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1、牙科放射線學ppt课件 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望學 習 目 標2.Eric Whaites:Essentials of dental radiography&radiology 1st edition,Chapter 8,p.59-771.Eric Whaites:Essentials of dental radiography&radiology 3rd edition,Chapter 8-10,p.75-116References:知道口
2、內片攝影術的名稱知道口內片攝影術的名稱了解口內片攝影術的適應症了解口內片攝影術的適應症明白口內片攝影術的方法明白口內片攝影術的方法3.Newman ME&Friedman S:Extraoral radiographic technique:An alternative approach.J Endod 2003;29:419-214.Kaohsiung Medical University,Oral Pathology Department Film&tooth parallel&in contactIdeal positioning Parallel X-ray beam meeting
3、both the tooth&film at right anglesRef.1 For film&tooth to be parallel they must placed some distance apart Film&tooth parallel&in contactIdeal positioning Parallel X-ray beam meeting both the tooth&film at right anglesRef.1Paralleling techniqueFilm&tooth parallel&in contactIdeal positioning Paralle
4、l X-ray beam meeting both the tooth&film at right anglesShortspacerconeDivergingX-ray beam Magnification of the imageLongspacerconeNear parallelX-ray beamMinimal magnificationof the imageRef.1Paralleling techniqueAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockPat
5、ient positioningMaxillary incisorPositioningMaxillary incisorRef.2Paralleling techniqueAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockMaxillary caninePatient positioningMaxillary caninePositioningRef.2Paralleling techniqueMaxillary premolarPatient positioningPosi
6、tioningMaxillary premolarAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockRef.2Paralleling techniqueAnteriorPosterior Metal supporting indicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockMaxillary molarPatient positioningMaxillary molarPositioningRef.2Paralleling te
7、chniqueAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockMandibular incisorPatient positioningMandibular incisorPatient positioningRef.2Paralleling techniqueAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockMandibular canineMandibul
8、ar caninePatient positioningPositioningRef.2Paralleling techniqueAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locator ringBite blockBite blockMandibular premolarPatient positioningMandibular premolarPositioningRef.2Paralleling techniqueAnteriorPosteriorMetal supportingindicator rodWhite locat
9、or ringBite blockBite blockPatient positioningMandibular molarPositioningMandibular molarRef.2Paralleling techniquePosterior tooth橫橫 放放橫橫 放放左上、右下左上、右下 象限象限右上、左下右上、左下 象限象限Anterior tooth直直 放放upperAnterior tooth直直 放放lowerRef.4Paralleling technique高雄市牙醫師公會資料高雄市牙醫師公會資料Paralleling techniqueFull mouth X-ra
10、y filmsLeftPremolarsRightPremolarsPremolarsMolarsMolarsBitewingBitewingBitewingBitewingUpperLowerIncisorsIncisorsCanineCanineCanineCaninePremolarsMolarsMolarsRef.4Alveolar bone levelis not accurateVertical angulation too smallRef.1Horizontal angle正正 照照 想想 要要 照照 的的 牙牙 齒齒Upper archLower archAnterior t
11、eeth2-3mm beyondthe incisal edgeLong axisof thefilmpacket verticalLong axis of the filmpacket horizontalPosterior teeth2-3mm beyondthe occlusal edgeRef.1Bisecting angle techniqueMaxillary caninePatient positioningVertical angle Maxillary incisorPatient positioningVertical angleRef.2Bisecting angle t
12、echniqueMaxillary premolarMaxillary molarRef.2Bisecting angle techniqueMandibular incisorMandibular canineRef.2Bisecting angle techniqueMandibular premolarsMandibular molarsRef.2Bisecting angle techniquePosterior toothAnterior toothBite fork鱷鱷 魚魚 夾夾Ref.4Bisecting angle technique Posterior tooth右右 上上
13、 象象 限限Tube head Posterior tooth右右 上上 象象 限限Tube head顯示片子顯示片子最外緣最外緣橫竿顯示片子最低處橫竿顯示片子最低處Tube head垂直垂直bitefork橫竿橫竿得到正確之水平角得到正確之水平角Ref.4Bisecting angle technique Mandibular third molar Gagging Endodontics Edentulous alveolar ridge Children Patients with disabilities Mandibular third molar Solution(1)止止 血血
14、鉗鉗Vertical line droppedfrom the outer corner of the eye1cm above the lowermandibular borderExternalcenteringpointRef.2 Mandibular third molar-Solution(2)Apex of 8 too far distallyto be recordedX-ray tubeheadto record the second/third molar crownrelationshipX-ray tubeheadto record the apexof third mo
15、larX-ray tubeheadX-ray tubeheadRef.1 Endodontics Solution(1)Anterior teethReamer/fileFront view filmattached to awooden spatulaSide view film&the wooden spatula are heldparallel To the long axis of the toothReamer/fileRef.1 Endodontics Solution(2)Rubber damPosterior toothPacketholderReamer/fileRef.2
16、 Endodontics Solution(2)左左 上上右右 下下右右 上上左左 下下Catalogue of manufacturer,Dentsply Endodontics Solution(2)Catalogue of manufacturer,Dentsply Endodontics Solution(2)左左 上上右右 下下左左 下下右右 上上Catalogue of manufacturer,Dentsply Gagging-Solution Steep downward angulationof the X ray beamFilm horizontal(in the occ
17、lusal plane)Surround structure willbe distortedRef.1 Edentulous alveolar ridge-Solution Film packet positionMaxillaMandibleBite block unsupported-film rotatesBite block supported-film stableCottonwool rollsRef.1 Children-Solution Patients with disabilities-SolutionMaxillary incisorsRef.1Extraoral Ra
18、diographic Technique:An Alternative ApproachMaxillary techniqueFilm or sensor-55Film or sensor-35建議使用建議使用sensor因因kVP較低較低建議使用建議使用sensor因因kVP較低較低Mandibular techniqueRef.3Endodontic treatmentChildrenRef.3Extraoral Radiographic TechniqueAABBCDRef.4Extraoral Radiographic Technique自自 製製 工工 具具底底片片Ref.4Extr
19、aoral Radiographic TechniqueSRef.4Extraoral Radiographic TechniqueRef.4Extraoral Radiographic TechniqueBitewing RadiographyHorizontal bitewingVertical bitewingAdultAdultChildrenDownward verticalangulationVerticalHorizontalChildAdultRef.2Vertical bitewingHorizontal bitewingRefs.2,4Bitewing Radiograph
20、yOcclusal Radiography Maxillary occlusal projections Upper standard occlusal (standard occlusal)Upper oblique occlusal (oblique occlusal)Vertex occlusal (vertex occlusal)Maxillary Occlusal Projections Upper Standard Occlusal片片 子子 橫橫 放放突突 點點 朝朝 上上Ref.2 Maxillary Occlusal Projections Upper Oblique Occ
21、lusal65-70degree片片 子子 直直 放放突突 點點 朝朝 上上片片 子子 直直 放放盡量靠近所要照之牙弓盡量靠近所要照之牙弓Ref.2 Maxillary Occlusal Projections Vertex Occlusal突突 點點 朝朝 上上片片 子子 直直 放放不建議常使用不建議常使用 因因kVP過高過高Ref.2Occlusal Radiography Mandibular Occlusal Projections Lower 90 degree occlusal (true occlusal)Lower 45 degree occlusal (standard oc
22、clusal)Lower oblique occlusal (oblique occlusal)Mandibular Occlusal Projections Lower 90 Degree Occlusal片片 子子 橫橫 放放突突 點點 朝朝 下下Ref.2 Mandibular Occlusal Projections Lower 45 Degree Occlusal片片 子子 直直 放放突突 點點 朝朝 下下Ref.2 Mandibular Occlusal Projections Lower Oblique Occlusal片片 子直子直 放放突突 點點 朝朝 下下盡量靠近所要照之牙弓盡量靠近所要照之牙弓Ref.2Summaries Periapical film Extent of alveolar bone loss(牙周病牙周病)(Parallel method)Periapical film The whole length of teeth,(Bisection method)Periapical area Bitewing film Proximal area of teeth,Extent of alveolar bone loss(牙周病牙周病)Occlusal film A section of maxilla or mandible