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1、人教版高中英语选修八人教版高中英语选修八Unit1-A-land-of-Unit1-A-land-of-diversity-Language-diversity-Language-points-points-课件课件(共共5151张张PPT)PPT)WRODS AND PHRASES1)Every possible means have been tried to prevent air pollution,but the sky isnt still clear.2)All possible means has been tried,but none worked.hashavemeansm
2、eans 表示表示“方式，方法方式，方法”时，单复数同形，当时，单复数同形，当means 作主语且有作主语且有every,each等修饰时，谓语动等修饰时，谓语动词用单数；由词用单数；由some，several，few,many等修饰等修饰时，谓语动词用复数。时，谓语动词用复数。by means of.用用.方法；借助方法；借助by all means 一定，务必，当然可以一定，务必，当然可以by this means 通过这种方式通过这种方式by no means 决不（位于决不（位于句首部分倒装句首部分倒装）in this/that way 用这种方法用这种方法with this meth
3、od 用这种方法用这种方法approach to(doing)sth.做某事的方法，途径做某事的方法，途径用用means,method,way,approach的适当形式的适当形式填空。填空。1.He thought of an efficient approach to the study of English idoms.2.He solved the problem by this means.3.She tried to find a way to solve the puzzle.4.We have no better ideas,so lets try your method.2.
4、Of the first Spanish to go to California,the majority were religious men,majority n.大多数大多数 e.g.The majority were/was for the plan.1)the majority of the people:most of the people 大多数人大多数人2)majority常与常与a/the 连用连用(1)the/a majority of名名词词,表表示示“大大多多数数”。谓谓语语动动词的数与词的数与of后面的后面的名词相一致名词相一致。the majority单独作主语时单
5、独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。谓语动词用单复数均可。(2)in the/a majority 占多数占多数(3)minority n少数少数 in the minority占少数占少数(4)major adj.主要的，较大的主要的，较大的 n.主修课主修课 vi.主修主修 major in 主修，以主修，以.为专业为专业 1.你大学要学什么专业你大学要学什么专业What do you intend to major in at university?2.我们班大多数学生学习都很努力。我们班大多数学生学习都很努力。The majority of the students in our cla
6、ss are hardworking.The majority in our class is/are hardworking.The majority _ in favor of banning smoking.The majority of the students _ hardworking.The majority of the damage _ easy to repair.was/wereareislive on1.以以.为主食为主食 live on rice 2.靠靠.生活生活 live on ones salary3.继续存在或生存继续存在或生存 Mozart is dead
7、but his music lives on.live through 经历经历live up to 符合；不辜负符合；不辜负live with 忍受（耐）；与忍受（耐）；与.一起生活一起生活 用用live的短语填空的短语填空1)Mozart is dead but his music _.2)My grandfather _both world wars.3)We should work hard and try to _ our parents expectations.4)The brave girl is learning to _her disability.lives on liv
8、ed through live up to live with继续生活；存在继续生活；存在;靠靠为生为生经历经历不辜负不辜负接受并忍受接受并忍受make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等习惯于新的生活方式、工作等make/earn/get a living 谋生谋生lead/live a.life come to life 有生机的；有活力的有生机的；有活力的bring.back to life 苏醒过来；恢复生气苏醒过来；恢复生气1.They went to the West and decided to make a life there.2.The rescue team bro
9、ught the baby back to life.援救队使婴儿苏醒过来了。援救队使婴儿苏醒过来了。distinguish v.区分；辨别区分；辨别distinguish A from B=tell A from Bdistinct adj.(常与常与from 连用连用)distiction n.差别；区分；卓著差别；区分；卓著make/draw a distinction 区分开来；区别对待区分开来；区别对待by the time 到到.的时候的时候（常引导状语从句常引导状语从句）By the time I went to bed,I was exhausted.By the time I
10、 got back to school,the bell had rung.By the time she arrives,we will have finished the work.by the time+将来时间，主句将来时间，主句 will have done.by the time+过去时间，过去时间，主句主句 had done.1.当他当他14岁的时候，他就已经自学数学了。岁的时候，他就已经自学数学了。By the time he was fourteen years old,he had learnt maths all by himself.2.我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
11、我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。By the time we reached the station,the train had left.elect v.选择；决定做某事；选举某人选择；决定做某事；选举某人elect sb.as/to be+职务职务 选某人为选某人为elect to do sth.=decide to do sth.elect sb.to do sth.选某人干某事选某人干某事election n.选举选举区分：区分：choose,select,elect keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗，传统等）坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗，传统等）Wherever Jews live
12、together,they keep up old customs.keep up with 跟上，赶上，和跟上，赶上，和.保持同步保持同步keep off 避开，不接近避开，不接近 keep away(from sb./sth.)远离；勿靠近远离；勿靠近keep back 阻挡，抑制阻挡，抑制keep on doing sth.继续干继续干keep out(of)避开，不卷入避开，不卷入,阻止进入阻止进入1.TV helps us keep up with the world.2.You must keep away from the fierce dog.3.The medicine sh
13、ould be kept out of the reach of children.4.请勿践踏草坪。请勿践踏草坪。Keep off the grass.5.He shut the windows to keep the cold _outoccurvi.发生发生;出现出现sth.occurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起某事某人突然想起某事It occurs/occurred to sb.thatclause某人突然想起某人突然想起It occurs/occurred to sb to do sth某人想起做某事某人想起做某事 An idea occurs/hits/strik
14、es to sb.某人突然想到一个主意某人突然想到一个主意区分区分happen/take place/come about/break out 1.Her name just did not _ to my memory.2.The conference_ in the Great Hall of the People yesterday.3.When the professor asked him questions,he_ to have fallen asleep.4.The World War II_ in 1939.5.It suddenly _to me that the rich
15、 man was murdered by his own daughter.6.How does it_that he is always so busy?occurtook placehappnedbroke outoccurredcome aboutindicate v.指出；标示；表明；暗示指出；标示；表明；暗示indicate that.示意，表明示意，表明indication n.指示；象征，预示指示；象征，预示 1.KingstonuponThames,(正如其名称所示正如其名称所示)_，is located on the banks of the Thames.2.There a
16、re clear_ that the economy is improving.as the name indicatesindicationsteam up with 与与.合作或一起工作合作或一起工作Its a pleasure to team up with such excellent workers.keep up with come up with bring up with put up with end up with 1.If you do that,youll end up with failure.2.I cant put up with his bad temper.3
17、.Could you come up with some practical advice?hire v.租用；雇用租用；雇用 (短期租借，雇短期租借，雇)They hired five more hands for the rice harvest.hire out 出租（东西）出租（东西）I often hire my car out to others when I dont use it.hire oneself out 受聘于，受雇于受聘于，受雇于He hired himself out to whoever needed his sevices.n.租借；租用；租赁租借；租用；租赁
18、bicycles for hire,2$an hour a car hire firm 1.The club took in a new member last week.2.The child was easily taken in by the cheat.3.If you cannot take in the meaning of the word,you can refer to your dictionary.4.The dress needs to be taken in a bit.包括；吸收包括；吸收欺骗欺骗领会，理解领会，理解改小改小take in take away tak
19、e offtake uptake downtake on take overtake back 拿走；消除（痛苦等）拿走；消除（痛苦等）脱下；起飞；成功；流行脱下；起飞；成功；流行拿起；开始从事；占据拿起；开始从事；占据写下，记下；拆除写下，记下；拆除呈现；承担；雇用呈现；承担；雇用接管；接替接管；接替收回；使回想起收回；使回想起用用take短语完成句子短语完成句子1)The kind old lady offered to _ the poor homeless stranger.2)Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to _ the job.3
20、)In the last ten years,the town has _ a new look.4)When Mr.Green retired,his son _ the business from him.5)The young lady_ overnight.take in take up taken on took over took off6)Until today we havent found a better approach that can _ exams in education.take the place ofslipvi.(slipping，slipped，slip
21、ped)滑动；滑行；滑动；滑行；滑跤滑跤 n.滑倒；小过失；滑动滑倒；小过失；滑动slip into悄悄进入，溜进去；悄悄塞进悄悄进入，溜进去；悄悄塞进slip away 悄悄溜走悄悄溜走slip out of 意外地从意外地从滑出，掉出；溜出去滑出，掉出；溜出去slip down 滑倒滑倒letslip 错过错过；失去；失去slip sth to sb 偷偷地给，把偷偷地给，把.塞给塞给 温馨提示温馨提示 slideslide和和slipslip都有都有“滑滑”之意之意,但是但是slideslide是有意地是有意地“滑，滑，平稳而顺畅地滑行平稳而顺畅地滑行”，slipslip则指的是不由自主
22、地则指的是不由自主地“滑，滑滑，滑倒倒”。1)I talked to him about it.We continued like this for a few minutes before I _the conversation.2)Seeing the big crowd coming towards him,he started to run down the hill,but _ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.slipped into slipped不知不觉地转入（某种状态）不知不觉地转入（某种状态）l
23、ive on;make a life;keep up;by means of;take in;mark out1)Although her husband died,the old lady_ for many years with an optimistic attitude.2)They succeeded_ hard working.3)Although many students listened to the lecture,I wondered how much they _.4)Nowadays,many young people from the countryside are
24、 going to big cities to _ for themselves.5)Being a journalist,you need to _ with the current affairs and be devoted to writing.6)In the wild,different cats usually _ their own area,so other cats know to stay away.live onmake a lifekeep upby means oftook inmark outapparent adj.It is quite apparent(=o
25、bvious)that.显然显然.;.是显而易见的是显而易见的apparently adv.1.Its _ to me that he is against the plan.2.Mary sat there _ absentminded.3._,our team is winning the football team.apparentapparentlyApparentlyapply v.运用；请求；申请运用；请求；申请apply(to sb.)for sth.apply sth.to.把把.涂在涂在.apply to 运用运用apply oneself to 专心；致力于干专心；致力于干
26、.application n.应用；申请应用；申请applicant n.申请人申请人1.如果你致力于手头上的工作，你不久会完成它如果你致力于手头上的工作，你不久会完成它的。的。If you apply yourself to the job in hand,youll soon finish it.2.这项新技术应用于农业。这项新技术应用于农业。The new technology was applied to farming.3.他正在向银行申请贷款。他正在向银行申请贷款。He is applying to the bank for loan.fight for 为事业为事业,自由自由,真
27、理真理,权利等而斗争权利等而斗争(战斗战斗)fight for,fight against&fight withe.g.They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。他们正为自由而战。fight against(可用可用with)the enemy“为反对为反对而斗争而斗争”；接人和国家名词，；接人和国家名词，意思是意思是“与与战斗战斗”fight with sb.也可表示与某人并肩作战也可表示与某人并肩作战fight a war/battle 打一场战争打一场战争5.Some died or returned home,but most remained in
28、 California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部分人留在了加利福尼亚，尽管遇到了很分人留在了加利福尼亚，尽管遇到了很大的困难，也开始了新的生活。大的困难，也开始了新的生活。make a life 开始新的生活开始新的生活e.g.They go to big cities to make a life.关于关于 life的短语：的短语：earn/make/get a living 谋生谋生lead/live a.life 过着过着.的生活的生活6.
29、It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,人们认为很快民族就会大融合在一起，人们认为很快民族就会大融合在一起，从而没有了非常明显的主要种族或文化从而没有了非常明显的主要种族或文化 群体之分。群体之分。分析分析 a.it is believed that.表示表示“人们认人们认为为”，其中，其中it是是_，真正的，真正的主语主语是后面的是后面的_。b.so.that.
30、如此如此以至于以至于，其中，其中 that引导引导_。形式主语形式主语that从句从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 mix vt./vi.混合、掺和混合、掺和(combine so that they cant be separated)mix A with B 1)He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint.2)It is better to mix work with pleasure.3)Oil doesnt mix with water.联想记忆：联想记忆：mixture n.混合物混合物 mixed adj.混合的混
31、合的,复杂的复杂的,男女混合的男女混合的e.g.The city is a mixture of ancient and modern buildings.Hearing the news,I had mixed feelings.A mixed society includes people of different classes,tastes,etc.He is famous for _ Chinese traditional music _ western performance forms and instruments.mixing with nationality 国籍国籍,民族
32、民族 1)What is your nationality?Im Chinese.2)to take American nationality 加入美国国籍加入美国国籍1.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California,no one really knows.分析分析 a.本句是一个主从复合句本句是一个主从复合句,也是个也是个_。b.主句是主句是 _,从句是从句是_引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。c.在宾语从句中在宾语从句中,what引导的从句作介引导的从句作介 词词in的的_。no one rea
33、lly knows倒装句倒装句when宾语宾语考点考点 exactly精确地，恰好，完全。可构成精确地，恰好，完全。可构成not exactly，表示，表示“一点也不，不完全是一点也不，不完全是”。2.However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.考点考点 此句中的此句中的it是是_,真正真正的主语是后面的的主语是后面的_。另外。另外,what,how,where,who等也常用作等也常用作 主语从句的主语从句的_。形式主语形式主语
34、that从句从句引导词引导词3.That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.考点考点 why在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可由由what,where,when等引导。等引导。4.Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period,it was the building of the rail network from the west to the
35、east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了来了,但是更大批量的中国移民却是在但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。岸的铁路而来的。点拨点拨 此句为主从复合句此句为主从复合句,从句为从句为although引引导的让步状语从句导的让步状语从句,主句为主句为 it was.that强调句强调句,用来强调主语用来强调主语the building of.。如：。如：It
36、 was being invited to the party that was a great honor to the family.被邀请参加聚会是这家人的荣幸。被邀请参加聚会是这家人的荣幸。强调句强调句:It is(was)被强调部分被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语宾语和状语。和状语。原句：原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语：强调主语：It was my father who did the experim
37、ent in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语：强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间：强调时间：It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.(注意不用注意不用when)强调地点：强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.5.In more rec
38、ent decades,California has become home to more people from Asia,including Koreans,Cambodians,Vietnamese and Laotians.最近几十年最近几十年,加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家人的家,其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。越南人和老挝人。这是一个简单句。句中有这是一个简单句。句中有in the past few years,in recent years等时间状语时等时间状语时,句子的谓语动词通常用句子的谓语动词通常用_，如，如:In
39、the past ten years,great changes have taken place in my hometown.另外另外,including是介词是介词,意为意为“_”。现在完成时现在完成时包括包括(于于之中之中)1.What n_ are you?I am Chinese.2.Only a few of them thought highly of the plan.The _(大多数大多数)were against it.3.The Taiwan _(海峡海峡)separates Taiwan Island from the mainland.I.根据下列各句句意及所给单
40、词的首字母根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。写出各单词的正确形式。nationality majorityStrait4._(移民移民)in the 1980s was very high.5.Radio and television are important m_ of communication.6.The unemployment _(百百分比分比)keeps rising.7.R_(种族的种族的)conflicts still exist in many countries.Immigrationmeans percentageRacial
41、1.He crossed the river _ a raft.2.She hopes to _ from writing childrens books.II.用所给词组的适当形式填空。用所给词组的适当形式填空。by means ofmake a lifemake a life by means of declare war on fight against keep up settle in be forced into doing3.I _ taking a taxi because the last bus had left.4.They _ the enemy bravely to
42、gain their freedom.5.Were a little disorganized after the move,but do come and see us when weve _.was forced into fought against settled in6.Lets hope the sunny weather _ for Sundays football match.7.Germany _ France on 3rd August 1914.keeps up/will keep updeclared war on1.现在的人，大部分似乎喜欢玩电脑现在的人，大部分似乎喜
43、欢玩电脑而不喜欢看电视。而不喜欢看电视。(a majority of)2.最快的交通工具是飞机。最快的交通工具是飞机。(means)III.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。成英语。A majority of people today seem to prefer playing computer to watching TV.The quickest means of travel is by plane.3.很有可能他不会按时参加晚会。很有可能他不会按时参加晚会。(It is likely that.)4.大家都相信汉语将会在全世界得到更大家都相信汉语将会在全世界得到更广泛的传播。广泛的传播。(It is believed that.)It is likely that he will not take part in the party on time.It is believed that Chinese will be spread even more widely in the world.Review the important words and phrases we have learnt today.结束结束