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1、动名词的用法动名词的用法Module OneModule One语法点的讲练语法点的讲练动名词动名词Grammar 什么是非谓 语动词啊？“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。3谓语谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。e.g.He works.He takes care of the baby.He will go to Shanghai.He didnt go to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.You are stude
2、nts.You look smart.单谓语或动词单谓语或动词短语短语情态动词情态动词/助动助动词词+v.系动词系动词+表语表语概念：概念：非谓语动词：非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分.一个句子一个句子一个句子一个句子当中，当中，当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词又没有连词又没有连词的情况下的情况下的情况下的情况下,其它动词需用非谓语动词形式其它动词需用非谓语动词形式其它动词需用非谓语动词形式其它动词需用非谓
3、语动词形式使用条件使用条件使用条件使用条件:Eg:She got off the bus,left her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus,but leaving her handbag on her seat.leavingleft非谓语动词动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式动名词的定义动名词的定义它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing,动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、
4、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。动名词的时态和语态的基本形式动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以：（以write为例）为例）时态时态语态语态一般时一般时完成时完成时主动语态主动语态writinghavingwritten被动语态被动语态beingwrittenhavingbeenwritten注意：动名词的否定形式是：注意：动名词的否定形式是：notwriting/nothavingwrittenV-ing形式的构成方式：形式的构成方式：1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾 ing。eg.go goi
5、ng;do doing;ask asking;read-reading study studying;carry carrying;fly flying;worry worrying;2.在以不发音的在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后，去掉结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加，再加-ing。e coming live living dance dancing make making 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x除外），除外），然后再加
6、然后再加 ing.sit sitting;run running;begin beginning;forget forgetting 4.在少数几个以在少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词后：须将结尾的动词后：须将ie 变作变作y，再加，再加-ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明这些动词词典一般均注明)eg.die dying;tie tying lie lying 性质性质 主语主语 表语表语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 定语定语 状语状语动名动名词词n.pron.动名词能在句中充当什么成分？动名词能在句中充当什么成分？动名词的基本用法动名词的基本用法用作主语用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。所表
7、动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指）（泛指）/Toplaywithfireinthisroomisveryfangerous.(表具体一次动作）表具体一次动作）Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.注意：注意：动名词做主语，有时先用动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。1)Itisnouse/good/useless+doing2)Itisawasteoftime+doing3)Itisfun+doing在以上两种
8、结构中常用动名词作主语。在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收）覆水难收）Thereisnojokingaboutthematter.Itisfunplayingwithchildren.和孩子们一起玩真好。和孩子们一起玩真好。2.用作宾语用作宾语1）作动词的宾语）作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动有：用不定式。常见的此类动有：advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,appreciate,
9、dislike,finish,imagine,include,keep,keepon,mind,miss,delay,practise,resist,suggest,.giveup,cannothelp dependon,thinkabout,setabout,succeedin,worryabout,burstout,insiston,cantstand,beusedto,getusedto,devoteto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,getdownto等。如：等。如：1.Thebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrates.
10、2.ItisbetterforyoutopractisespeakingEnglisheveryday.Ifounditpleasantwalkingalongtheseashore.在海滩上在海滩上走真是乐事。走真是乐事。为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：的动词的顺口溜：避免，错过，（少）延期避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid,miss
11、,postpone/putoffsuggest,finish,practiceenjoy,imagine,canthelpadmit,deny,envyescape,risk,excusestand,keep,mind2）作介词的宾语）作介词的宾语Wearethinkingofmakinganewplanforthenextterm.我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shallwehavearestorgetdownto_(do)ourwork?我们休息呢还是开始干活？我们休息呢还是开始干活？Despitetheylackmoney,hisparentssenth
12、imtoagooduniversity.Hewaslateagainbecauseof_(get)uplate.Lockthedoorsandwindowsbeforegoout.What/Howaboutthetwoofus_(play)games？doinglackinggettinggoingplaying注意：注意：to在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。be/getusedtolookforwardtogetdowntopayattentiontodevoteoneselftoleadtocontributetoobjectto（反对）（反对）
13、turntoseetosticktoEg:1.Letsgetdowntopreparingfortheexam.2.Mostofusknowweshouldcutdownonfat,butknowingsuchthingsisntofmuchhelpwhenitcomestoshopandeat.shoppingeating3)动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：giveup,canthelp,feellike,beworth,bebusy,setabout,putoff,thinkof，insiston等等1.Shecanthelpcryingatthesadsight.
14、试比较：试比较：IamsobusyandIcanthelpcleantheroomnow.2.Doyoufeellikehavingabreak?试比较：试比较：Iwouldliketohaveacupofteanow.4)既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：1)意意思相同的动词：思相同的动词：5)likehatebeginstartcontinueintendpreferloveEgItcontinuedraining/torainhard.2)意思发生变化的有：意思发生变化的有：1.remember/forget/regrettodo动作尚未发生动作
15、尚未发生doing动作已经发生动作已经发生2.trytodo设法、努力去做，尽力设法、努力去做，尽力doing试试去做（看有何结果）试试去做（看有何结果）3.meantodo打算做（主语一般是人）打算做（主语一般是人）doing意味着（主语一般是物）意味着（主语一般是物）4.stop/goontodo停下去做另外一件事停下去做另外一件事doing停止做手头的事情停止做手头的事情1.He tried_(stand)up but failed.2.Lets try_(tell)him about the sad news.3.2.I regret _(tell)you that I cannot
16、come.4.I really regret_(miss)his lecture.5.3.I meant_(buy)some bread,but I forgot.6.Wasting time means_(kill)life.7.4.I forgot _(wake)him up this morning.8.He forgot _(turn)the light off and went back to have a check.9.5.Shall we go on _(discuss)the next question of insurance?10.After a short rest,h
17、e went on _(write)the same letter.11.6.Please remember_(give)my best regards to your family.tostandtellingtotellmissing/havingmissedtobuykillingtowaketurning/havingturnedtodiscusswriting5.）need,require,want作作“需要需要”解解时时,后接动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语,主动形主动形式表示被动意义式表示被动意义,相当于相当于to be done。如：如：The radio needs/
18、requires/wants repairing/to be repaired.另外：另外：deservedoing=tobedoneEg:1.Suchatroublemakerdeservestobepunished/punishing.2Whoeverhasdonesuchathingdeservestobefiredfromourclubsoonerorlater.3.动名词做表语：解释前面的名词动名词做表语：解释前面的名词1.Your task is cleaning the windows.=Cleaning the windows is your task.2.What I hat
19、e most is being laughted at.3.Her first delight was going to the Tower.4.动名词做定语：动名词做定语：a walking stick=a stick which is used for walkingA washing machine=a machine for washingA reading room=a room.）动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构）动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构Wouldyoumind_（我开窗户吗）？（我开窗户吗）？Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?my/me称为动名词的逻
20、辑主语称为动名词的逻辑主语IcantunderstandJack/Jacksleavinghiswife.Icantunderstandhis/himleavinghiswife.Jacks/Hisleavinghiswifeisunbelievable.动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构动名词的几个注意事项动名词的几个注意事项动名词的复合结构动名词前可以加一个 物主代词或 名词所有格来表示 这个动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语1).形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词/名词所有格名词所有格+动名词动名词在句中作主语在句中作主语/宾语宾
21、语:Maryscominglatemadeherteacherangry.Doyoumindmysmoking?Doyoumindmyreadingyourpaper?Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.Rosesgoingwontbeofmuchhelp.2).人称代词宾格人称代词宾格/名词名词+动名词动名词在句中作宾语在句中作宾语:Imsureofhimcomingontime.Hehasneverheardofawomanbeingapilot.IdontmindJack(him)going.Shehatesyoungpeople(th
22、em)smoking.2.动名词的被动形式动名词的被动形式:beingdoneTheofficersnarrowlyescaped_(kill)inthehotbattle.3.动名词的否定形式：动名词的否定形式：notdoingnothavingdoneYouwillbepunishedfornotfinishingyourhomeworkontime.beingkilled1.Thenewsthatourteamhadbeendefeatedwasdisappointed.2.LucydoesntmindtolendyouherMP3.3.Aftertakehismeasure,theyd
23、ecidedtogivehimtheposition.4.IstillremembertakentoShanghaiwhenIwasachild.disappointingdisappointinglendinglendingtakingtakingbeingbeingCorrect the mistakes in each sentence.Correct the mistakes in each sentence.5.Iamnotusedtobespokentolikethat.6.Wewouldappreciatetohearfromyousoon.7.Peoplesometimesca
24、nthelptobuysomethingtheywontneed.8.IcanhardlyimaginePetersailsacrosstheriver.9.Tonywasveryunhappyforhavingnotbeeninvitedtotheparty.beingbeinghearinghearingbuyingbuyingsailingsailingnotnot havinghaving选择题：选择题：1.Mywatchneeds_,butIhavenotimetogototowntohaveit_.A.torepair;repaired B.toberepaided;repairi
25、ngC.repairing;repairedD.beingrepaired;repaired2.Youshouldapologizetoyoursisterfor_herthetruth.A.tellingB.nottellingC.tellingnotD.nottell3.-Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot_itoff.A.turning B.turnC.toturn D.havingturned4.Hearingthebadnews,themothercouldnthelp_.A.tocryB.cryingC.cryD.cries5.Ourteachertoldustospendsometime_Englisheveryday.A.topractisespeakingB.practisingspeakingC.topractisetospeakD.practisingtospeak6.Itisnouse_withoutdoing.A.topromiseB.promisingB.C.promiseD.tobepromisedHomeworkFinish all the exercises in Word Study and Grammar in the textbook and the workbook.