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1、关于过去完成时详细讲解课件第一页，本课件共有34页The present perfect tense（现在完成时）（现在完成时）Have/has+the past participleI have received a letter from Lily recently.Has he handed in her homework yet?He has just gone to Beijing.They have never been to the USA.We have lived here for ten years.第二页，本课件共有34页过去完成时使用要点：过去完成时使用要点：1两个动作
2、都发生在过去。两个动作都发生在过去。2一个先发生，一个后发生。先发生的动作用过去完成，一个先发生，一个后发生。先发生的动作用过去完成，后发生的动作用一般过去。后发生的动作用一般过去。Audrey had put all her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry.Audrey had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.Audrey had won an Oscar for Best Actress already when she
3、 won the Tony Awards.former action later action later action former action former action later action 第三页，本课件共有34页Which happened first?1.Millie ran back to school.Millie left her magazine in the classroom.2.Simon left school late.The football game started late.3.Daniel arrived out of breath.Daniel w
4、ent to the wrong cinema.becausebecausebecauseMillie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom.Simon left school late because the football game had started late.Daniel arrived out of breath because he had gone to the wrong cinema.第四页，本课件共有34页Which happened first?1.Millie r
5、an back to school.Millie left her magazine in the classroom.2.Simon left school late.The football game started late.3.Daniel arrived out of breath.Daniel went to the wrong cinema.becausebecausebecauseMillie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom.Simon left school late
6、because the football game had started late.Daniel arrived out of breath because he had gone to the wrong cinema.第五页，本课件共有34页4.Amy lost her purse.Amy went to the police station.5.The program was on for half an hour.I got home.6.She learnt many English words.She came to our school.afterwhenbeforeAmy w
7、ent to the police station after she had lost her purse.The program had been on for half an hour when I got home.She had learnt many English words before she came to our school.第六页，本课件共有34页Something in Greens family yesterdayMr.Green got up at 6:30 a.m.Mrs.Green got ready for the breakfast before 6:3
8、0 a.m.Mrs.Green had got ready for the breakfast when Mr.Green got up at 6:30 a.m.第七页，本课件共有34页Something in Greens family yesterdayJim finished his homework at 7:00p.m.Mr.Green drove back home at 7:30 p.m.Jim had finished his homework when his father drove back last night.第八页，本课件共有34页Something in Gree
9、ns family yesterdaySara finished her computer work at 12:00 p.m.Jim went to sleep at 10:00 p.m.Jim had gone to sleep when Sara finished her computer work.第九页，本课件共有34页past perfect tense（过去完成时）（过去完成时）由由had+过去分词过去分词构成构成 表示过去的过去生的动作表示过去的过去生的动作 构成方式构成方式:肯定句肯定句:had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 否定句否定句:had not+过去分词过去分词一般
10、疑问句一般疑问句:had+主语主语+过去分词过去分词肯定回答肯定回答:Yes,主语主语+had.否定回答否定回答:No,主语主语+hadnt.第十页，本课件共有34页基本用法基本用法:1.1.过去完成时表示在过去某时或某个动作之前过去完成时表示在过去某时或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态或表示经历或经验发生的动作或存在的状态或表示经历或经验.(1)我说自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰我说自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰 而生气而生气.辨别：辨别：自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰而生气自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰而生气.I said mother had been angr
11、y about your laziness since we moved here.Mother has been angry about your laziness since we moved here.第十一页，本课件共有34页The film had begun before we got to the cinema.(2)我到达电影院之前电影早已经开始了我到达电影院之前电影早已经开始了.第十二页，本课件共有34页2.2.过去完成时表示过去某一时间以前开始一直延续过去完成时表示过去某一时间以前开始一直延续到那个时间并可能延续下去的动作。常和到那个时间并可能延续下去的动作。常和byby或
12、或since,forsince,for引导的表时间的从句或短语连用引导的表时间的从句或短语连用,但必但必须要与一个表示过去时的动作相对照须要与一个表示过去时的动作相对照.1)1)他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年。他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年。辨别：辨别：他已经在那所学校工作了三年。他已经在那所学校工作了三年。He had worked in that school for three years before he came to our school.He has worked in that school for three years第十三页，本课件共有34页我到达电
13、影院之前电影早已经开始了我到达电影院之前电影早已经开始了.The film had begun before we got to the cinema.2 2）当当MillieMillie到达电影院的时候到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始了半电影已经开始了半个小时了个小时了.The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.第十四页，本课件共有34页3）到到2005年，我在这工作已经五年了。年，我在这工作已经五年了。试比较：试比较：By the year 2005,I had worked her
14、e for 5years.我在这工作已经五年了。我在这工作已经五年了。I have worked here for 5 years.到目前为止，我在这工作已经五年了。到目前为止，我在这工作已经五年了。By now,I have worked here for 5 years.到上学期末为止，我在这工作已经五年了。到上学期末为止，我在这工作已经五年了。By the end of last term,I had worked here for 5 years.到下学期末，我将完成学业。到下学期末，我将完成学业。By the end of next term,I will finish school
15、.第十五页，本课件共有34页3.3.过去完成时表示在某一动作之前已经完成过去完成时表示在某一动作之前已经完成的动作的动作.过去的时间由过去的时间由before,after,whenbefore,after,when引导的时间从句表示出来引导的时间从句表示出来.1.1.我在你回来之前就已经把晚饭准备好了我在你回来之前就已经把晚饭准备好了.2.2.当我赶到学校时当我赶到学校时,已经开始上课了已经开始上课了.3.3.在我到家之前他已经走了在我到家之前他已经走了.I had finished cooking dinner before you came back.The class had begun
16、 when I got to school.He had left before I got home.第十六页，本课件共有34页试比较试比较：I had finished cooking dinner when you came back.1.1.你回来的时候，我已经把晚饭做好了你回来的时候，我已经把晚饭做好了.辨别：辨别：你回来的时候，我正在做晚饭你回来的时候，我正在做晚饭.所以所以没时间和你聊天。没时间和你聊天。I was cooking dinner when you came back.So I had no time to talk with you.第十七页，本课件共有34页试比
17、较试比较：2.2.在我到家之前，他已经走了。在我到家之前，他已经走了。He had left before I arrived home.He was getting ready to leave when I arrived home.辨别：辨别：当我到家的时候，他正准备离开。当我到家的时候，他正准备离开。第十八页，本课件共有34页4.4.在在told,said,knew,heard,thoughttold,said,knew,heard,thought等动等动词引导的宾语从句中，一般用过去完成时。词引导的宾语从句中，一般用过去完成时。1.1.她说她从来没有去过巴黎。她说她从来没有去过巴黎。
18、She said(that)she had never been to Paris.2.2.我觉得我以前见过他。我觉得我以前见过他。I thought that I had seen him before.3.Tom3.Tom说他借了这本书两周了。说他借了这本书两周了。Tom said he had borrowed the book for 2 weeks.kept第十九页，本课件共有34页试作比较试作比较：昨天我见到王先生了。昨天我见到王先生了。自从他离开北京我们就一直未曾见过面。自从他离开北京我们就一直未曾见过面。I saw Mr.Wang yesterday.We had not se
19、en each other since he left Beijing.自从他离开北京我们就一直未曾见过面。自从他离开北京我们就一直未曾见过面。We have not seen each other since he left Beijing.第二十页，本课件共有34页5.5.表示意向的动词，如表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,hope,wish,expect,think,mean,supposethink,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表等，用过去完成时表示示“原本原本，未能，未能”。1.1.结果比我们结果比我们原来原来想象的要好。想象的要好。The result
20、 was better than what we had expected.2.我们我们原本原本期望你会来的，但是你没有来。期望你会来的，但是你没有来。We had hoped that you would come,but you didnt.第二十一页，本课件共有34页过去完成时与现在完成时的区别过去完成时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响果或造成的影响,与现在有关与现在有关.其结构是其结构是have/has+have/has+过去分过去分词词;过去完成时过去完成时则是一个相对的时态则是一个
21、相对的时态,它所表示的动作不它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去仅发生在过去,更强调更强调”过去的过去过去的过去”,只有和过去的某时只有和过去的某时或某动作相比较时或某动作相比较时,才用到它才用到它.到目前为止我已经学会了到目前为止我已经学会了30003000个单词个单词.到那时我已经学会了到那时我已经学会了30003000个英语单词个英语单词.I I have learnedhave learned 3000 English words 3000 English words so far/till now.so far/till now.I I had learnedhad learned 3000
22、 English words 3000 English words till then.till then.第二十二页，本课件共有34页过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时与一般过去时的区别1.1.时间状语不同时间状语不同过去完成时在时间上强调过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去过去的过去”，而一般过去时只强调过去，而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间某一特定的时间.They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.(说明不到点就在车站了）说明不到点就在车站了）They arrived at the station at ten yesterda
23、y.(说明点到车站的）说明点到车站的）第二十三页，本课件共有34页2)2)在没有明确的时间状语做标志时，谓语动在没有明确的时间状语做标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断，词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时去时I had finished my homework before my mother came back.在妈妈回来前，我已经把作业写完了。在妈妈回来前，我已经把作业写完了。第二十四页，本课件共有34页)当两个或两个以上的动作用当两个或两个以上的动作用and或或but连连接时，按时间顺序
24、接时，按时间顺序只需用一般过去时代替过只需用一般过去时代替过去完成时；另外在引导的从句中由于这些连去完成时；另外在引导的从句中由于这些连词本身已经表示时间的先后，因此也可以用词本身已经表示时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时过去时来代替过去完成时He entered the room,turned on the light and read an evening paper.I(had)called her before I left the office.第二十五页，本课件共有34页总结：总结：1 两个动作都发生在过去，但有先后顺序。比较明显的时间词是两个动作都发生在过去，但有先后
25、顺序。比较明显的时间词是when,before,after.注意注意when引导的过去进行时。引导的过去进行时。2 by,till,up to引导的时间引导的时间 by the end of last term,last month 过去完成时过去完成时 next term,this term 一般将来时一般将来时 by now 现在完成时现在完成时3 句子中出现句子中出现for,since引导的时间，必须有引导的时间，必须有he said,he told me,he knew等一般过去时作为参照，才能使用过去完成时。等一般过去时作为参照，才能使用过去完成时。4 语境题。要根据前后句意来判断。
26、语境题。要根据前后句意来判断。He didnt go with me,because he had been there before.第二十六页，本课件共有34页一次性动词与延续性动词的替换一次性动词与延续性动词的替换begin,start(表上映表上映)=be on,begin,start to do=doend,finish=be over open=be openclose=be closed,buy=haveborrow=keep,died=be deadleave(sw)=be away(from sw)get to know=know,come,go=be join=be in,
27、be a member of arrive,get,reach=bebecome interested in=be interested intake a walk/rest=have a walk/restreceive/get a letter from sb,hear from=have a letter from sb第二十七页，本课件共有34页More practiceWhen I arrived there,they_(leave)already.The film_(start),when we got to the cinema.I _(read)the book before
28、I started school.They thought that they_(try)their best.The poor girl never saw her grandpa because he _ (pass away)before she was born.I _ (not realize)she wasnt Chinese until she spoke.He _(not see)the film yesterday,because he _(see)it already before.had lefthad startedhad readhad triedhad passed
29、 awayhadnt realized didnt seehad seen第二十八页，本课件共有34页选择填空()1.-“Did you see Tom at the party?”-“No,Mary told me that he _ by the time I got there.”A.left B.was leaving C.had left D.has left()2.He said that he _ his lunch yet.A.hadnt had B.hasnt had C.wouldnt have D.was having()3.By the end of last year
30、 we _ each other for ten years.A.have known B.knew C.were knowing D.had known()4.I saw Li Lei yesterday.We hadnt seen each other _ I left Beijing.A.after B.before C.since D.until cA D c第二十九页，本课件共有34页()6.I learned_ the city for a long time.A.she has been in B.she has gone to B.C.she had been in D.she
31、 had gone to()7.He said that he _ a cold for three days.A.has B.had caught C.had had D.has got()8.I saw Kate with a new radio in her hand yesterday,but she told me she_the radio for ten days.A.has bought B.had bought C.has had D.had had ccD 第三十页，本课件共有34页()9.The film _ when I got there.A.has begun B.
32、had already started C.began D.have already begun ()10.The film _ for ten minutes when we got to the cinema.A.had already been on B.had already begun C.have already been on D.have already begun A B 第三十一页，本课件共有34页More practice:1.He told me he _(meet)her before.2.She thanked me for what I _(do)for her
33、son.3.I _(learn)300 words by the end of last month.4.He _(leave)his office when I arrived there.5.She _(visit)the city three times before she died in 1997.6.They knew she _(borrow)a lot of money for her daughter.7.7.Great changes _(take)place in my hometown since 1996.8.8.He _(live)in Beijing since
34、he was born.9.He told me he _(live)in Beijing since he was born.had methad donehad learnthad lefthad visitedhad borrowedhave takenhas livedhad lived第三十二页，本课件共有34页1.1.他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年.2.2.当当MillieMillie到达电影院的时候到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始了半个小时了电影已经开始了半个小时了.3.3.自从他离开南京我们就一直没有见过面自从他离开南京我们就一直
35、没有见过面.He had worked in that school for three years before he came to our school.The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.We havent seen each other since he left Nanjing.4.4.到上学期末到上学期末,我们已经学历我们已经学历40004000多个单词多个单词.By the end of last term,we had learnt over 4,000 words.第三十三页，本课件共有34页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第三十四页，本课件共有34页