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1、初中情态动词专项复习初中情态动词专项复习Modal Verbsmustcan/couldhave/had tomay/mightused toought toshall/shouldwill/wouldneedhad better01 概念和特点02易混情态动词辨析03 常考点归纳目录CONTENTS04 具体用法 概念:概念:情态动词是表示情态意义的动词,表示说话人的语气和情态,情态动词是表示情态意义的动词,表示说话人的语气和情态,它不能单独作谓语,必须与实义动词一起构成谓语。它不能单独作谓语,必须与实义动词一起构成谓语。特点特点:情态动词有一定的意义情态动词有一定的意义 无人称和数的变化。
2、无人称和数的变化。除了除了oughtought和和havehave通常不带通常不带toto,后加动词原形,后加动词原形 表示说话人的语气或情绪(请求、警告、命令等表示说话人的语气或情绪(请求、警告、命令等)概念和特点概念和特点01表示能力,“能,会”。表示请求,许可,多用于口语,可与may互换。表推测的否定形式用cant,常用于否定句或疑问句。Eg:Lihuacantbeintheclassroom.Eg:Youcangonow.Eg:Canyouplaybasketball?Eg:IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.can/could用法用法表许可表推测表能力表过
3、去的能力02may/might表示推测,“可能,也许”,用于肯定句。表示请求,“许可,可以”。might表示说话更委婉,礼貌。注:表请求,许可时,主语为第一人称的一般疑问句,否定回答用mustnt/cant表“不可以,禁止”,不用maynot“可能不”。表示祝愿。Eg:Mayyousucceed!Eg:-MayIsmokeinthisroom?-Yes,youmay.-No,you_.Eg:Hemaycometomorrow.表祝愿表可能表许可cant/mustntshall/should用于第一、三人称表示征求意见,询问。表示说话人的态度,“命令,警告,允诺,威胁”。should表示劝告,建
4、议,“应该”。Eg:ShallI/weopenthewindow?Eg:Youshallfinishyourhomeworkfirst.Eg:Youshouldlistentoyourteacher.表征求意见表说话人的态度表劝告will/would用于第二人称表示询问,请求。表示意愿,决定,允诺,用于各种人称。would表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。Eg:Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?Eg:Willyoulendmethebook?Eg:Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.表委婉询问表询问请求表意愿表示“必须,应该”。表示推测,肯定句中,表“一定”
5、。mustnt表示禁止,“不允许”Eg:Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.It_beJim.以must开头的疑问句,肯定句回答用must,否定回答用neednt/donthaveto,表示“不需要,不必”。mustmust-Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?-Yes,youmust.-No,you_.neednt/donthaveto情态动词:+do,用need提问或回答,肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用neednt.Eg:NeedIcometoschooltomorrow?实义动词:+todo,需要做某事,用助动词提问和否定。
6、+doing表示被动=sth.need to be done.需要做某事needEg:Myclothesneedwashing.=Myclothesneedtobewashed.Ineedtowashmyclothes.Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.must1)must必须,表示说话人的主观看法。03易混辨析易混辨析musthave to2)haveto不得不,表示客观需要。Imustcleantheroombecausetherearetoodirty.Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyispoornow.(无人强迫)(无耐)表示推测、可能
7、性表示推测、可能性might-may-must也许、可能、一定1Hemightbeverybusynow.2Hemaybeverybusynow.3.Hemustbeverybusynow.辨析辨析1.YoureTomsgoodfriend,soyou_knowwhathelikesbest.2.-AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane?-Iamnotsure.I_takeatrain.mustmay可能性递增可能性递增had better do 最好做某事否定:hadbetternotdoEg:Youhadbetterstayathome.be able to与can表示能力
8、时用法相同,但前者有时态的变化,有能力成功做某事。Eg:Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.辨析辨析hadbetterbeableto&can 句型句型肯定回答肯定回答否定回答否定回答Can IYes,you can.No,you cant.May I Must I Yes,you must.Need IYes,you must.情情态动词态动词开开头头的疑的疑问问句的答句的答语语04考点考点Yes,you may.No,you mustnt.No,you cant.No,you neednt.No,you dont have to.No,you neednt/don
9、t have to.常常见见情情态动词态动词的否定用法的否定用法04考点考点否定形式含义及用法例句LilycantbeathomebecauseIsawhergooutjustnow.Youmustntplayfootballontheroad.Weshouldntwastewater.cantmustntshouldnt表示推测意为“不可能”意为“一定不要,不允许”意为“不应该”常常见见情情态动词态动词的否定用法的否定用法04考点考点意为“不需要”意为“最好不要”neednthad better notMustIfinshmyhomeworknow?No,youneednt.Youhadbe
10、tternotsmokebecauseitshadforyourhealth.Sayings1.Friendsmustpart.2.Acatmaylookataking.3.Biteoffmorethanonecanchew.天下无不散的宴席。猫也有权晋见国王。贪多咽不下。/贪多嚼不烂。1.-_youspeakJapanese?-No,Icant.A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Should2.You_stopwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need3.LiLeicantgohikingwithustoday.Becausehe_tak
11、ecareofhissickmother.A.hastoB.mayC.mustntD.needtACA4.Thelightintheofficeisoff.Theteacher_betherenow.A.mayB.cantC.mustntD.must5.Hisparentsboughthimalargehouse.It_beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustntD.cantBA6.-MustItakethekeyboardtotheofficenow?-No,you_.Youcandoitlater.A.mustntB.cantC.dontD.neednt7.-Ma
12、yItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?-No,you_.Youmustreadithere.A.maynotB.donthavetoC.mustntD.needntDC 8.-Howisyourfriendscoming?-Imnotsure.He_drivehere.A.mayB.canC.mustD.Will9.-ShallItellBobthenews?-No,you_,Ivetoldhimalready.A.shouldntB.wouldntC.mustntD.neednt10.Wedbetter_athome.A.stayB.stayingC.tosta
13、yD.stayed11.youtellmewheretheMarketis?A.WouldB.MustC.ShouldD.HaveADAAASummaryv 1.常用情态动词的用法常用情态动词的用法v 2.表猜测的情态动词表猜测的情态动词may,cant,must.v 3.情态动词开头的疑问句的答语情态动词开头的疑问句的答语v 4.易混淆的情态动词易混淆的情态动词have to&must;might,may&must can&be able to;补充:补充:need的用法;的用法;had better 的用法。的用法。Homework根据今天所学知识,请做一根据今天所学知识,请做一份情态动词的思维导图。份情态动词的思维导图。Thank you!结束!结束!