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1、届高考英语第一轮课本复习必修一UnitEarthquake人教新课标 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望一一 单词拼写单词拼写请根据给出的读音、词性和词义写请根据给出的读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。出下列单词。1._bE:stbE:stv.爆裂，爆发爆裂，爆发2._ruinruinn.&v.废墟，毁灭废墟，毁灭3._iks5tri:miks5tri:madj.极端的，极度的极端的，极度的4._5indVE5indVE v.损害，伤害损害，伤害5._di
2、s5trCidis5trCivt.破坏，毁坏破坏，毁坏6._5ju:slis5ju:slisadj.无用的，无效的无用的，无效的7._FCkFCkn.&vt.震惊，震动震惊，震动8._5reskju5reskju:n.&v.援救援救9._5fraitn5fraitnvt.使惊吓使惊吓10._dVQdVdVQdVv.&n.判断，法官判断，法官burstruinextremeinjuredestroyuselessshockrescuefrightenjudge11._iks5presiks5pres vt.表达表达12._5sQfEriN5sQfEriN n.苦难，苦难，痛苦痛苦13._sin5
3、siElisin5siEliadv.真诚地，真挚地真诚地，真挚地14._5beri5berivt.埋葬，掩埋埋葬，掩埋15._trAptrApn.&vt.陷阱，使陷阱，使陷入困境陷入困境16._sE5vaivEsE5vaivEn.幸存者幸存者17._Ilek5trIsItIIlek5trIsItIn.电电18._di5zB:stEdi5zB:stEn.灾难，灾祸灾难，灾祸19._kEn7rAtju5leiFEnkEn7rAtju5leiFEnn.祝贺祝贺20._kE5nAlkE5nAln.运河，水道运河，水道canalexpresssufferingsincerelyburytrapsurvi
4、vorelectricitydisastercongratulation二二 单词运用单词运用根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。填入一个恰当的单词。1.Alotofpipes_andtensofthousandsofhousewere_intheearthquake.2.The_weather_thenativesalotofwhomwere_3.Carswere_asalmostallroadsandbridgeswere_.Peoplewere_asnoonecametotheir_afterdisasterhappened.4.Theplai
5、ntiffs_theirgratitudetothe_whoextendedjusticeforthem.judgesburstruinedextremeshockedinjureduselessdestroyedfrightenedrescueexpressed5.Hewasoneofthe_intheearthquake.(survive)6.Suez_iscontrolledbyEgypt.7.Without_,ourworldwouldbecomedarkandtotallydifferent.(electrical)8.Weallshowsympathywithhimwhohasex
6、periencedsomany_(suffer)9.Iwouldliketoexpressmy_onyouforyourgreatsuccessinthecompetition.10.Iam_sorryforthetroubleIhavecausedtoyou.(sincere)sincerelysurvivorsCanalelectricitysufferingsCongratulations三三 词语派生词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thefoodsmellsso_.Weshouldthrowitaway.(smell)2.Theentirenat
7、ionconsiderita_pridetohosttheOlympicGames(nation)3.Alexsmother_herdissatisfactionwithhisroominwhichallwindowsandfloorwerecoveredwith_.(expression/dirty)4.Fortunately,allminerstrappedintheminessurvivedthoughsome_sufferedminor_.(survive/injure)5.Thisis_newstoallofusasweneverexpectedhewouldlosethegame.
8、(shock)6.Theconditionsthereare_difficult.Pleasetakemoreequipment,whichmaybevery_foryou.(extreme/use)usefulsmellynationalexpresseddirtsurvivorsinjuriesshockingextremely四四词组互译词组互译 将下列词组或短语翻译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语翻译成中文或英语。1._ 1._ 立刻，马上立刻，马上2._ 2._ 突然突然3._ 3._ 仿佛，好像仿佛，好像4._ 4._ 结束，终结结束，终结5._ 5._ 成为废墟，破败不堪成为废墟，
9、破败不堪6._ 6._ 挖掘，发现挖掘，发现7._ 7._ 大量的大量的8._ 8._ 对对 不重视不重视9._ 9._ 成千上万的成千上万的10._ 10._ 三分之二三分之二rightawayburstinto/outasifatanendinruinsdigouta(great)numberthinklittleoftensofthousandsoftwo-thirdsof11.betoonervoustoeat_12.rescuefrom_13.tothenorthofthecity_14.jumpoutof_15.describetosb_16.everywheretheylook_
10、17.uselesspiecesofsteel_18.falldown_19.rescueworkers_20.congratulationsonsb_向某人祝贺向某人祝贺 太紧张而不吃东西太紧张而不吃东西从从 中拯救出来中拯救出来城市以北城市以北从从 跳出来跳出来向某人描述向某人描述目光所及之处目光所及之处废铁废铁倒塌，倒塌，倒下倒下救援人员救援人员五五 词组运用词组运用词组填空词组填空根据句子所提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一根据句子所提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一个适当的词组并用其适当形式填空。个适当的词组并用其适当形式填空。1._spectators_laughterastheperfo
11、rmancewassoamusing.2.Youshouldleaveforthemeeting_asitisgoingtobe_soon.3.Theoldhouselay_.Sotheownerhadto_hisvaluablesinthedustwithshovels.4._ofpeopleinterviewed_whathadhappened,whichledto_casualties.5.Itseems_itisgoingtorainagain.Letsmoveinside.AgreatnumberofburstintorightawayatanendinruinsdigoutTwo-
12、thirdsthoughtlittleoftensofthousandsofasif翻译句子翻译句子根据汉语意识，从第四大题中选出一个恰当的根据汉语意识，从第四大题中选出一个恰当的词组完成句子。词组完成句子。6救援人员从倒塌的房子中找到了一个幸存者。救援人员从倒塌的房子中找到了一个幸存者。Therescueworkersfoundasurvivor_7目光所及之处，所有都成为了废墟。目光所及之处，所有都成为了废墟。Everywherewelooked,_8他向我们描述了他是如何从废墟中被救出来的。他向我们描述了他是如何从废墟中被救出来的。Hedescribedtoushow_9在这个城市以北是
13、一座大型的炼油厂。在这个城市以北是一座大型的炼油厂。_.Thereisalargeoilplanttothenorthofthiscity.inthehousethathadfallendown.alllayinruins.hewasrescuedfromtheruins.六、介词填空六、介词填空请用恰当的介词填空。请用恰当的介词填空。1.Noonehelpedme.Ididitallmyself.2.Ifyoukeep_,youllsucceedtime.3.Judging_hisaccent,hemustcome_Sichuan.4.Only_thiswaycanyousucceed.5.
14、_twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.With byon in from/byfrom in 6.Iowethanks_you_yourunselfishhelp.7.Shehasbeenmarried_ayoungworker.8.-Whattimeisitnow?-Itisseven_mywatch.9.Thetablesinthatrestaurantaresoclosetogetherthatthereslittlespace_them.10.Ifeelthatoneofmymainduties_ateacheri
15、stohelpthestudentstobecomebetterlearners.to for to bybetweenas1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.(P25)Shake:vi/vt (shook,shaken)Shake hands with sb Shake ones head over/at sthThe whole house shook during the explosion.The whole house shook during the explosion.The e
16、xplosion shook the house.The explosion shook the house.Please shake the bottle before taking.Please shake the bottle before taking.The host shook hands with all the guests.The host shook hands with all the guests.Nothing can shake our determination to overcome the difficulty.Nothing can shake our de
17、termination to overcome the difficulty.He shook his head in answer to my question.He shook his head in answer to my question.right away:right now;at once;immediatelyright away:right now;at once;immediately I am getting in touch with him right away.2.For three days the water in the village wells rose
18、 and fell,rose and fell.(Para 1,Line 1)rise(rose,risen)vigo up;get higher;(of the sun,moon,stars,etc.)come above the horizon;stand up,get out of bedThe flood has risen two feet.She usually rises early in the morning.rise&raiserise:升起；升起；上升；上升；上涨（不能用于被动语态）上涨（不能用于被动语态）raise:举起举起 ；使升起；使升起；提高（可用于被动语提高（可
19、用于被动语态）态）He raised a heavy box over his head.We must raise the living standard of the people.Food prices are still rising.3.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(Para 1,Line 3)smelly adj.发臭的发臭的wind-windy dream-dreamy ice-icy toot
20、o tooto so thatso thatThis book is too difficult for me to read.This book is too difficult for me to read.=This book is so difficult that I can not read.=This book is so difficult that I can not read.4.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(Para 1,L6)burstburst (burst,burst
21、)(1).vi.break open or in pieces suddenly;e.g.When he was riding,the tire burst.(2)e or go suddenly or violently(2)e or go suddenly or violently e.g.The house burst into flames.The girl burst into tear.(3).n.bursting,outbreake.g.a burst of laughter/applause5.went to bed as usual that night.(Para1,Lin
22、e 8)as usual 照常，惯常照常，惯常As usual,it rained on my birthday.6.It seemed that the world was at an end.(Para 2,Line 1)at an end 世界末日世界末日 come to an end 结束结束The meeting came to an end at midnight.at the end of 在在的尽头的尽头/最后最后At the end of the road youll find a shop.He is at the end of his patience.7.In fift
23、een terrible seconds a large city lay in ruin.(Para 2,Line 5)lie(lay,lain)(v.)lie(lay,lain)(v.)to be,remain or be kept in a certain stateto be,remain or be kept in a certain statee.g.The village lay in ruins after the war.e.g.The village lay in ruins after the war.in ruinsin ruins:severly damaged or
24、 destroyed severly damaged or destroyed 毁坏毁坏毁坏毁坏e.g.An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.e.g.An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.n.n.be/lie in ruinsbe/lie in ruins sth.left after destruction,decay or downfall sth.left after destruction,decay or downfall 废墟废墟废墟废墟 ，遗迹，遗迹，遗迹，遗迹v.v.damage,d
25、estroyed damage,destroyed 损坏，毁灭损坏，毁灭损坏，毁灭损坏，毁灭 e.g.The fire ruined the housee.g.The fire ruined the house8.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.(para 2,Line 6)injureinjure:v.to hurt oneself/sb/sth physicallyto hurt oneself/sb/sth physically受伤受伤受伤受伤e,.g.He fell of the b
26、icycle in car accident.e,.g.He fell of the bicycle in car accident.Smoking will injure your healthSmoking will injure your health.two-thirdstwo-thirds分子用基数（分子用基数（分子用基数（分子用基数（oneone，two)two)，分母用序数词，分母用序数词，分母用序数词，分母用序数词(first,second.)(first,second.)，当分，当分，当分，当分子超过子超过子超过子超过1 1时，分母的词尾加时，分母的词尾加时，分母的词尾加时，
27、分母的词尾加s s1/6 one-sixth1/6 one-sixth 1/3 one-third1/3 one-third2/3 two-thirds2/3 two-thirds9.People were shocked.(Para 3,Line 7)shockshock：n.U C n.U C 打击；震惊，打击；震惊，打击；震惊，打击；震惊，震动震动震动震动 vt.vt.使震惊，使惊愕使震惊，使惊愕使震惊，使惊愕使震惊，使惊愕 shocking:adj.shocking:adj.使人震惊的使人震惊的使人震惊的使人震惊的The news of his wifes death was a te
28、rribleThe news of his wifes death was a terrible shook to him.shook to him.You will get a shock if you touch the live wire.You will get a shock if you touch the live wire.I was shocked by his rudeness.I was shocked by his rudeness.His failure in the exam was shocking to his parents.His failure in th
29、e exam was shocking to his parents.the number ofthe number of:a quantity of people or thingsa quantity of people or things.a number of:a lot of:a lot of reach(vreach(v)to achieve or obtain sth.)to achieve or obtain sth.达成（某事物）；达到，获得达成（某事物）；达到，获得达成（某事物）；达到，获得达成（某事物）；达到，获得e.g.At last we reached a deci
30、sion.e.g.At last we reached a decision.Youll understand it when you reach my age.Youll understand it when you reach my age.destroydestroy:v.to damage sth severely;ruinv.to damage sth severely;ruine.g.An atom bomb would destroy a city.e.g.An atom bomb would destroy a city.All his hopes are destroyed.
31、All his hopes are destroyed.instead of:in place of;rather than in place of;rather than 代替，而不是代替，而不是代替，而不是代替，而不是e.g.He did the work instead of his father.e.g.He did the work instead of his father.Ill go to the cinema this afternoon Ill go to the cinema this afternoon instead of doing my homework inst
32、ead of doing my homework.rescuerescue:to save or set free from harm,:to save or set free from harm,danger,or loss danger,or loss e.g.He rescued the man from drowning.e.g.He rescued the man from drowning.n.Act of rescuing n.Act of rescuing 解救；解救；解救；解救；营救营救营救营救All hope was not lost.All hope was not lo
33、st.不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破灭了。all not =not all;some but not all.all not =not all;some but not all.一些，但一些，但一些，但一些，但不是全部不是全部不是全部不是全部e.g.Not all the boys left.(=Only some of them left)e.g.Not all the boys left.(=Only some of them left)Grammar定语从句定语从句 The Attributive Clause Grammar(
34、5m)Titanicistheshipthatsankafterhittinganiceberg.RoseandJackaretheloverswhometontheship.Rosethelady/meetJackonTitanicRose is Rose is metmet Jack on Titanic Jack on TitanicJacktheyoungman/wanttosaveRosetheman/wanttokillJackCalJack is Jack is wanted wanted to save Rose to save RoseCal is Cal is wanted
35、wanted to kill Jack.to kill Jack.the lady the lady whowhothe young man the young man whowhothe man the man whowhotheship/sinkintotheoceantheship/isthemostbeautifulintheworldatthattime Titanic issank into the ocean.Titanic is was the most beautiful in the word at that time.the ship thatthe ship thatt
36、heHeartofOceanthediamond/iswornbyRoseThe Heart of Ocean is was worn by Rose.thediamond/isdroppedintotheoceanbyRoseThe Heart of Ocean is was dropped into the ocean by Rose the diamond thatthe diamond thatborn in 1847/man/invent the first telephoneBell who was born in 1847 is the man that invented the
37、 first telephone.引导定语从句关系代词的用法：引导定语从句关系代词的用法：that which who whom whose1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物1)A plane is a machine that can fly.（主语）主语）2)The noodles that I looked were delicious.（宾语）（宾语）3)Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.（主语）主语）4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Ji
38、msister.（宾（宾语）语）2.Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物在从句中作主语或宾语，指物1)They planted the trees which didnt need much water.(主语主语 )3.who whom在从句中分别作主语和宾在从句中分别作主语和宾语语 (口语中口语中whowho也可作宾语也可作宾语)1)The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（主语）（主语）2)The fish which we bought were not fresh.（宾语）（宾语）2)The boy
39、 who broke the window is called Michael.（主语）（主语）4)Mr.Read is the professor to whom you should write.（宾语）（宾语）3)The person to whom you just talked is Mr.Li.（宾语）（宾语）3)This is the book whose cover is blue.4.whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物在从句中作定语，指人或物1)Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2)Th
40、is is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.关系代词关系代词whosewhose还可以在从句中与它所修饰还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语的词一起作介词宾语NOTEthat和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow
41、.Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等修饰时。修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesam
42、e,thelast修饰时。修饰时。NOTEAre you clear now?OK.Lets do some exercise!Function-I-practice(3m)3.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.Fill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose1.The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2.We dont know the number
43、 of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquakethat/which that/whowhich/that 6.Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher.4.A house _ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake.5.Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.which/thatwho/whom/thatwhoseAnswer keys for“Di
44、scovering useful structures”Ex.2 on Page 281 who2 that/which3 which/that4 whose5 whoseFunction-II-practice(2m)1.The famous basketball star,_ tried to make a comeback,attracted a lot of attention.(北京北京 2002春季春季)A、where B、when C、which D、who答案答案 D真真题题解解析析：本本题题考考察察定定语语从从句句关关联联词词的的选选择择，从从句句意意可可知知先先行行词词th
45、e famous basketball star（著著名名的的篮篮球球明明星星）是是人人，所所以应用表示人的关联词以应用表示人的关联词who。高考链接高考链接The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001)A、until B、that C、when D、where答案答案 C 真真题题解解析析：本本题题考考察察定定语语从从句句的的连连接接词词，主主句句中中的的先先行行词词the hours被被其其它它成成分分分分割割，只只要要考考生生能能够够
46、认认清清真真正正的的先先行行词词，就就不不难难得得出出答答案案，the hours表表示示时时间间，所所以以应应该该选选择择一一个个表表示示时时间间的关系副词，即的关系副词，即when。高考链接高考链接3._ is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET2001)A、It B、As C、That D、what答案答案 B真题解析：真题解析：本题考察本题考察as引导非限定性定语从句。引导非限定性定语从句。as引导从句的意思是引导从句的意思是“正如正如.”，引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当，引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当as在从句中充当主语时，在从句中充当主语时，常用下面的结构：常用下面的结构：as is know，as is said，as is reported等，所以本题的答案是等，所以本题的答案是B。高考链接高考链接