in news reportsSpeech in
16、news reports 通常，为了表现新闻的客观性，文章会强调内容来源，要引述当事人的话。在很多情况下，句子的结构会是sb.said+that从句，而从句中常用各类语气（Speech）。华盛顿邮报报道一位19岁的女生描述当时的情形时，就是用以她的视角来呈现：Jasmine Davis,19,was in class when the gunfire began.She said that she heard one gunshot,followed by a 30-second pause,an argument and eight more shots from the classroom
17、 next door.thought that would :（虚拟语气）原以为用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所表达的只是说者的一种语气或愿景,或与事实相反.&expect/believe/suppose/plan/intend/meanThey say that “Jennifer thought that skipping meal would be.Language application in a news reportSpeech in news reportsSpeech in news reports 新闻报道中的另外一种引述方式，就是用accordin
18、g to+讲述的内容。这种句式通常会用于将一个人的话的意思提炼出来，更多地体现出话的重点和要点。华盛顿邮报引用一位当事学生的家长的话，内容则是他的女儿所说的。：According to Mr.Boylan,his daughter said the gunman told the Christians he killed that they were about going to see God in just about one second.According to:（悬垂结构）根据通常指的是根据别人或别处的观点、事实等，而不能根据自己的内容，所以它不能用于第一人称，同时也很少用于第二人称，而主要用于第三人称。因此，according to后习惯上不接view(看法)和opinion(意见)这类词，同时原则上只接名词或代词，不接句子。eg.Answer a fool according to his folly.以其人之道，还治其人之身。According to a recent survey of a senior high school students lifestyles.Thank you!