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1、八年级下册英语课件八年级下册英语课件Unit2-Grammar-focusUnit2-Grammar-focusUnit2SectionAGrammarFocus短语动词短语动词Grammar 短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词。词，这种组合称之为短语动词。动词动词+介词介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词,后面必后面必须接宾语。须接宾语。Lookattheblackboard,ple
2、ase!请看黑板！请看黑板！此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有listento,dependon/upon,lookfor,dealwith,lookafter,takeafter,waitfor等。等。短语动词的构成基本有下列几种短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:动词动词+副词副词此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词,也也可以用作不及物动词。可以用作不及物动词。Igetupveryearlyeverymorning.我每天早晨都很早起床。我每天早晨都很早起床。注意注意:当此类短语动词用作及物动词时当此类短语动词用作及物动词时,如果如果宾语是名词宾语是名词,可以将其放在短语的
3、后面可以将其放在短语的后面,也也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是代可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是代词词,则必须将其放在动词和副词之间。则必须将其放在动词和副词之间。Heputonhisclothesquickly.=Heputhisclothesonquickly.他快速地穿上了衣服。他快速地穿上了衣服。Pleasewakemeupatfivetomorrowmorning.请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我。请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我。此类短语动词还有：此类短语动词还有：cleanup,cheerup,giveout,eatup,fixup,giveup,giveaway,handout,helpou
4、t,putoff,putup,takeoff等。等。动词动词+副词副词+介词介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。Wererunningoutofwater.我们的水快用光了。我们的水快用光了。此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有comeupwith,dowellin,lookforwardto,lookdownupon,lookoutof,putupwith等。等。动词动词+名词名词+介词介词此类短语动词的意义取决于名词此类短语动词的意义取决于名词,而不是动而不是动词词,修饰时不用副词而用形容词。修饰时不用副词而用形容词。Weshouldtakegoodcareofou
5、rparents.我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有makeuseof,takepridein,makefriendswith,payattentionto等。等。4aFillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.1.Iwantto_myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.Imtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto_atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedtovolu
6、nteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff3.Ourclassistryingto_someideasto_sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto_signsaroundtheschooland_noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_themoneyfromthesal
7、etohomelesspeople.putup张贴张贴；搭建；搭建 Heputupsomesignsaskingforoldbikes.他他张贴张贴了一些了一些寻寻求旧自行求旧自行车车的告示。的告示。Theyquicklyputupatent.他他们们迅速地搭建了一个迅速地搭建了一个帐帐篷。篷。Iboughtanicepictureand_onthewall.A.putupitB.putitupC.putupthemD.putthemup【点拨】【点拨】选选B。代替。代替anicepicture应用代词应用代词it,排除排除C、D两项；两项；putup是是“动词动词+副词副词”构构成的短语动词
8、，代词作宾语时应置于短语中成的短语动词，代词作宾语时应置于短语中间。间。putoff推推迟迟；拖延；拖延 Wecantputoffmakingaplan.我我们们不能推不能推迟迟制制订计订计划。划。(1)putoff“推推迟迟；拖拖延延”，是是由由“动动词词+副副词词”构构成成的的短短语语动动词词，其其后后可可接接名名词词、代代词词或或动词动词-ing形式作形式作宾语宾语。(2)当当代代词词作作宾宾语语时时，要要放放在在动动词词和和副副词词中中间间。类类似似的的短短语语动动词词还还有有：putup,fixup,callup,cheerup,writedown,giveout,handout等。
9、等。Themeetingisveryimportant.Wecant_.A.putoffitB.putitoffC.putitupD.putitaway【点点拨拨】选选B。句句意意：这这次次会会议议非非常常重重要要，我我们们不不能能推推迟迟。putoff“推推迟迟；拖拖延延”，代代词词作作宾语时宾语时，要置于，要置于put与与off之之间间。4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspendMostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs
10、_lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando_others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway_ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevensto
11、pdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear_toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.4cCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.1.Idliketovolunteer_.2.At12:00a.m.,Icalledmyfriend_.3.ImverybusybutIcouldhelp_.4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant_.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentsto
12、ldme(not)_.根据句意及括号内的汉语提示根据句意及括号内的汉语提示,用短语的正用短语的正确形式填空。确形式填空。1.Cantyou_(想出想出)abetterexcusethanthat?2.Yourdesksaretoodirty.Youshould_(打扫它们打扫它们)atonce.3.Theschoolhas_(开办开办)aspecialclasstohelppoorreaders.thinkupcleanthemupsetup4.Weshouldtryourbestto_(使她开心起来使她开心起来).5.Whocan_(想出想出)agoodideaforourparty?6.T
13、heteacher_(挂起挂起)aChinesemaponthewalloftheclassroomyesterday.7.Therearesomepeople_(分发分发)papersattheshoppingcentereveryday.cheerherupcomeupwithputupgivingout/handingout根据汉语意思完成下列句子。根据汉语意思完成下列句子。1.这房间太脏了这房间太脏了,请把它打扫干净。请把它打扫干净。Thisroomistoodirty.Please_.2.让我帮你做家务活吧。让我帮你做家务活吧。Letme_you_yourhousework.3.露西
14、露西,你能帮我把地图张贴到墙上吗？你能帮我把地图张贴到墙上吗？Lucy,couldyouhelpme_themaponthewall?cleanituphelpwithputup根据句意根据句意,从方框中选择正确的短语从方框中选择正确的短语,并并用其正确形式填空。用其正确形式填空。hangoutwritedownhandouttakeafterfixupworkoutaskforrunoutoftakeawayfrom1.Dontworry.Iwillhelpyou_yourcomputer.2.Theproblemistoodifficultformeto_.3.Whoishelpingth
15、eteacher_thestudentshomework?hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfromfixupworkouthandout4.Ihavetwochildren.Mysonlookslikemeandmydaughter_hermother.5.Pleasewaitaminute!Illgetapento_yourtelephonenumber.6.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,youcan_help.hangout,writedown,handout,t
16、akeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfromtakesafterwritedownaskfor7.Thesebooksmustnt_thelibrary.8.Ilike_withmyfriendsafterschool.9.Haveyou_allofyourmoney?hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfrombetakenawayfromhangingout/tohangoutrunoutof短短语动词语动词单项选择单项选
17、择1.You are so handsome.I think youmight_yourfather.A.lookafterB.takeafterC.lookupD.lookfor2.Mypetdogislost.Couldyoupleasehelpme_?A.lookitforB.lookthemforC.lookforitD.lookforthem3.Thecomputerdoesntwork.Lets_.A.fixupitB.fixitupC.fixupthemD.fixthemup4.Bobcantbuyanynewbooksbecausehehas_hismoney.A.runout
18、B.runoutofC.ranoutD.ranoutof5.Thetreeisverytall.Icant_now.A.getdownB.turndownC.getoutD.turnoff6.Imgoingonvacation.Couldyouplease_mydogwhileIamaway?A.takecareB.takecareofC.tookcareD.tookcareof7.Youmustpayattention_yourpronunciation.A.atB.withC.toD.in8.Ithinkparentsshouldbestrict_theirchildren.A.isB.a
19、boutC.ofD.with【2011山东济宁】山东济宁】18.-Couldyoupleaseprovideus_someinformationaboutthestudentshealth?-Ofcourse,itsmypleasure.A.toB.ofC.fromD.with答案：答案：D【解析】介词的用法。【解析】介词的用法。providesb.withsth.意为意为“向某人提供某物向某人提供某物”，为固定短语。，为固定短语。故选故选D。【2012福建福州】福建福州】Itwassuchafunnyshowthatpeoplecouldnthelp_againandagain.A.laug
20、hB.tolaughC.laughing【解析】考查固定搭配。【解析】考查固定搭配。canthelpdoingsth.意为意为“禁不住做某事禁不住做某事”，此处句意为：，此处句意为：这是一场如此有趣的表演这是一场如此有趣的表演,以至于人们忍不以至于人们忍不住笑了一次又一次。故选住笑了一次又一次。故选C。【2012贵州贵阳】贵州贵阳】Whenyouleavethereadingroom,youshouldrememberto_thelights.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnoff【解析】考查动词短语的用法。【解析】考查动词短语的用法。turnon意意为为“打开打开”；turn
21、down意为意为“关小关小”；turnoff意为意为“关上关上”。根据句意：当你离开阅览。根据句意：当你离开阅览室时，你应该记住把灯关上。故选室时，你应该记住把灯关上。故选C。【2012安徽省】安徽省】-Smokingisbadforyourhealth.-Youreright.Idecideto_.A.takeitdownB.finditoutC.turnitoffD.giveitup【答案】【答案】D【2012甘肃鸡西市】甘肃鸡西市】Mygrandpaissleeping.Willyouplease_theradio?A.turndownB.turnupC.turnon【答案】【答案】A【
22、2012湖北黄石】湖北黄石】Weshouldlearnhowto_wellwithpeoplearoundus.A.getalongB.getdownC.gettoD.getup【答案】【答案】A【2012湖北湖北荆州】荆州】Idontthinkwecanfindanewdaytoworkouttheproblem.Butwedbetternot_.A.endupB.handoutC.giveupD.putout【答案】【答案】C【2012浙江杭州】浙江杭州】Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Lets_.A.puthimupB.sethimupC.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup【答案】【答案】C【2012重庆市】重庆市】Youdonthavetoworryaboutme.Imoldenoughto_myself.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookupD.lookat【答案】【答案】ADotheotherexercisesinthispart.结束结束