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1、河南省新乡市河南省新乡市2023届高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题届高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.
2、18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.What is the woman going to do?A.Take a bus.B.Help the man.C.Get a camera.2.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Nurse and patient.B.Boss and employee.C.Teacher and student.3.What time is it now?A.10:20.B.10:12.C.10:32.4.What are the speakers most probably talking about?A.
3、Abook.B.An actor.C.Afilm.5.Where does the conversation take place?A.In the classroom.B.In the dormitory.C.In the library.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Where will the woman go?A.To
4、her office.B.To the airport.C.To the school.7.What does the woman ask the man to do?A.Look for some toys.B.Meet her boss.C.Take care of a baby.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Why does Diana say sorry to Peter?A.She needs to put off her test.B.She has to give up her travel plan.C.She wants to visit another city.9.W
5、hat does Diana want Peter to do?A.Help her with her study.B.Take a book to her friend.C.Teach a geography lesson.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.How does Joanna feel?A.Tired.B.Sad.C.Anxious.11.Why does Joanna want to make breakfast?A.To look after her sick mum.B.To pay back her mum.C.To practise cooking.12.What
6、 can we know about Joanna?A.She loves her father more than her mother.B.She can get up early every day.C.She has got married.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What is the man?A.Ahost.B.A teacher.C.Adoctor.14.What is the conversation mainly about?A.How to save money.B.How to spend money.C.How to be a good housewif
7、e.15.Where does the woman like shopping?A.In supermarkets.B.In department stores.C.In outdoor markets.16.What does the woman strongly recommend?A.Fixing things by ourselves.B.Hiring someone to repair things.C.Asking friends to help with the repairs.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Which school is the university
8、 most famous for?A.Social Science.B.Medicine.C.Law.18.Who will say something more about the courses?A.The visitors.B.The receptionists.C.The lecturers.19.What is required for degree courses?A.One group discussion.B.A long essay.C.Informal lectures.20.Who is the speech most probably intended for?A.St
9、udents at high school.B.Teachers at university.C.Teachers at high school.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALearning a foreign language can broaden career opportunities in the USA.Heres the reasonwhy learning some of the popular foreign languages can help you.
10、ChineseChinese is considered as an important language to enhance business prospects across theglobe.It has the largest number of speakers.More than 1.4 billion people speak Chinese.Chinesecompanies have invested in various industries in other countries.There are great opportunities foremployment in
11、Chinese companies if you can master Chinese.SpanishSpanish is spoken by about 580 million speakers across the world.It has the second largestnumber of speakers.Furthermore,many Spanish companies are rapidly increasing their presencein various industries like travel and tourism,translation,teaching,a
12、nd international business.PortugueseSpoken by about 230 million people,Portuguese is the sixth most widely spoken languagein the world.It is the official language of eight countries.Theres a great demand for Portu-gueselanguage experts in various industries.GermanGerman is the third most popular for
13、eign language taught worldwide and the second mostpopular in Europe and Japan,after English.German has between 89 and 110 million nativespeakers.German companies account for 700,000 jobs in the USA,so learning German can givepeople great job offers.21.Why does the author advise people to learn Chine
14、se?A.They can further study global business.B.They can have an opportunity to go to China.C.They can get more job offers in various countries.D.They can find a chance to travel to other countries.22.Which language has the second largest number of speakers in the world?A.Chinese.B.Spanish.C.Portugues
15、e.D.German.23.What can we know about German from the text?A.Japanese dislike learning it.B.It is the most popular language in Europe.C.It is spoken by less than 89 million people.D.Mastering it helps people get more job opportunities.BAfter I finished my PhD in 2014 at Duke University,I stayed for a
16、n extra year to finish apaper and look for a postdoc(博士后)position.The first step of my process was to decide what Iwanted to do with my career,and then I should find a laboratory that would help me to achievethat.I was a bit anxious about making such a strong statement about my careera feeling that
17、Ithink is shared by many graduating students.The next step in my process was to broadly identify what type of field I wanted to work inand which techniques,system and organism I wanted to learn.Several people advised me tochange one or two of these choices from my PhD work,which was in yeast cell bi
18、ology(酵母细胞生物学).Although I really value having experience in multiple fields and techniques,I dont thinkthis change is absolutely necessary.I also talked my options through with my PhD adviser,DanielLew,and my lab mates.In the end,I decided to stay working with yeast but to take on morebiochemistry a
19、pproaches.I then put together a list of possible labs as I read papers and university websites.By thispoint,my partner and I had decided that we would like to live in Europe,because it would be agreat opportunity to move somewhere else and experience a different way of living.I preferredlabs in Euro
20、pe,but I included many in the United States as well.I applied to eight labs by e mail:four labs in the United States and four in Europe.In the end,I decided on John Diffleys lab at the Francis Crick Institute in London.I could imagine how I would develop as a scientist in Johns lab and ultimately ga
21、in moreindependence.When youre on an academic career track,thats a big part of the experiencebecoming independent and designing your own projects.24.What did the author do first for a postdoc position?A.Work in a university for an extra year.B.Look for a proper laboratory for research.C.Determine wh
22、at to do with his career.D.Overcome his anxiety about his career.25.Why did the author choose yeast cell biology for his postdoc position?A.He thought it was popular.B.He liked experiencing multiple fields.C.He accepted his advisers and lab mates advice.D.He considered it unnecessary to work in othe
23、r fields.26.What made the author prefer European labs?A.Few suitable labs in the U.S.B.Wishing for living a different lifestyle.C.Abetter opportunity to finish his postdoc.D.Focusing on research and pursuing his aim.27.How will the author work in Johns lab?A.By designing his own projects.B.By sharin
24、g his good experience.C.By discussing yeast in groups.D.By depending on Johns help.CAmerica has more than enough food for everyone to eat.But each year,billions of pounds ofperfectly good food go to waste.Meanwhile,34 million face hunger in the United States.As the countrys largest food rescue organ
25、ization,Feeding America partners with foodmanufacturers,grocery stores,restaurants,and farmers to rescue food and deliver it to food banksserving our neighbors.Each year,108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States.That equates to 130billion meals and more than$408 billion in food throw
26、n away each year.Shockingly,nearly 40%of all food in America is wasted.Food goes to waste at every stage of food production and distributionfrom farmers topackers and shippers,from manufacturers to retailers to our homes.Food waste in our homesmakes up about 39%of all food wasteabout 42 billion poun
27、ds of food waste,and commercialfood waste makes up about 61%of all food waste or 66 billion pounds of food waste.FeedingAmerica focuses on reducing food waste on farms and in food service,manufacturing,and retail.Last year,the Feeding America network and our partners rescued 4.7 billion pounds ofgro
28、ceries.That food went directly to meals for people facing hunger.This makes Feeding Americathe largest food rescue organization in the country.Food rescue,or food recovery,is the practice of collecting high-quality food that wouldotherwise go to waste and distributing it to people facing hunger.We w
29、ork with manufacturers,retailers,and farmers to reduce food waste and get rescued food to people in need.We identify food at risk of going to waste,offer rescued food to food banks,safely ship foodover long distances and keep food fresh longer once it reaches a food bank.28.What do we know about the
30、 food in America?A.It is quite abundant.B.It is barely enough.C.It is easily available.D.It is increasingly insufficient.29.What does the underlined phrase“equates to”in paragraph 3 mean?A.Consumes.B.Equals.C.Wastes.D.Multiplies.30.How does the author reveal the food waste in America?A.By making com
31、parisons.B.By offering examples.C.By listing reasons.D.By presenting data.31.What does Feeding America actually do?A.It teaches people how to grow food.B.It urges government to take action.C.It saves food from being wasted.D.It aims to relieve world hunger.DOne of the most common beliefs among resea
32、rchers is that humans first arrived in NorthAmerica 16,000 years ago.According to a recent fossil discovery,that might not be true.The newfinding suggests that humans might have arrived in North America far earlier.In 2013,a damaged mammoth(猛犸 象)skull and other bones that looked“deliberatelybroken”w
33、ere found.The damage to the bones suggested that humans were the ones who caused itto make tools.Carbon-dating analysis suggested the pieces are roughly 37,000 years old.Thisdiscovery could shift our understanding of humans earliest existence in North America.Thesefossils suggest humans killed anima
34、ls in the area much earlier than 16,000 years ago.Previous research led scientists to believe the first humans that settled in North Americabelonged to the Clovis culture.This was a group of people who left behind carefully made tools16,000 years ago.However,carbon-dating analysis of the mammoth bon
35、es indicates that the site isaround 36,250 to 38,900 years old.That means its the oldest known site left behind by ancienthumans in North America.“Thats not the only interesting thing about the discovery,”said Timothy Rowe,a professorat the University of Texas.“The similar findings supporting an ear
36、lier date for human arrival havebeen mostly ignored.This is because they have contradicted previous research.”Now,however,he thinks theres a good chance that researchers will find evidence of humans farther back in time.The early humans shaped bones into sharp blades,which were used to take apart an
37、imalsremains,according to Rowe.There are also signs that they cooked the animal bones over a fire tomelt off the fat.“The real evidence that we have has to do with the breakage patterns,and howthorough they are.They must have used rocks or hammer stones to bust the skeleton apartThesepeople would us
38、e whatever they could,”Rowe told USAToday.32.What can be learnt about the earliest humans in North America?A.They arrived t here 16,000 years ago.B.They caused mammoth to disappear.C.They could make tools with bones.D.They belonged to the Clovis culture.33.Why are the findings similar to the new one
39、 ignored?A.They lack a good chance.B.They fail to draw attention.C.They arent studied scientifically.D.They disagree with earlier research.34.How does Rowe find the new discovery?A.Annoying.B.Inspiring.C.Puzzling.D.Embarrassing.35.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Evidence of Earlier Human
40、sArrival in North AmericaB.The Earliest HumansSettling in North AmericaC.The Earliest Tool Makers in North AmericaD.Research on Mammoths in North America第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wherever you live,you always look forward to a comfortable home.However,people dontof
41、ten turn it into what they want because they worry about the costs.Aetually,this is a commonmisconception(错误认识)you dont need to spend a lot of money in order to make your homecomfortable._36_.ClearThe first thing you need to do before buying or rearranging anything is clearing rooms._37_.There is no
42、 way to turn a cluttered(杂乱的)space into an attractive one without organizing it.So,the first thing you do is clearing rooms.You dont have to throw out everything.Though clearingrooms can be an ongoing process that takes time,its worth it.Add Green Plants_38_.Besides the eye-pleasing effect that plan
43、ts and flowers have,they also removetoxins(毒素)from the air,making your environment healthier.If that isnt enough for you,theytend to help calm people down.Try Darker ColorsAnother thing you can do to make a room look warmer is use some darker shades in thedecoration.Lighter colors are great for maki
44、ng a room feel bigger,but darker colors create acomfortable and attractive environment._39_.Adjust the LightingThe last thing is lighting.The lighting in a room can make or break it._40_.Think of usingthe fireplace if you have one,lighting some candles and hanging up some string lights.Even alamp ca
45、n make all the difference to the environment of a room.A.Warm lighting can make a room pleasant and sweetB.Disorder is the exact opposite of warm and attractiveC.You shouldnt keep plants and flowers in your bedroomD.Throwing in some darker colors will make the room look perfectE.Besides making it ke
46、ep warm,blankets add more color to a roomF.Here are some inexpensive ways to make your home comfortableG.One way to make a room attractive is to add plants and fresh flowers第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One of my favorite anonymous(匿名的)acts
47、 is to pay for meals in a restaurant.A few yearsago,I was at a restaurant with my project team,eating a Christmas_41_.My view of the otherdinners was via a_42_in front of me from where I was sitting.It was a Wednesday night about 3weeks before Christmas so there were only about 6 other tables_43_.Ab
48、out 10 minutes before we left,I_44_to look in the mirror,seeing two girls_45_.They satnear me.They started to_46_the menu and I could hear what they said.They _47_,“It s soexpensive!”I usually_48_a table thats already eating their dinners so I can get their check from therestaurant.As we left,I told
49、 the manager I wanted to_49_the two girls.He figured that thehigh_50_was$100 including taxes,so I gave him$140 and told him to give the waiter whateverwas left as a Christmas_51_.Touched by my act,the manager said he would_52_anythingover$100 and give the waiter$40.We agreed that he would tell the t
50、wo girls after we_53_thatsomeone had paid for their meal.I wanted them to_54_whatever they wanted without_55_the cost.The next day I went to the_56_again to eat dinner with my friends,the manager _57_me.Hewalked to me.From him,I knew_58_about the thing after we left.The two girls felt_59_and weremov